exp of LTM - episodic and semantic

Question 1

who proposed that LTM could be divided into two memory stores

Answer 1

Tulving 1972

Question 2

what are episodic memories

Answer 2

-memories personal to you, lilke a mental diary,
-experiences/ events linked to time in life

Question 3

what is semantic memory

Answer 3

• remembered facts
  -mental encyclopaedia
• stores facts, words, rules, meanings and general knowledge.

Question 4

episodic and semantic memories differ in terms of time and spatial referencing
1 what is time referencing

Answer 4

• Tulving believed that episodic memories are linked to time in which they occurred , eg first day at school is linked to date
• semantic memories can be recalled without remembering first time learnt it

Question 5

what is spatial referencing

Answer 5

• episodic memories are experienced as a whole, a temporal frame of reference.
  eg that birthday I cried
• semantic memories can be pieced together from fragments learned at different times.

Question 6

retrieval

Answer 6

• recall of episodic events rely on recall of context

Question 7

what was missing in Tulvings theory

Answer 7

a further long term store for practicing skills

Question 8

evidence

Answer 8

+ KC hippocampus was destroyed in an injury and he lost all episodic memory
however he could remember stuff learnt semantically
- evidence for difference
CA- :( a problem of using case studies is we can not generalise that our semantic and episodic are independent

Question 9

application

Answer 9

+ understanding of episodic memory can be applied to EWT
recreating a crime scene may provide context dependent retrieval cues

Question 10

S/W

Answer 10

• research into separate stores is problematic because they cannot be studied in absolute isolation. stores can work together when given a task
  + it can help explain individual differences in memory, we all have different autobiographical memories.
• can be seen as reductionist, doesn’t explain how STM and LTM are connected.

Question 11

alternative

Answer 11

the idea that LTM can be broken down into different components suggests MSM was reductionist because it suggested LTM was unitary store.