Experiencing Health and Illness, Health Promotion Flashcards
(36 cards)
***What is health?
Health is a matter of perception.
- a high level of physical, mental, and social functioning
- adaptive maintenance of daily functioning
- absence of illness
- *even someone who has a terminal illness can be considered healthy if there is a high level of functioning, is coping, and actively making efforts to improve status
How is illness typically described?
How it makes a person feel. Its a disruption of health.
What things move a person on health-illness continuum? (3)
A person’s position moves back and forth with physiological changes, lifestyle choices, and results of therapies
What is Dunn’s health grid? What does it predict?
(1959) plots a person’s status on the health-illness continuum against environmental conditions. Predicts the likelihood that a client will have a change in health status. Looks like a four quadrant grid.
What is Neuman’s continuum?
(2002) Energy the person has available is placed on the continuum as either high-energy (wellness) or low energy (illness)
***What factors affect health and illness? (12)
Age, Genetic Makeup, Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sleep and rest, and Meaningful work, Lifestyle choices, personal relationships, culture, religion, environmental factors, finances
What factors disrupt health?
disease, physical injury, mental illness, pain, loss, impending death, competing demands, the unknown, imbalance, and isolation
What are the five stages of illness behavior?
Experiencing symptoms, sick role behavior, seeking professional care, dependence on others, recovery
How does hardiness influence illness behavior?
developing a very strong positive force to live also willingness to draw on resources, willing to seek out information and take initiative
How does intensity, duration, and multiplicity influence illness behavior?
Dealing will multiple health disruptions can breakdown what might otherwise be excellent coping skills
***Acute vs Chronic Illness
Acute- occurs suddenly and last a short time
Chronic- lasts for a long period of time (6mos+), requires life changes
***Remission vs Exacerbation
Remission- symptoms are minimal to none
Exacerbation- symptoms intensify (flare up)
Why do we work on health promotion?
It helps people develop a state of physical, spiritual, and mental well-being. Useful to all individuals because it encourages optimal function
What is Healthy People 2020 and what does it outline?
National initiative to address the effect of lifestyle on health by creating improvement goals to eliminate health disparities
***What is primary health prevention?
prevents disease (immunizations)
***What is secondary health prevention?
detect and treat illness in early stages (screening, mammograms)
***What is tertiary health prevention?
stop disease progression, return to pre-illness state (rehab)
What health behaviors increase risk of illness?
teen pregnancy, drug/alcohol abuse, tobacco use, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle
What are the three variables in Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM)?
individual characteristics
behavior specific cognitions and affect
behavioral outcome
What is the concept of the Wheel of Wellness?
When one spoke of the wheel is broken the whole wheel is broken
“Spokes” are emotional, intellectual, physical, spiritual, social/family, occupational
How does change occur in the Transtheoretical Model of Change?
Precontemplation (no intent to change), Contemplation (decision to change), Preparation (baby steps), Action (implement plan), Maintenance (reinforce behavior), Termination (no danger of relapse)
What did Hans Selye propose?
stress triggers physiological responses that may induce illness. Perform a life-stress review for patients.
What are some nursing interventions for health promotion?
Role Modeling, Counseling, Health Education, and supporting lifestyle changes
What are guidelines for lipid screening?
20+ once q 5 yrs, if cholesterol is 200mg/dL then more frequent monitoring is required
9-11 is recommended
2-8 is recommended if a family member had heart disease
