Experiment 7 and 8

Question 1

Esters of long chain fatty acids and alcohols

Answer 1

Lipids

Question 2

Building block of lipids

Answer 2

Fatty acids

Question 3

Lipids are defined as ____ organic compound insoluble to ____ solvents, but soluble in ____ solvents

(Eg: Ether, Chloroform, Benzene, Acetone)

Answer 3

non-polar ; polar ; organic

Question 4

It represents in cell structure and has a structural function in the cell (presents in all cell membranes)

Answer 4

Biological Role of Lipids

Question 5

An essential source of energy, reservoir of energy

Answer 5

Biological Role of Lipids

Question 6

esters of fatty acids with glycerols (eg: fats and waxes)

Answer 6

Simple Lipids

Question 7

____ the simplest and most common fat which is a form in which lipids are stored in the cell.

Also known as ____

Answer 7

Triacylglycerol (TAG) ; neutral fat

Question 8

Lipids that are linking with the other compounds such as proteolipids, phospholipids, and glycolipids.

Answer 8

Compound Lipids

Question 9

_______ It contains glycerol, fatty acid, Nitrogenous base, and phosphoric acid.

Also known as ____

Answer 9

Compound Lipids ; conjugated lipids

Question 10

They are substances that are soluble in lipid or derived from above groups of lipids by hydrolysis.

(Eg: Cholesterol, Sphingosine, Glycerophosphatides)

Answer 10

Derived Lipids

Question 11

___ - Structurally defines as triester of glycerol and 3 fatty acids

____ and ____ - What are the mixture of this

Answer 11

Triacylglycerol ; fats ; oils

Question 12

Tell me if miscible or immiscible
Water + Coconut Oil = ____
Chloroform + Coconut Oil = ____

Tell me if soluble or insoluble
Water + Cholesterol = _________
Chloroform + Cholesterol = ________

Answer 12

immiscible ; miscible

insoluble ; soluble

Question 13

Tell me if translucent or not

Coconut Oil = ____
Glycerol = ____
Ethanol = ____
Ether = _____

(NOTE: Translucent = non-volatile)

Answer 13

translucent (non-volatile)
translucent (non-volatile)
not (volatile)
not (volatile)

Question 14

Used to detect the presence of glycerol or fat

Answer 14

Acrolein Test

Question 15

Tell me the color of PPT and its odor
Coconut Oil = ______
Glycerol = ______

Answer 15

black ppt (burnt fat)
no ppt (burnt fat)

Question 16

When fat is treated STRONGLY in the presence of dehydrating agent like _____ , the glycerol portion of the molecule is dehydrated to form an _____ aldehyde, acrolein that has a pungent ____ oder

Answer 16

Potassium Bisulfate (KHSO4) ; unsaturated ; irritating

Question 17

_________ to determine the iodine value of fats and oils and thus estimate the unsaturation of fats and oils

Answer 17

Test for Unsaturation (Iodine number)

Question 18

The higher the iodine number, the ____ unsaturated fatty acids bonds are present in a FAT

Answer 18

more

Question 19

The unsaturation is in a form of ______ which react with iodine components

Answer 19

double bonds

Question 20

Tell me its positive color for Iodine Number
Coconut Oil = ________
Oilive Oil = ________
CottonSeed Oil = ________

Answer 20

• Dark Orange (less unsaturated)
• Orange to brown
• Light Orange to colorless (highly unsaturated)

Question 21

Test for rancidity causes ____ oil to be acidic compared to fresh oils

Answer 21

rancid

Question 22

Tell me the color of litmus paper and its inference
Fresh coconut Oil =
Rancid Coconut Oil =

Answer 22

Red-Red ; Blue-blue (neutral)

Blue-Red ; Red-Red (acidic)

Question 23

For Salkowski’s Test, its color is from ___ to ___ indicating the presence of ____

Answer 23

yellow ; brick red color ; cholesterol

Question 24

For Salkowski’s Test, there may be red color in the upper layer (_____) ; and green fluorescence in the lower layer due to the HEAVIER _____ setting

Answer 24

Chloroform ; sulfuric acid

Question 25

Liebermann Burchard Test gives ___ color in the presence of ____. The color is due to the ___ group of cholesterol and the ____ found in the ADJACENT FUSED ____

Answer 25

green ; cholesterol ; OH ; unsaturation ; RING

Question 26

In Liebermann Burchard Test, the color change is ____. First, it appears as a ____ coloration, changing later to ___ , and finally to deep green

Answer 26

gradual ; pink ; lilac

Question 27

ETHER dissolves ____ from the food and can be isolated from the sample. ETHER is an ideal solvent as it is easy to remove via _____

Answer 27

fat ; evaporation

Question 28

The MORE unsaturated a fat or oil is, the ____ viscous it is due to LESSER INTERMOLECULAR ATTRACTIONS between molecules

Answer 28

less

Question 29

Tell me if its viscousity and color Potato Chips = _________ Peanut Oil = _________

Answer 29

VERY VISCOUS (brown-dark/brown) LESS VISCOUS (light brown-colorless)

Question 30

- Yeast RNA is ____ in dil. HCl because of its ____ resistant Yeast RNA is ____ in ethanol because of its ____ dielectric Yeast RNA is ____ in dil. NAOH because of its ____ base. This leads to formation of ____ charged species which interacts with water molecules through ______ interaction

Answer 30

insoluble; highly insoluble ; low soluble ; strong ; negatively ; ion-dipole

Question 31

Basic Steps in DNA Extraction (IN ORDER) 1. Mashing or Grinding the LARGER the surface area, the _____ the extraction procedure

Answer 31

M- L - AS - AC - I FASTER

Question 32

Basic Steps in DNA Extraction (IN ORDER) 2. Lysis of Cells membrane lipids are removed in the sample by adding a _____

Answer 32

M- L - AS - AC - I detergent

Question 33

Basic Steps in DNA Extraction (IN ORDER) 3. Addition of saline solution saline solution helps the DNA strands to ___ to each other and also causes proteins and carbohydrates to _________

Answer 33

M- L - AS - AC - I stick ; precipitate

Question 34

Basic Steps in DNA Extraction (IN ORDER) 4. Addition of cold alcohol DNA is ____ to alcohols, usually with ethanol or isopropanol. Draws water molecule ____ from DNA, causing it to collapse and precipitate

Answer 34

M- L - AS - AC - I insoluble ; away

Question 35

Basic Steps in DNA Extraction (IN ORDER) 5. Isolate the DNA from the solution the isolated DNA appears like a ________

Answer 35

M- L - AS - AC - I white muccos

Question 36

PURINES with Ammoniacal Silver Nitrate Solution + NH4OH

Answer 36

White PPT

Question 37

PENTOSES with a-naphthol in ethanol + conc. Sulfuric Acid

Answer 37

Violet Ring

Question 38

PENTOSES with Orcinol + conc. HCl + 10% FeCl3

Answer 38

Bluish-green solution

Question 39

PHOSPHATES with 10% HNO3 + ammonium molybdate

Answer 39

Yellow PPT

Question 40

PERFECT THE EXAM!!

Answer 40

Noted.