Experiments Flashcards
(13 cards)
Define experiment:
A way to carry out an investigation, where one variable is manipulated and this change affects another variable
Three types of experimental designs:
- independent measures
- repeated measures
- matched pps
Independent measures:
Where pps only take part in one condition
Advantage of independent measures:
- less likely to figure out aim (demand characteristics)
- results can be compared to eachother
Disadvantage of independent measures:
-individual differences may affect results
Repeated measures:
When all pps participate in all of the conditions
Advantage of repeated measures:
Any individual differences of pps will affect the results of all conditions so unlikely to bias the findings
Disadvantage of repeated measures:
Pps may perform the same or similar tasks more than once (practice effect and order effect).
Matched pps:
Pps are matched to a corresponding pps of another group (same age or intelligence)
Different types of experiments:
Lab
Field
Quasi
Quasi experiments:
IV is naturally occurring
-age/ eye colour
+enable things to be researched that may once be deemed as unethical
- difficult to control extraneous variables
- hard to replicate
Lab experiments:
-conducted in a laboratory setting
+variables controlled
-low ecological validity
Field experiments:
Conducted in a natural environment to pps
-variables cannot be controlled
+pps less likely to be aware that they are part of an experiment
+pps may behave more normally meaning results are more valid