Exph 1+2 (EXPH 386/389)

Question 1

What causes the heart beat noise?

Answer 1

Lub - Tricuspid/Mitral valve close

Dub - Pulmonary/Aortic valve close

Question 2

What is an Athlete heart?

Answer 2

Thickening of the wall of LEFT ventricle

Question 3

Blood flow in heart?

Answer 3

body - vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle- pulmonary artery - LUNGS - pulmonary veins - left atrium - left ventricle - aorta to body

Question 4

Why athletes have great SV?

Answer 4

Increased compliance of left ventricle, allows for greater volume

Question 5

What are METs?

Answer 5

1 MET = 1 kcal = 3.5 ml/kg/min

Resting metabolism or oxygen uptake

Question 6

Blood flow in heart?

Answer 6

body - vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle- pulmonary artery - LUNGS - pulmonary veins - left atrium - left ventricle - aorta to body

Question 7

What is the total production of ATP from glucose in the skeletal muscle?

Answer 7

36

Question 8

What happens during intense exercise?

Answer 8

pH decreases as VCO2 and lactate production increase

Question 9

What measures changes in muscle length?

Answer 9

Muscle spindles- stretch reflex. primary response to any stretch of a muscle and initiates a stronger muscle action to counteract this stretch

Question 10

What measures changes in muscle tension?

Answer 10

Golgi tendon organ (GTO) - detects differences in the tension generated by active muscle to protect the muscle and surrounding connective tissue from injury due to sudden or excessive loads

Question 11

Inspiration of lungs

Answer 11

airs moves into lungs – chest cavity elongates and enlarges and air expands the lungs

Question 12

Expiration of lungs

Answer 12

air moves to the atmosphere – at rest this is passive – with exercise this is active

Question 13

Dyspnea

Answer 13

difficult breathing, “shortness of breath”

Question 14

What measures work?

Answer 14

Ergometry- measures work output

Question 15

What are watts?

Answer 15

Unit of power (km/min)/6

Question 16

CDC guidelines:

Answer 16

75 minutes of vigorous intensity + 2 or more days
———
mix of both intensity + 2 or more days

Question 17

Greater weight loss CDC guidelines:

Answer 17

150 minutes of vigorous + 2 or more days
———
mix of both intensity + 2 or more days

Question 18

Duration of Activity

Answer 18

Intensity and Duration have an inverse relationship

Question 19

Effects of intense Exercise on pH + lactate

Answer 19

pH decreases while VCO2 and Lactate increaseyn

Question 20

Place the bell of stethoscope where?

Answer 20

Brachial Artery

Question 21

What is angina pectoris?

-What is another name for it?-

Answer 21

Chest pain

-Myocardial Ischemic -

Question 22

Neural response during exercise

• Sympathetic-
• Parasympathetic-

Answer 22

• increase-

- decrease-

Question 23

During development when do fat cells increase?

Answer 23

• 3rd trimester
• 1st year of life
• gradual increase till 10 years old

Question 24

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

Answer 24

Disease of blood vessels outside heart and brain

Question 25

Pericarditits

Answer 25

Inflammations of the lining surrounding the heart (The pericardial sac)

Question 26

Exercise type prescriptions for outpatient?

Answer 26

Aerobic, work large muscle groups

Question 27

Exercise type prescriptions for inpatient?

Answer 27

Walking

Question 28

What does the Borg Scale measure?

Answer 28

perceived energy exertion

Question 29

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 29

A, D, E, K

Question 30

Water Soluble vitamins

Answer 30

C, B

Question 31

Children and Exercise

Answer 31

Lower sweat rate | higher core temperature

Question 32

Fast twitch glycolytic muscles characteristics

Answer 32

``` type 2 low resistance to fatigue large motor neuron high force low density ```

Question 33

Slow twitch muscles characteristics

Answer 33

type 1 high fatigue resistance low force productions high density

Question 34

Measure work output

Answer 34

Resistance (kp) x Revolutions per minute (rpm) x Travel distance per revolution (6 meters) = # kp.m.min-1 ANS/6 = watts

Question 35

Inverse relationship ?

Answer 35

Intensity and Duration

Question 36

Sliding Filament Theory

Answer 36

Myofliments slide passed each other, do not change length

Question 37

Response to exercise on nervous system?

Answer 37

Increase - sympathetic, decrease - parasympathetic (slows HR)

Question 38

Measurement/proportion of lean fat mass vs fat mass?

Answer 38

Body composition

Question 39

J-shaped curve

Answer 39

Moderate exercise lowers risk of respiratory infection , | Excessive may increase risk

Question 40

BP and exercise

Answer 40

Increase - SBP | No change/slight decrease in DBP