explaining phobias

Question 1

tpm

Answer 1

two process model
explains how phobias are learnt and maintained through conditioning

Question 2

main assumptions of behaviourism

Answer 2

• behaviour learnt not innate
  2 main types of conditioning

classical conditioning - learn by association
operation conditioning - learnt by consequences

Question 3

classical conditioning phobias

Answer 3

explains how phobias are started

ns becomes cs through association with ucs

Question 4

operant conditioning phobias

Answer 4

explains how phobias are maintained overtime

reinforcement strengths behaviour
neg rein = avoiding phobic stim removes fear = relief
pos reinf= relief from fear is a reward , makes avoidance more likely

Question 5

strength , real world application

Answer 5

p- lead to successful treatment for phobias ,
e- e.g sd and flooding = based on idea that phobias can be learnt and unlearnt
e- works by replacing fear response with relaxation by new associations
l- supports tpm = phonbias can be treated by unlearning , likely learnt though conditioning

Question 6

strength , case study

Answer 6

p- supported by famous case study of little Albert
e - study of little boy who was conditoned into having a phobia of a white rat by pairing it with a loud bang
e- overtime his fear became generalised to smaller objects .e fur coats, showing how phobias can spread
l- supports tpm , shows that phobias acquired through classical conditioning

Question 7

limitation , traumatic experience

Answer 7

p- not everyone has experience traumatic experience
e- bare ppl can’t recall any experience that started phobia
e- suggests that other factors play a role
l- tpm = doesn’t explain all phobias