EXPLORATION AND ITS TECHNIQUES

Question 1

Process of searching for evidence of any
mineralization hosted in the surrounding rocks

Process of finding a commercially viable mineral
resource

Answer 1

Exploration

Question 2

The goal of exploration is to locate mineral or
petroleum resources:

Answer 2

1. In the shortest possible time

Objective:

2. At the lowest possible cost
3. Using effective and sustainable methods

Question 3

begins with low-impact operations,
including desktop testing and field inspections, to assess
if signs of minerals or petroleum are present. It is
achieved before more intensive and expensive
technologies such as geochemical sampling,
exploration, and geophysical surveys are carried out.

Answer 3

Exploration

Question 4

It includes the implementation of
geophysical methods to indirectly
determine the geological and
structural as well as the physical and
mechanical characteristics of the
foundation soil.

Answer 4

GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY

Question 5

These methods are used to determine the layout, thickness and properties of individual
\ layers below the terrain surface, on which the construction of a specific structure is planned.

Answer 5

GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY

Question 6

TYPES OF
GEOPHYSICAL
SURVEYs

Answer 6

1. Airborne Geophysical
   Survey
   a. Gravitational Geophysical
   Survey
   b. Seismic Geophysical Survey
   c. Magnetic Geophysical
   Survey
   d. Radiometric Geophysical
   Survey
   e. Electromagnetic (EM)
   Survey
2. Induced Polarization (IP)
   Survey

Question 7

Use aircraft to collect data on the Earth’s
subsurface by measuring variations in
physical properties.

Conducted using low-flying helicopters or light
airplanes fly in a grid pattern, with measuring
instruments mounted on the aircraft or towed
underneath or behind.

Answer 7

Airborne Geophysical
Survey

Question 8

measures the gravity
field.

Answer 8

gravimeter

Question 9

These surveys are sensitive enough to detect minute
changes in the field, and they can understand and
map the locations of various rocks or geological
formations with varying densities.

Answer 9

Gravity Geophysical
Survey

Question 10

It is used to map underground rock formations by tracking
vibration and analyzing how seismic waves travel through
the Earth’s subsurface.

Answer 10

Seismic Geophysical Survey

Question 11

are utilized in ground-based
seismic surveys to create a picture of the geology
beneath the surface. They are most commonly used in the
exploration of petroleum and coal.

Answer 11

Seismology fundamentals

Question 12

They’re used to analyze rock types and
geological formations, and they can also help
with resource identification. They are most
commonly used in metallic mineral exploration.

It is used to track changes in the Earth’s
magnetic field caused by magnetic minerals.

Answer 12

Magnetic Geophysical
Survey

Question 13

It measures gamma rays, which are constantly
emitted from the Earth as a result of the
decomposition of some commonly found
radiogenic minerals.

Answer 13

Radiometric Geophysical
Survey

Question 14

It generates an
electromagnetic field and
measures changes in
conductivity in the
near-surface soil and rock in
three dimensions.

Answer 14

Electromagnetic (EM)
Survey

Question 15

It establishes an electric field in the ground and measures the chargeability and resistivity of
the region beneath the surface of the Earth.

Used to detect differences in resistivity caused
by aquifers, metallic minerals, and other rock
types.

Answer 15

Induced Polarization (IP)
Survey