Explosives

Question 1

What was the explosive case in Winnipeg?

Answer 1

a suspicious item was found in a Centennial neighbourhood with a blinking red light and visible wires with some smoke coming from it

Question 2

at what time was the scene cleared in Winnipeg? and how?

Answer 2

12:30 by a bomb robot.

Question 3

What is an explosive?

Answer 3

an explosive is any chemical compound or mechanical mixture that, when subjected to heat, impact, friction, detonation, or other suitable initiation, undergoes rapid chemical change, evolving large volumes of highly heated gases that exert pressure on surrounding medium

Question 4

what gases are typical in explosives?

Answer 4

nitrogen or carbon dioxide

Question 5

what three things does an explosion need?

Answer 5

fuel, oxidation, and an ignition source

Question 6

What type of explosive is critical priority to law enforcement and national security?

Answer 6

IEDs or Improvised Explosive Devices

Question 7

what are commonly used explosive fillers for IEDs?

Answer 7

firearm propellants and consumer fireworks

Question 8

define homemade explosives.

Answer 8

easily created explosives using household items

Question 9

define a shock to an explosive.

Answer 9

this means heat, impact, friction, detonation, or other suitable initiation

Question 10

what does the historical development of explosives mean? Why should we know this?

Answer 10

this is finding the legal and illegal uses of the explosives. we should know this because we can deal with things appropriately.

Question 11

What kind of explosive is TATP

Answer 11

primary high explosive

Question 12

What are three examples of secondary high explosives?

Answer 12

Dynamite, TNT, and ANFO

Question 13

what do we need to consider for primary high explosives?

Answer 13

websites and other documentation that describes manufacturing procedres for primary high explosives, and where these people got them from

Question 14

how do we examine secondary high explosvies?

Answer 14

physical examination, or using microscope/stereoscope to examine them.

Question 15

What does TATP stand for?

Answer 15

Triacetone triperoxide.

Question 16

what is the reactive bond of TATP? how many are there?

Answer 16

peroxide bonds, has 3

Question 17

T/F: TATP has a nitro group.

Answer 17

false

Question 18

what does TNT stand for?

Answer 18

Trinitrotoluene

Question 19

what is the most commonly used explosive in the military, industries, and mining?

Answer 19

TNT

Question 20

how many nitrile groups are there in TNT?

Answer 20

3

Question 21

what is the core structure of TNT?

Answer 21

core nitrile groups attached to the core benzene

Question 22

why is TNT valued?

Answer 22

its insensitive to shock and reduced risk of accidental detonation

Question 23

What does ANFO mean?

Answer 23

Ammonium nitrate/fuel oil

Question 24

where is ANFO used?

Answer 24

coal mining, quarrying, metal mining, quarrying, and civil construction

Question 25

what kind of agent is ANFO

Answer 25

oxidizing agent which is absorbant for fuel

Question 26

what are the functional groups of ANFO?

Answer 26

NH4+ and NO3-

Question 27

T/F: ANFO is used by itself.

Answer 27

false you need to soak it in fuel

Question 28

what is the percentage of fuel oil in ANFO?

Answer 28

6%

Question 29

T/F: you can easily access ANFO

Answer 29

true

Question 30

what is a historical incident of ANFO?

Answer 30

Oklahoma city bombing

Question 31

what is a historical incident of TATP?

Answer 31

2005 bombings in London

Question 32

T/F: you will identify unused explosives for counterterrorism and public security.

Answer 32

true

Question 33

in airports what is used to find explosive traces in the field?

Answer 33

dogs, and portable devices

Question 34

what does CERL mean?

Answer 34

canadian explosives research laboratory

Question 35

T/F: CERL is the only Canadian government laboratory

Answer 35

true

Question 36

what does CERL do?

Answer 36

explosive testing, analysis, certification, and research related to explosives and their components.

Question 37

what is the most common identification and differentiation method of commercial and military explosives?

Answer 37

Mass spectrometry, and GCMS over and over

Question 38

what is the explosive database name?

Answer 38

Forensic Substance Database on Explosives

Question 39

___ out of ___ samples of explosives were differentiated.

Answer 39

36/41 - not bad but not perfect

Question 40

What was the date of the Oklahoma city bombing?

Answer 40

April 19, 1995

Question 41

explain the Oklahoma City Bombing.

Answer 41

a truck bomb exploded in front of the Alfred P. Murrah federal building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Question 42

what bomb was used in the Oklahoma City bombing?

Answer 42

improvised ammonium nitrate fertilizer, diesel fuel, and nitromethane

Question 43

how many people were killed during the Oklahoma City Bombing?

Answer 43

169

Question 44

T/F: there were a lot of interviews done for the Oklahoma City Bombing

Answer 44

true like 28,000 (don't need to know but just a lot)

Question 45

how many people were killed in the London Bombings?

Answer 45

52 people

Question 46

what explosive was used during the London bombing?

Answer 46

IEDs and TATP

Question 47

what is the scene approach to trace explosive investigation?

Answer 47

scene assessment; search and sample; evidence collection/packaging; field analysis; evidence transport

Question 48

what is the laboratory approach to trace explosive investigation?

Answer 48

lab reception; storage; initial examination and analysis; sampling and chemical analysis

Question 49

what is the report approach to trace explosive investigation?

Answer 49

interpretation and reporting

Question 50

How do you collect explosion evidence

Answer 50

airtight containers for solid items

Question 51

can you use plastic bags to collect explosive evidence?

Answer 51

no

Question 52

what is a substrate control?

Answer 52

uncontaminated control sample

Question 53

what are the standards for explosive related evidence?

Answer 53

terminology, intact explosives, and explosive residues

Question 54

what will the standard for explosive related evidence cause?

Answer 54

increased uniformity and consistency of language in communications among users, minimizing the potential for misinterpretations and misunderstandings

Question 55

what are the challenges with post-blast analysis?

Answer 55

- issues with finding representative sampling since the amount of sample available may be very small - composition changes from one case to another and different matrices can be quite complex - explosion is a non-controlled and heterogenous phenomenon - identification, and interpretation problems - other evidence may be compromised