export_musculoskeletal i

Question 1

Order of MSK exam

Answer 1

Inspection
ROM

Muscle strength
Reflexes/neuro

Special tests

Palpation

Question 2

Joint locking or crepitus suggests

Answer 2

Meniscal injury

Question 3

Give-way injury suggests

Answer 3

Ligamentous or meniscal injury

Question 4

Weakness suggests

Answer 4

Neurological, myopathy, tendinopathy, muscle injury

Question 5

Clicking, popping, tearing sensation suggests

Answer 5

Soft tissue injury or tear

Question 6

Tremor, spasm, weakness suggests

Answer 6

Neurological or muscle injury

Question 7

MSK ROS

Answer 7

Numbness, tingling, weakness
Incontinence or changes in bowel or bladder function

Weight loss

Night time pain

Question 8

Tendonitis

Answer 8

Inflammation of the tendon

Question 9

Tendinosis

Answer 9

Degeneration of a tendon

Question 10

Tenosynovitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the sheath of a tendon

Question 11

Tendinopathy

Answer 11

Disease of a tendon, often painful overuse tendon condition

Question 12

Tremor

Answer 12

Involuntary, somewhat rhythmic, muscle movement involving oscillations of one or more body parts

Question 13

Spasticity

Answer 13

Velocity dependent resistance to muscle stretch

Neurological impairment

Question 14

Strain

Answer 14

Trauma to a muscle

Question 15

Sprain

Answer 15

Trauma to a ligament

Question 16

Arthritis

Answer 16

Joint inflammation

Question 17

Arthrosis

Answer 17

Joint degeneration

Question 18

Arthralgia

Answer 18

Joint pain

Question 19

Arthropathy

Answer 19

Disease of a joint

Question 20

Bursitis

Answer 20

Inflammation of the bursa

Question 21

Crepitus

Answer 21

Crunching or grating sound
Degenerative bony changes “bone on bone”

Inflammation of tendon sheaths

Question 22

When testing ROM, which is first?

Answer 22

Assess active (patient-controlled) first
Assess passive (physician-controlled) second

Question 23

What are the two red flags in resistance testing?

Answer 23

Pain

Weakness

Question 24

What kinds of weakness are there and what do they suggest?

Answer 24

Smooth weakness - neurological

Break-away weakness - MSK problem

Question 25

MSK exam for C5

Answer 25

Elbow flexion and shoulder abductors

Question 26

MSK exam for C6

Answer 26

Wrist extensors

Question 27

MSK exam for C7

Answer 27

Elbow extensors

Question 28

MSK exam for C8

Answer 28

Long finger flexor

Question 29

MSK exam for T1

Answer 29

Finger abductors

Question 30

MSK exam for L2

Answer 30

Hip flexors

Question 31

MSK exam for L3

Answer 31

Knee extensors

Question 32

MSK exam for L4

Answer 32

Ankle dorsiflexors

Question 33

MSK exam for L5

Answer 33

Long toe extensors

Question 34

MSK exam for S1

Answer 34

Ankle plantar flexors

Question 35

Muscle strength grade 0

Answer 35

No evidence of movement

Question 36

Muscle strength grade 1

Answer 36

Trace movement

Question 37

Muscle strength grade 2

Answer 37

Full ROM with gravity eliminated

Question 38

Muscle strength grade 3

Answer 38

Full ROM against gravity, but not against resistance

Question 39

Muscle strength grade 4

Answer 39

Full ROM against gravity and against resistance, but weak

Question 40

Muscle strength grade 5

Answer 40

Full ROM against gravity and against resistance, full strength

Question 41

Special tests for MSK evaluation

Answer 41

Ligaments - elongate and push/pull bones Joint surfaces - rub them against each other to assess for pain Cartilages - gently squeeze them between bones, look at ROM

Question 42

Trendelenburg sign

Answer 42

Unaffected hip drops down with gait | Other hip held up as a result of weakness in hip abductors

Question 43

Signs indicating osteoarthritis

Answer 43

Heberden's node | Bouchard's node

Question 44

Signs indicating rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 44

Swan-neck deformity | Boutonniera deformity

Question 45

Straight leg raise

Answer 45

Flex pt's hip to see if there is any impinging on a nerve

Question 46

Bragard's test

Answer 46

If straight leg raise is positive, lower the leg until pain goes away, then dorsiflex foot If this causes pain, then it's a nerve impinging problem

Question 47

Gibbus

Answer 47

Sharp, angular deformity associated with collapsed vertebra due to atherosclerosis

Question 48

Goniometer

Answer 48

Apparatus to measure joint movements and angles