EXS 417 Exam 1

Question 1

What are the 3 parts of the bone?

Answer 1

Diaphysis, Epiphysis, Periosteum

Question 2

The Shaft of the bone is known as the

Answer 2

Diaphysis

Question 3

What are the ends of long bones called?

Answer 3

Epiphysis

Question 4

What are the outer tissues covering the bone known as?

Answer 4

Periosteum

Question 5

What is a joint?

Answer 5

Union or articulation of two bones

Question 6

What do all joints have

Answer 6

Synovial fluid
Articulating cartilage
Ligaments
Joint Capsules
Muscles

Question 7

as stress is applied to the lateral ankle during plantar flexion and inversion, which ligament is the first to suffer damage

Answer 7

anterior talofibular

Question 8

a type of foot fracture that may require surgery and occuries to a specific area of the tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal is known as

Answer 8

jones fracture

Question 9

infection becomes apparent in

Answer 9

2-7 days

Question 10

ecchymosis means

Answer 10

black and blue discoloration

Question 11

the specialized band of tissue on the plantar surface of the foot that provides support for the longitudinal arch is known as

Answer 11

plantar fascia

Question 12

the primary support for the medial longitudinal arch is the_____ ligament and is assisted by the

Answer 12

calcaneonavicular(spring)/ posterior tib

Question 13

inversion and eversion movements primarily take place at the____ joint

Answer 13

subtalor joint

Question 14

which kind of healing method does a warm whirlpool utilize

Answer 14

convection

Question 15

the membrane covering of the bone that can be bruised from a hard blow is called the

Answer 15

periosteum

Question 16

what type of wound has the greatest danger of infection

Answer 16

puncture

Question 17

which muscle is a dorsi flexor at the ankle joint

Answer 17

anterior tibialis

Question 18

what is a vascular reaction to cold that results in a white, red, or blue discoloration of the extremities

Answer 18

raynaud’s syndrome

Question 19

fungi are groups of organisms that include yeast and molds. the common name for “ring worm” is known as

Answer 19

tinea

Question 20

ligament fibers that are microscopically injured are classified as a

Answer 20

mild (Grade 1) sprain

Question 21

the beginning of the acute phase of injury involves_______ of the blood vessels, lasting from a few seconds to as long as 10 minutes immediately post injury

Answer 21

vasoconstriction

Question 22

the process whereby leukocytes ingest dead cells and infectious agents know as

Answer 22

phagocytosis

Question 23

hyperextension of sprain of the MTP joint of the great toe is called

Answer 23

turf toe

Question 24

allergic reactions to plants, chemicals, and materials that may cause the skin to become red, swollen, and itchy is known as

Answer 24

contact dermatitis

Question 25

application of ice immediately following an injury will produce the following effects

Answer 25

cold, burning, aching, numbness

Question 26

the skin lesion that is caused by a dormant chicken pox virus infection and is aggravated by stress is know as:

Answer 26

herpes zoster (shingles)

Question 27

the deadliest form of skin cancer is called

Answer 27

melanoma

Question 28

a syndesmotic or "high ankle sprain" causes a spreading of the joint and will involve injury to the______ ligament(s) that connect the lower leg bones, along with the interosseous membrane

Answer 28

Post/Ant Tib-Fib Ligaments

Question 29

when icing a hamstring, which of the following will produce a deeper cold

Answer 29

ice bag

Question 30

the deepest method of producing heating therapy would be

Answer 30

ultrasound

Question 31

when wrapping an injured ankle with ice and elastic bandage, it is important to wrap in order to encourage swelling

Answer 31

from the base of the toes toward the heart

Question 32

therapeutic agents that enhance tissue healing while reducing pain and discomfort are called

Answer 32

modalities

Question 33

the two joint muscle that flexes the knee and plantar flexes the ankle is known as the

Answer 33

gastrocnemius

Question 34

you notice that your patient/client/athlete is showing signs of over-training. which would not be an appropriate why to treat it

Answer 34

abrupt cessation of training

Question 35

a moist heat pack offers what type of heat therapy

Answer 35

superficial

Question 36

your recommendations for rehabing an inversion ankle sprain would include________ to allow greater range of motion into dorsiflexion

Answer 36

strengthen the gastroc and soleus

Question 37

one type of Blood bourne pathogen discussed was______ this pathogen affects the _______ system

Answer 37

HIV, the Immune system

Question 38

what US government agency regulates blood bourne pathogens concerns

Answer 38

OSHA

Question 39

Signs of Staph infection

Answer 39

pimples/boils and redness/puss

Question 40

three methods of prevent staph infection

Answer 40

don't share towels antibiotics wearing clean clothes

Question 41

list three major phases of the healing process for soft tissue

Answer 41

inflammatory response fibroblastic repair maturation

Question 42

List the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 42

heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function

Question 43

list 3 physiological signs that a person may demonstrate following a serious long term injury

Answer 43

fear anger denial

Question 44

an elderly athlete has sustained a "tennis leg" type injury and has been using cryotherapy as treatment. he has no swelling and minimal point tenderness. the athlete want to switch modalities, what is another type of treatment that you would recommend that he applies at home during this phase and why?

Answer 44

implement a stretching program because loosening up the muscles that may cause tightness can help alleviate pain. or wearing insoles or a heel lift to fix faulty walking patterns

Question 45

a 45 year old fitness club member was playing basketball. he stated that he felt a pop as he went up for a rebound in his lower calf without getting hit. what injury do you suspect? list two sure tests that can be done to support the suspected injury

Answer 45

achilles tendon rupture thompson test testing ROM ankle dorsiflexion at least 20 degrees

Question 46

an individual you are training plays soccer three times a week and complains she has shin splints. she states that the pain comes and goes but the pain is most intense during activity. she also notices a decrease in sensation to the dorsum(top) of her foot and feels as though she has weak flexion and eversion of her ankle. what condition do you believe is present and what is an appropriate evaluation. how do you explain this to the athlete.

Answer 46

she has chronic anterior compartment syndrome, which is Pressure in the shins that increases with activity, decreases after activity. he compartment becomes compressed, pushing muscle, nerves, and blood vessels to the bone from the increases in fluids. common in runners and soccer players

Question 47

an individual you are training is a 35-year old avid runner. she complains of pain to the sole of her foot and noticeable has pain the morning with her first getting out of bed. once she has started her day the pain goes away. what may be the injury based on the history and why.

Answer 47

plantar fasciitis it is most common in runner, Pain when getting out of bed and stepping to the floor the plantar fascia goes from a position of no pressure/stretch to bearing your whole body weight which forces the plantar fascia to stretch beyond what it has previously been accustomed to

Question 48

Tom, Dick and Harry

Answer 48

tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus