Extension

Question 1

What is an X ray

Answer 1

A high energy em wave that gets absorbed by dense materials

Question 2

What are ultrasound scans used for

Answer 2

Breaking kidney stones
Pre-natal scanning
Measuring speed of blood flow

Question 3

What is radiation

Answer 3

Energy from a source

Question 4

What affects intensity of radiation

Answer 4

Distance and what it passes through

Question 5

What is refraction

Answer 5

A change in direction and speed

Question 6

What do converging lenses do

Answer 6

Make parallel rays bend towards the focal point

Question 7

What type of image does a diverging lens make

Answer 7

Virtual

Question 8

How do your correct short sight

Answer 8

Diverging lenses

Question 9

How do you correct long sight

Answer 9

Converging lens

Question 10

What is smells law

Answer 10

N = sin(angle of incidence) / sin(angle of refraction)

Question 11

What is total internal reflection

Answer 11

Angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle all light is internally reflected

Question 12

In optical fibres why must it be narrow

Answer 12

To keep angles above critical angle

Question 13

Equation of kinetic energy

Answer 13

Electronic charge x accelerating potential difference

Question 14

Why are x rays dangerous

Answer 14

Ionise loving cells

Question 15

What is the inverse square relationship

Answer 15

If you move twice as far from the source it is spread 4 times the area

Question 16

What is a fluoroscope

Answer 16

A device that uses X rays and a fluorescent screen to obtain moving pictures of the inside of the body

Question 17

What happens when the heart beats

Answer 17

An action potential passes through the atria making them contact, soon after another passes through the ventricles making them contract

Question 18

What records action potentials

Answer 18

Electrocardiograph

Question 19

Equation for heart rate

Answer 19

Frequency (Hz) = 1 / time period

Question 20

What does a pacemaker do

Answer 20

Keeps the heart beating steadily using small electrical impulses to stimulate the heart beat

Question 21

What does a pulse oximetry do

Answer 21

Measures the amount of oxygen carried by haemoglobin in the blood

Question 22

How does a pulse oximeter

Answer 22

Has a transmitter which emits two beams of red light and a photo detected to measure light
As the beams pass through some of the light is absorbed by the blood reducing the amount of light seen by the detector

Question 23

What is alpha

Answer 23

Helium nucleus
Slow and heavy
Strongly ionising

Question 24

What is beta

Answer 24

An electron
Light and fast
Moderately ionising

Question 25

What is gamma

Answer 25

Em radiation No mass Weak

Question 26

What will make a nucleus unstable

Answer 26

Too many neutrons Too few neutrons Too much energy

Question 27

What is unstable about a nucleus above the curve

Answer 27

Too many neutrons

Question 28

What happens when there are too many neutrons

Answer 28

Beta minus decay | Protons number increase by one

Question 29

What happens when there are to few neutrons

Answer 29

Beta plus decay | Protons number decreases by one

Question 30

What happens when there is too much energy in a nucleus

Answer 30

Gamma radiation emitted

Question 31

Charge of an up quark

Answer 31

2/3

Question 32

Relative mass of an up quark

Answer 32

1/3

Question 33

Relative charge of a down quark

Answer 33

-1/3

Question 34

Relative mass of a down quark

Answer 34

1/3

Question 35

What makes a good tracer

Answer 35

Beta and gamma | Short half life

Question 36

How do PET scans diagnose illness

Answer 36

Given glucose with a positron emitting isotope | Where there is a cancer cell the glucose is used faster causing annihilation which is seen by the scanner

Question 37

What is internal radiation therapy

Answer 37

Radioactive material is placed near the tumour which gives a high dose to a small part of the body

Question 38

How does external radiation therapy work

Answer 38

Gamma rays carefully focused at the tumour but damage can be done to healthy cells but has many side effects