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PMP 102 Drugs & Medicines > External formulation > Flashcards

External formulation Flashcards

1
Q

Common Ailments Service

A
  • Acne
  • Athletes foot
  • Backache (acute)
  • Chickenpox
  • Cold sores
  • Colic
  • Conjunctivitis (bacterial)
  • Constipation
  • Dermatitis (acute)

More but example (most are topical creams

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2
Q

What to recommend for

Ringworm

A
  • Lamisil AT 1% Gel
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3
Q

What to recommend for

Acne vulgaris

A

Acneside Gel

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4
Q

What to recommend for

Psoriasis and Eczema

A
  • Oilatum Emollient
  • Hydrocortisone
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5
Q

What to recommend for

Pruritus

A

Eurax

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6
Q

What to recommend for

Headlice

A

Hedrin scalp shampoo

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7
Q

What to recommend for

Pubic lice and Scabies

A

Lyclear

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8
Q

What to recommend for

Cold sores

A

Zovirax

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9
Q

What to recommend for

Warts, verrucas, Corns & calluses

A

Bazuka

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10
Q

What to recommend for

Hair loss

A

Regaine

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11
Q

What to recommend for

Dandruff

A

Nizoral - for tough dandruff

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12
Q

What to recommend for

Moles & melanoma

A

Sunscreen

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13
Q

Symptoms

Ringworm

A
  • Rash
  • Scaly, dry, swollen or itchy
  • Red, silver or darker than surrounding skin
  • Appear anywhere on the body, including the scalp and groin
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14
Q

Treatment for ringworm

A
  • Lamisil AT 1% gel, Lamisil Once
  • Fungicidal
  • Binds to keratin – prevents re-infection
  • 1-2 weeks treatment
  • 18 years only
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15
Q

Symptoms

Acne vulgaris

A
  • Spots, oily skin, hot/painful to touch e.g. blackheads and white heads
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16
Q

Treatment for Acne vulgaris

A

Acneside gel
Antibacterial & removes dead skin cells
Start on lower strengths
Irritation, burning, bleach clothing
Over 12 years old
Pregnancy suitable

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17
Q

Symptoms

Ezema

A
  • Skin becoming itchy, dry, cracked and sore
  • Can be small patches of dry skin or large spread and inflammed looks red
18
Q

Symptoms

Psoriasis

A
  • Red flaky patches of skin with silvery scales
  • Can appear on elbows knees scalp and lower back
  • Can be itchy and sore
19
Q

Eczema & Psoriasis Treatment

A
  • Moisturising creams applied directly to the skin to soothe and hydrate it
  • Cover the skin with a protective film to trap in moisture
  • Lotions for hairy and damaged areas of skin
  • Sprays - Hard to reach areas of sore and infected skin
  • Ointment - think hard dry skin
  • Creams in the daytime
20
Q

Steroidal creams for psoriosis and eczema

A
  • reduces redness swelling and inflammation cannot use on open wound
  • Mild - Hydrocortisone 0.1-2.5%
  • Moderate - Clobetasone butyrate
  • Potent - Betamethasone valerate 0.1%
  • Very potent - Clobetasol propionate
21
Q

Symptoms

Pruritus

A
  • Itchy skin from insect bits that irritate the skin
  • Serious cases could turn into Psoriasis, eczema, scabies
22
Q

Treatment for Pruritus

A
  • Eurax
  • Apply to the affected area 2-3 times daily
  • Provides relief from irritation for 6 to 10 hours after each application
23
Q

Symptoms

Head lice

A
  • Like something is moving in you hair
  • Small insects, up to 3 mm long
  • Head lice eggs (nits) are brown or white (empty shells) and attached to the hair
24
Q

Treatment

Head lice

A
  • Combing their hair with a special fine-toothed comb
  • Hedrin (Dimeticone 4% lotion)
  • Left on hair for a minimum of 8 hours or overnight
    Repeat after 7 days
25
Q

Hedrin

A
  • Only has one excipient Cyclomethicone 5 which is a viscosity agent
26
Q

Symptoms

Pubic lice

A
  • Itchingin the affected areas, especially at night
  • Inflammation caused by scratching
  • Tiny insects thatlive on coarse human body hair, such aspubic hair
  • Black powder in your underwear
  • Blue spots or small spots of blood on your skin, such as on your thighs or lower abdomen
27
Q

Treatment

Scabies

A
  • Intense itching, especially at night, with a raised rash or spots
  • Tiny mites lay eggs in the skin, leaving lines with a dot at one then rash appears starts between fingers
  • Rash may spread and turn into tiny spots
  • leave dark spots in skin that is brown and black
28
Q

Treatment

Pubic lice

A
  • Permethrin - Lyclear
  • Applied to cover the pubic region, inner thighs down to the knees and any hair that grows up from the pubic area to the chest/stomach
  • Left on the skin for 24 hours, after which the treatment areas should be washed thoroughly
29
Q

Treatment

Scabies

A
  • Applied to the whole body including the neck, palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
  • On application, the areas between the fingers and toes the wrists, elbows, armpits, external genitalia and the buttocks should be especially carefully treated
  • Washed thoroughly 8 – 12 hours after treatment
30
Q

Symptoms

Cold sore

A
  • Starts with a tingling, itching or burning feeling, small fluid-filled blisters appear
  • The blisters can appear anywhere on the face
  • Can burst and scab over
  • Herpes simplex viruses (HSV)
31
Q

Treatment

Cold sores

A
  • Aciclovir (brand Zovirax)
  • Applied five times daily at approximately four hourly intervals, omitting the night time application
32
Q

Symptoms

Warts

A
  • Feel firm and rough
  • Appear on palms, knuckles, knees and fingers
    Skin coloured but may appear darker on dark skin
33
Q

Symptoms

Verrucas

A

Appear on feet
Tiny black dots under the hard skin.
Some warts are round, flat and can be yellow (plane warts), can have many
Clusters of warts, spread over an area of skin (mosaic warts) are common on feet and hands

34
Q

Symptoms

Corns

A

Small lumps of hard skin

35
Q

Symptoms

Calluses

A

Larger patches of rough, thick skin

36
Q

Treatment

Corns and calluses

A
  • Salicylic acid and lactic acid
  • Soak area in warm water & towel dry prior to application
  • File area
  • Side effects: local skin irritation
  • Pregnancy – OK
  • Diabetics – Avoid
  • Bazuka
  • Apply once daily
37
Q

Pattern boldness

A
  • Permenant hair loss runs in the family
  • An illness
  • Stress
  • Cancer treatment
  • Weight loss
  • Iron deficiency
38
Q

Treatment

Hair loss

A
  • 5% for men and 2% for women
  • Increases blood flow to hair follicles to stimulate growth
  • Solution (age 18-65) and foam (age 18-49)
  • Apply 1 mL twice or 1 g twice daily for foam
  • Only works whilst using medicine
39
Q

Symptoms

Dandruff

A
  • White or grey flakes of skin appear on the scalp and in the hair
  • Chronic relapsing non-inflammatory hyperproliferative skin condition
  • Increased cell turnover
  • Possible association with overgrowth of yeast fungus
40
Q

Treatment

Moles and melanoma

A
  • Appearance of a newmole or a change in an existing mole
  • Irregular shape and are more than 1 colour
  • Most commonly affected areas arethe back in men and the legs in women
  • Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can spread to other organs in the body
  • Uncommon in areas that are protected from sun exposure, such as the buttocks and the scalp
  • May be larger than normal and can sometimes be itchy or bleed

PMP 102 Drugs & Medicines (56 decks)

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