EXTRA Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are the three levels of business strategy?
- Functional: Focuses on efficiency in tasks a company already does (e.g., cut costs, increase productivity).
- Business: Focuses on how to compete in a specific industry using core competencies (e.g., Costco’s bulk pricing).
- Corporate: Focuses on expanding into new industries or markets (e.g., Honda expanding from motorcycles to planes).
What are the components of Schein’s Organizational Culture model?
- Artifacts: Visible parts of the culture like dress code, office layout.
- Espoused values: What the company says it believes in (e.g., mission statements).
- Basic assumptions: Deep, often unconscious beliefs that truly drive behavior.
What are the five types of power according to French and Raven?
- Reward Power – giving rewards to influence behavior.
- Coercive Power – using threats or punishments.
- Legitimate Power – based on a formal position or title.
- Expert Power – comes from knowledge or skill.
- Referent Power – comes from charisma or admiration.
What are the five methods of conflict management?
- Competing – win/lose, one party dominates.
- Avoiding – ignoring the conflict.
- Accommodating – letting the other party win.
- Compromising – both parties give something up.
- Collaborating – both parties get what they want.
What are the main elements of the value creation cycle in strategy?
Strategy
Core competencies
Competitive advantage
Ability to obtain resources
What are Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions?
Power - acceptance of inequities
Uncertainty - preference for stability vs. risk-taking
Social - preference for individual vs. collective action
Goal - assertiveness, dominance vs. relevance, coop
Time - focus on future vs. focus on present
Indulgence - life is good
What are the main methods of control in organizations?
- Process Control – aligning goals and procedures.
- Agency Control – monitoring via owners and managers.
- Market Control – using external forces like competition.
- Bureaucratic Control – rules, policies, regulations.
- Clan Control – shared values and culture.
What are the four types of decision-making models?
- Rational: Logical evaluation of all options—ideal but unrealistic.
- Carnegie (bounded rationality): Make the best decision within limits.
- Incremental: Small steps in a stable environment.
- Unstructured: Brainstorming in unpredictable conditions.
What are the stages of conflict?
- Latent – potential conflict exists.
- Perceived – one party sees the conflict.
- Felt – emotional involvement begins.
- Manifest – conflict is openly expressed.
- Resolution – solution is implemented.
- Aftermath – consequences of the conflict.
What are the types of HR selection tests?
- Application Forms – basic information.
- Reference Checks – verify history.
- Cognitive Tests – mental abilities.
- Physical Tests – fitness, strength.
- Personality Tests – traits, fit.
- Interviews – assess interpersonal skills.
What are the three pillars of DEI?
- Diversity – variety of people in the organization.
- Equity – fair access to opportunities and resources.
- Inclusion – creating a welcoming, respectful environment.
What are the benefits of DEI in the workplace?
- More perspectives = better decisions.
- Reduces biases and stereotypes.
- Improves service to diverse customers.
- Increases employee satisfaction and loyalty.
- May increase conflict due to different views, but this can drive innovation.
