extra gingival disease Flashcards
Bacterial origin
(a) Neisseriagonorrhoeae
(b) Treponemapallidum
(c) Mycobacteriumtuberculosis
(d) Streptococcal gingivitis
Viral origin
(a) Coxsackie virus (hand-foot-and-mouth disease)
(b) Herpes simplex I & II (primary or recurrent)
(c) Varicella zoster (chicken pox & shingles – V nerve)
(d) Molluscum contagiosum
(e) Human papilloma virus (squamous cell papilloma;
condyloma acuminatum; verruca vulgaris; focal
epithelial hyperplasia)
Fungal origin
(a) Candidosis
(b) Other mycoses,
C. Inflammatory and immune conditions
i. Hypersensitivity reactions
(a) Contact allergy
(b) Plasma cell gingivitis
(c) Erythema multiforme
ii. Autoimmune diseases of skin and mucous membranes
(a) Pemphigus vulgaris
(b) Pemphigoid
(c) Lichen planus
(d) Lupus erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosis
Discoid lupus erythematosis
iii. Granulomatous inflammatory lesions (orofacial granulomatoses)
(a) Crohn’s disease
(b) Sarcoidosis
D. Reactive processes
i. Epulides
(a) Fibrous epulis
(b) Calcifying fibroblastic granuloma
(c) Vascular epulis (pyogenic granuloma)
(d) Peripheral giant cell granuloma
E. Neoplasms
i. Premalignancy
(a) Leukoplakia
(b) Erythroplakia
ii. Malignancy
(a) Squamous cell carcinoma
(b) Leukemic cell infiltration
(c) Lymphoma
Hodgkin Non-Hodgkin
F. Endocrine, nutritional & metabolic diseases
i. Vitamin deficiencies
(a) Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy)
G. Traumatic lesions
. Physical/mechanical trauma
(a) Frictional keratosis
(b) Mechanically induced gingival ulceration
(c) Factitious injury (self-harm)
ii. Chemical (toxic) burn
iii. Thermal insults
Burns to gingiva
H. Gingival pigmentation
i. Melanoplakia
ii. Smoker’s melanosis
iii. Drug-induced pigmentation (antimalarials, minocycline)
iv. Amalgam tattoo
A. Genetic/developmental disorders
i. Hereditary gingival fibromatosis
