extra psycho

Question 1

to which element of affective events is the autonomic nervous system linked?

what are the other 2 elements?

Answer 1

affective events have a physiological, a behavioural and an affective component

> the autonomic nervous system is linked to the physiological component

Question 2

where is the ANS located?

Answer 2

ANS: connections between

> the limbic brain

> hypothalamus

> nuclei in the brain stem and spinal chord

Question 3

3 examples of laboratory conditions interesting for psychophysiological experiments

Answer 3

1. emotionally valenced words/pictures
2. fear or anger inducing tasks
3. challenging cognitive tasks

> ego threat

Question 4

what are 2 pathways of autonomic control of the heart?

Answer 4

1. PNS

> medulla > vagus nerve/brake > sinoatrial node (pacemaker)

2. SNS

> spinal chord (sympathetic chain” > muscle of left ventricle

Question 5

what is “accentuated antagonism”?

Answer 5

accentuated antagonism: interactive effects between sympathetic and parasympathetic control

Question 6

heart rate depends on what 3 factors?

Answer 6

heart rate depends on

1. intrinsic heart rate
2. sympathetic activity
3. parasympathetic activity

Question 7

what are differences in skin conductance in high/low arousal states?

Answer 7

in high arousal

1. overall increase of skin conductance level
2. frequency nonspecific skin conduction responses increases
3. ampliture stimulus induced skin conduction responses increases

Question 8

what happens to the HPV when given a pharmacological blocker of cardiac PNS activity?

how is this measured?

Answer 8

the HPV goes down

> measured through the pNN50

pNN50: percentage of normal-to-normal intervals deviating more than 50ms

Question 9

what is “large scale ensemble averaging”?

Answer 9

large scale ensemble averaging:

> compare data from similar activity levels

> e.g. sitting/deskwork only, or walking/talking on the phone only

Question 10

on dz/dt wave:

which points PEP?

which points LVET?

Answer 10

PEP: from Q to B

LVET: from B to X

Question 11

what happens with heart rate during

1. inhalation
2. exhalation?

magnitude of this effect reflects what?

Answer 11

inhalation: vagus brake is not applied

> heart rate accelerates

exhalation: vagus brake is applied

> heart rate decelerates

the magnitude of this effect reflects PNS activity