Extraction Techniques

Question 1

solvent used for extraction

Answer 1

Menstruum

Question 2

Preparations containing all the constituents which are soluble in the solvent; contain the active ingredient in concentrated form

Answer 2

Extracts

Question 3

Method of removing active constituents from a solid or liquid by means of liquid solvent

Answer 3

Extraction

Question 4

Mixture of both extracted material and solvent of extraction

Answer 4

Micelle

Question 5

solid, insoluble residue that remains or is left behind after extraction

Answer 5

Marc

Question 6

Types of extracts

Answer 6

1. Aqueous extracts
2. Hydroalcoholic or alcoholic extracts
3. Soft extracts
4. Dry extracts

Question 7

Factors affecting extraction efficiency

Answer 7

1. Properties of extraction solvent
2. Particle size of the raw materials
3. Solvent-to-solid ratio
4. Extraction temperature
5. Extraction duration

Question 8

Factors to consider in selecting extraction solvent

Answer 8

Selectivity
Safety
Cost
Solubility
Reactivity
Recovery
Viscosity
Boiling temperature

Question 9

Extraction methods

Answer 9

Maceration
Infusion
Percolation
Decoction
Reflux extraction
Soxhlet extraction
Distillation and steam distillation
Pressurized liquid extraction
Supercritical fluid extraction
Ultrasound assisted extraction
Microwave assisted extraction
Pulsed electric field extraction
Enzyme assisted extraction

Question 10

Factors to consider in choosing extraction method

Answer 10

Stability to heat
Nature of solvent
Duration of extraction
Final volume required
Intended use