Eye 1

Question 1

Structure of the eye

Answer 1

External structure
Internal structure
Refractive media

Question 2

External structure

Answer 2

Eyebrow eyelid eyelashes sclera cornea
Lacrimal apparatuses
Extraocular muscle

Question 3

Internal structure

Answer 3

Iris
Lens
Ciliary body
Choroid
Retina

Question 4

Refractive media

Answer 4

Cornea
Acqueous humour
Vitreous humour
Lens

Question 5

Assess ment and evaluation of vision

Answer 5

Ocular history
Visual acuity
Finger count or hand motion

Question 6

Visual acuity

Answer 6

Snellen chart
Recorded for each eye
6/6 means the patient can read thr 6 line at the distance of 6 meters

Question 7

Examination of the eye

Answer 7

External structure

Diagnostic evaluation

Question 8

External structure

Answer 8

Assess structure
Pupillary response
Gaze and position of eyes
Eyelids

Question 9

Diagnostic evaluation

Answer 9

Oprhthamoscopy
Slit-lamp examination
Colour vision examination 
Ultrasonography
Tonometry
Amsler-grid

Question 10

Slitlamp

Answer 10

Used to view the interior of the eye

Question 11

Eye disorder

Answer 11

Extra ocular

Intraocular

Question 12

Extraocular

Answer 12

Inflammation and infection
Dry eye
Strabismus
Corneal disorder

Question 13

Intraocular disorder

Answer 13

Glaucoma
Cataract
Retinopathy 
Retinal detachment
Age-related macular degeneration

Question 14

Impaired vision

Answer 14

Refractive errors

Low vision & blindness

Question 15

Refractive errors

Answer 15

Can be corrected by lenses which focus light rays in the retina

Question 16

Types of refractive errors

Answer 16

Emmetropia
Myopia
Hyperopia
Astigmatism

Question 17

Emmetropia

Answer 17

Normal vision

Question 18

Myopia

Answer 18

Near-sightedness

Question 19

Hyperopia

Answer 19

Farsighted

Question 20

Astigmatism

Answer 20

Distortion due to irregularity of the cornea

Question 21

Non-surgical correction

Answer 21

Corrective glasses

Contact lenses

Question 22

Low m vision and blindness

Answer 22

The patients visual impairment may be profound or moderate

Yes

Question 23

Levels of low vision and blindness

Answer 23

Low vision
Legally blind
Total blindness
Partially sighted

Question 24

Glaucoma group of ocular disorders characterised by

Answer 24

Optic nerve damage
Visual field disturbance
Raised intraocular pressure

Question 25

Glaucoma meaning

Answer 25

Leading cause of blindness Normally the rate of aqueous production (inflow) and the rate if aqueous reabsorption (outflow) is balance Outflow occurs at the angle - the place where the iris meets the cornea If inflow is greater iop rises( intraocular pressure)

Question 26

Types of glaucoma

Answer 26

Open-angle glaucoma | Angle-closure glaucoma

Question 27

Open-angle glaucoma | Characteristics

Answer 27

Most common type of glaucoma Outflow of acqueous humor is decreased in trabecular meshwork Rise of iop Bilateral

Question 28

Open-angle glaucoma | Characteristics

Answer 28

No initial manifestations Halos around the light Impaired dark adaptation Gradual reduction in visual firlds with preserved central vision

Question 29

Angle -close sure glaucoma | Characteristics

Answer 29

Already narrowed angle closes, blocking aqueous flow Angle closure decreases the floe of aqueous humpr Rapid rise iop Caused by age , pupil dilation

Question 30

Angle -close sure glaucoma | Manifestation

Answer 30

``` Abrupt onset eye pain or headache Excruciating pain in or around eyes Nausea and vomiting seeing colored halos Blurred vision Ocular redness cloudy cornea Fixed pupil ```