eye

Question 1

the eye is

Answer 1

sensory organ of vision

Question 2

palpebral fissure

Answer 2

the elliptical open space between the eyelids

Question 3

the lower eyelid margin is at the ____-

Answer 3

limbus

Question 4

the corner of the eye is the _____

Answer 4

canthus

Question 5

exposed part of the eye has a transparent protective calling which is the _____

Answer 5

conjunctiva

Question 6

the palpebral conjunctiva ….

Answer 6

lines the eyelids and is clear with many small blood vessels

Question 7

tears drain into the ______

Answer 7

puncta

Question 8

4 straight (or rectus) muscles are . . .

Answer 8

superior, inferior, lateral, and medial

Question 9

2 slanting (or oblique) muscles are the . . .

Answer 9

superior and inferior

Question 10

movement of the extraocular muscles is stimulated by _________

Answer 10

3 cranial nerves

Question 11

cranial nerve VI ________ the eye

Answer 11

innervates

Question 12

cranial nerve IV __________ the eye

Answer 12

innervates superior oblique muscle

Question 13

Cranial nerve III innervates ______

Answer 13

all others; superior, inferior, medial rectus and inferior oblique

Question 14

sensitive to touch, contact with a wisp of cotton stimulates a blink in both eyes

Answer 14

cornea

Question 15

cranial nerve ___ carries the afferent sensation into the brain

Answer 15

V

Question 16

cranial nerve __ carries the efferent message that stimulates the blink

Answer 16

VII

Question 17

has dark pigmentation to prevent light from reflecting internally and is heavily vascularized to deliver blood to the retina

Answer 17

choroid

Question 18

functions as a diaphragm, varying the opening at its centre, controlling the amount of light admitted into the retina

Answer 18

iris

Question 19

size of the ____ is determined by a balance between the parasympathetic and sympathetic chains of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 19

pupil

Question 20

a transparent biconvex disc located just behind the pupil

Answer 20

lens

Question 21

posterior to the cornea and anterior to the iris and lens

Answer 21

anterior chamber

Question 22

lies behind the iris to the sides of the lens

Answer 22

posterior chamber

Question 23

the visual receptive layer of the eye in which light waves are changed into the nerve impulses

Answer 23

retina

Question 24

area in which fibres from the retina converge to form the optic nerve

Answer 24

optic disc

Question 25

normally include a paired artery and vein extending to each quadrant, growing progressively smaller in calibre as they reach periphery

Answer 25

retinal vessels

Question 26

located on the temporal side of the fundus,

Answer 26

macula

Question 27

_____ transforms the light stimulus into nerve impulses that are conducted through the optic nerve and the optic tract to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe

Answer 27

retina

Question 28

all _____ ______ collect to form the optic nerve, but they maintain this same spatial arrangement with nasal fibres running medially and temporal fibres running laterally

Answer 28

retinal fibres

Question 29

the right side of the brain looks at the _____ side of the world because _____ fibres cross over at the optic chiasm

Answer 29

left, nasal

Question 30

the normal constriction of the pupils when bright light shines on the retina

Answer 30

pupillary light reflex

Question 31

pupillary light reflex is a subcortial _________

Answer 31

reflex arc

Question 32

stimulation of the blind eye causes no response because the sensory afferent in cranial nerve ____ is ______

Answer 32

II is destroyed

Question 33

the adaptation of the eye for near vision

Answer 33

accommodation

Question 34

when visual acuity falls it is essential for nurses to assess the risk for

Answer 34

falls, social isolation, and the impact on relationships

Question 35

the leading cause of blindness in Canada, the breakdown of cells in the macula of the retina resulting in loss of central vision and area of clearest vision

Answer 35

age related macular degeneration

Question 36

lens opacity, results from a clumping of protein in the lens

Answer 36

cataract formation

Question 37

increased intraocular pressure

Answer 37

glaucoma

Question 38

leading cause of visual impairment in people younger than 65, is highest in diabetic patients with concurrent proteinuria

Answer 38

diabetic retinopathy

Question 39

medications that have ocular adverse effects

Answer 39

systemic and topical

Question 40

blind spot in the visual field surrounded by an area of normal or decreased vision, occurs with glaucoma and with disorders of optic nerve pathway

Answer 40

scotoma

Question 41

the inability to tolerate light

Answer 41

photophobia

Question 42

perception of two images of a single object

Answer 42

diplopia

Question 43

most commonly used and accurate measurement of visual acuity

Answer 43

snellen eye chart

Question 44

in the snellen eye chart exam the larger the denominator the ______ the vision

Answer 44

poorer

Question 45

if pt moves card away while reading this could be a sign of

Answer 45

presbyopia

Question 46

the confrontation test measures

Answer 46

peripheral vision

Question 47

corneal light reflex assess's the

Answer 47

parallel alignment of the eye axes by shining a light toward the pt eyes

Question 48

the cover-uncover test detects

Answer 48

small degrees of deviated alignment by interrupting the fusion reflex that normally keeps the two eyes parallel

Question 49

diagnostic positions test assess's

Answer 49

any muscle weakness by leading the eyes through six cardinal positions of gaze

Question 50

a fine oscillating movement best seen around the iris, assessed in addition to parallel movement

Answer 50

nystagmus

Question 51

PERRLA

Answer 51

Pupils are Equal, Round, Reactive to Light, and Accommodate

Question 52

red reflex with the ophthalmoscope is caused by

Answer 52

the reflection of ophthalmoscope light off the inner retina

Question 53

normal range of finding for the optic disc are

Answer 53

creamy yellow-orange to pink, round or oval, distinct and sharply demarcated

Question 54

normal range of findings for the retinal vessels include

Answer 54

a paired artery and vein pass through each quadrant, arteries are brighter red than veins, arteries and veins show a regular decrease in calibre as they extend to the periphery