Eye Flashcards
(21 cards)
When are the ocular structures organised?
6/40
When can the fetus detect bright light?
By third trimester
At birth, how far can a baby see? And what colours can babies see?
25cm away, and they are attracted by black and white and primary colours
At what age can a baby fixate it’s vision on things?
At a few hours old
What is the purpose of eye screening?
To screen for congenital cataracts
Cataracts is the most treatable cause of blindness within the first six weeks
What is cataracts?
Any opacity of the crystalline lens
What causes cataracts?
-congenital
-trauma in utero (virus exposure)
How to test for cataracts?
-red reflex test
-detected by shadow or darkness or abnormalities
Incidence of congenital cataracts
2-3:10,000
Over 50%, both eyes affected
Risk factors
-first degree relatives with congenital or childhood ocular conditions
- <1500 g
- <32/40
-genetic conditions
- maternal virus exposure
-portwine stain involving the eyelids
Retinoblastoma:
Malignant tumour
White reflex elicited
Glaucoma
Increased pressure on optic nerve
One wide pupil, watery eye and cloudy cornea
Coloboma
Gap in the iris
Aniridia
Absence of the iris
How to care for duct obstruction:
-watery and crusty eye
-clean eye with cotton wool and saline water
How to treat conjunctivitis:
Weeping, redness, swelling
-caused my chlamydia, herpes
-swab, start treatment
How to perform the red reflex test
-ophthalmoscopes light should be white and circular
-focus circle and darken the room
-hold light at arms length
-examine Left eye with your left eye and try not to close opposing eye and vice versa
Referral pathway
-if baby is healthy, refer to healthy child programme
-if CC or retinoblastoma noted, refer to neonatologist and ophthalmologist within 2 weeks
Where is cataracts surgery done?
Between 6-10 weeks
How many CC cases are referred to screening and how many are false positives
-60% are referred from screening
-9/10 are false positives
What should parents look out for?
-inability to fully open eyes-eye misalignment
-wobbling of the eye
-abnormal appearance with flash photos
