Eye Flashcards
(42 cards)
My jaw is claudicating and I can’t see! First step? 2nd step?
-High dose steroid
-biopsy temporal artery
[if you don’t the person will go blind and have a heart attack]
Why infarct in temporal arteritis makes people blind?
-Infarct of optic nerve head (posterior ciliary artery branch of ophthalmic artery) -> Altitudinal visual field loss.
Pupil light reflex nerve follows the path of the optic nerve through the optic chiasm. Name the rest of the path once it splits off?
- Pretectal olivary nucleus, then sends some fibers crossed and some uncrossed to…
- Edinger Westphal -> Eye
T/F Massive cataract that basically blinds someone will induce a Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect?
F. retinal/nerve injuries affect it. The worse the RAPD, the worse the nerve damage.
What is an Adies pupil? What’s another name for it?
- Acutely, pupil is LARGE and STUCK
- After 6 mo, it can ACCOMODATE. (because crumby regenerated parasympathetic fibers go only to ciliary m., not to iris)
- Once it constricts, it gets stuck that way for a “long time”
- also called “Light-near dissociation”
What can cause anisocoria in bright light?
- Adie’s
- Adie’s
- CN3 palsy
- Pharm (Jimson weed anticholinergic, yum yum!)- this one can be distinguished because it won’t react to miotic drugs.
What causes anisocoria in dim light?
- Horner’s
- physiologic (amt. stays the same w/ changes in light)
Papilla (tiny red vascular cores) on the palpebral conjunctiva=?
allergic/bacterial conjunctivitis
Follicles (fish eggs) on the palpebral conjunctiva=?
adenovirus or gonorrhea or chlamydia
Episcleritis is characterized by?
violaceous hue w/ ciliary injection (uveitis due to inflammation)
Keratoconjunctivitis is caused by what organism?
Chlamydia
[can lead to entropion->trichiasis->corneal blindness]
Vit A deficiency creates what eye disease
dryness & keratomalacia (melting)
In the setting of ocular trauma, when should you test visual acuity?
Give pain control then immediately get visual acuity!
Corneal abrasion: what is your tx?
-If you patch it for pain it slows healing, so give gram - abx too. If hyphema is present, avoid aspirin and iris movement.
Someone chopped/smashed their eyeball open: what is your first step?
-Get a visual acuity. (then protect eye w/ a shield and take to surgery w/ GENERAL anesthesia)
Shaken baby syndrome looks like what in the eye?
intraocular hemorrhage in multiple layers (to me it looks just like a red moon with craters everywhere)
What will you do to dx glaucoma?
gonioscopy & optic disc exam (for verticalization, enlarging, bleeding)
What will you do to tx glaucoma?
Lower eye pressure till optic disc is stable and so is vision.
Baby is born with glaucoma. How can you tell?
tearing, hate the light so squeeze eyes shut, have big eyes/cloudy cornea
What is your tx for closed angle glaucoma?
iridotomy
What is the best med for eye allergies?
Lodoxamine (antihistamine + mast cell stabilizer)
When should you use eye antibiotics? Which antibiotic?
- corneal abrasion or bacterial conjunctivitis.
- fluoroquinolone
Why would you use prostaglandins on the eye?
Up outflow of aqueous humor and long dark eyelashes (latanoprost)
What is the alpha-adrenergic agonist to use for glaucoma?
brimonidine
