eye infections

Question 1

subconjunctival hemorrhage

Answer 1

red around the eye, benign

Question 2

uveitis

Answer 2

inflammatory
autoimmune
use steroids to treat

Question 3

when to never use steroids in the eye

Answer 3

HSV infection- causes blindness

Question 4

symptoms of glaucoma

Answer 4

orbital swelling, corneal clouding, decreased vision, fixed/dilated pupil

Question 5

blepharitis

Answer 5

eyelid infection or inflammation

Question 6

dacrocystitis

Answer 6

lacrimal sac inflammation

Question 7

conjunctivitis

Answer 7

inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 8

is conjuctivitis infectious or allergic?

Answer 8

could be either

Question 9

keratitis

Answer 9

cornea inflammation

Question 10

cellulitis

Answer 10

inflammation of the skin to the subdermal tissues

Question 11

symptoms of conjuctivitis

Answer 11

tearing, burning, erythema, discharge, crusting

Question 12

what should be on the differential for possible conjunctivitis if blurry vision is present

Answer 12

uveitis, scleritis, glaucoma

Question 13

when are cervial nodes palapable with conjunctivitis?

when are they not?

Answer 13

yes with viral, chlamydial, or bacterial

no with allergic

Question 14

what kind of antibiotic is given to neonates at birth?

what does it prevent?

Answer 14

erythromycin

chlamydia and gonarrhea

Question 15

most common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis in young children

Answer 15

s. pneumoniea or H. flu

Question 16

most common cause of viral conjunctivitis

Answer 16

adenovirus (but consider HSV, HZV, and EBV)

Question 17

is MORNING crusting more common with viral or bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 17

viral

Question 18

most common corneal infection in the US

Answer 18

HSV keratitis

Question 19

what cranial nerve is affected with HSV keratitis

Answer 19

CN 5

Question 20

what drugs treat HSV keratitis

Answer 20

acyclovir and valacyclovir

Question 21

can you treat HSV keratitis with steroids?

Answer 21

not unless your an opthmology pa- timing is crucial to prevent bacterial superinfection or scarring

Question 22

what indicates eye involvement in an HZV reactivation

Answer 22

lesion at the tip of the nose- Hutchinson sign

Question 23

treatment for HZV

Answer 23

acyclovir or valacyclovir

Question 24

what cranial nerve is affected with chorioretinitis

Answer 24

CN 2

Question 25

most common causes of chorioretinitis

Answer 25

CMV and toxoplasmosis

Question 26

characteristic sign of chorioretinitis on exam

Answer 26

flame hemorrhages and patches

Question 27

which STIs cause bacterial conjunctivitis- need referral

Answer 27

N. gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 28

most common bacteria that cause bacterial conjunctivits

Answer 28

S. pneumo, S. aureus, S. epidermis, M. catarrhalis, Proteus, E. COli, Klebsiella

Question 29

is bacterial conjunctivitis most commonly unilateral or bilateral

Answer 29

unilateral initially, spreads to second eye within 24-48 hours

Question 30

when does bacterial conjunctivitis present with photophobia?

Answer 30

chlamydia

Question 31

what is the treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 31

topical antibiotics- TMP/polymixin B drops and erythromycin ointment

Question 32

when is a stat opthamology referral required for bacterial conjunctivitis?

Answer 32

If suspected gonorrhea or chlamydia

Question 33

what treatment should be given for chlamydia or gonorrhea resulting in bacterial conjuctivitis?

Answer 33

ceftriaxone AND azithromycin

Question 34

common causes of orbital cellulitis

Answer 34

staph, strep, H. flu, anaerobes, and pseudomonas. | In diabetics, often fungal- mucor or aspergillus

Question 35

what is orbital cellulitis?

Answer 35

an infection of the fat and muscles around the eye, posterior to the orbital septum. It may begin suddenly or be a result of an infection that gradually becomes worse. it is generally associated with sinus of other local infection

Question 36

what is proptosis

Answer 36

when the eyeball is pushed forward

Question 37

what is opthalmoplegia

Answer 37

paralysis or weakness of the eye muscles

Question 38

symptoms of orbital cellulitis

Answer 38

proptosis, opthalmoplegia, edema, erythema, headache, and fever

Question 39

preseptal cellulitis

Answer 39

anterior to orbital septum, usually associated with trauma, no proptosis