eye pathology

Question 1

what does retinal detachment look like on fundoscopy

Answer 1

crinkling of retinal tissue and changes in vessel direction

Question 2

non exudative deposition of yelowish extracellular material in and between bruch membrnae and retinal pigment epithelium

gradual decrease in vision

prevent progression with multivitamin and antioxidant supplemtns

Answer 2

dry: age related macular degeneration

Question 3

nonproliferative damage due to chronic hyperglycemia and treat

Answer 3

damaged caps, leak blood –> lipids and fluid seep into retina–> hemorrhages and macular edema

treat with BG control

Question 4

rapid loss of vision due to bleeding 2ndary to choroidal neovascularization

treat with anti-VEGF

Answer 4

wet age related macular degeneration

Question 5

degeneration of macula (central area of retina) that causes disortiorn and eventual loss of central vision (scotomas)

Answer 5

age related macular degeneration

Question 6

retinal detachment from what

Answer 6

retinal breaks, diabetic traction, inflamatory effusions

Question 7

aute, painless, monocular vision loss
retina is cloudy with cherry red spot at fovea
evaluate what

Answer 7

central retinal artery occlusion

evaluate for embolic sourece

Question 8

inherited retinal degen, painless, progressive vision loss beginning with night blindness (rods first)

bone spicule shaped deposits around macula

Answer 8

retinitis pigmentosa

Question 9

retinal vein occlusion is from blocakge of central or branch retinal vein due to compression from

Answer 9

nearby arterial atherosclerosis

retinal hemorrhage and venous engorgement

Question 10

proliferative diabetic retinopathy and treat

Answer 10

chronic hypoxia results in new blood vessel formation with tration on retina
treat with photocoagulation, surgery, anti-VEGF

Question 11

optic disc sweling (usually bilaterl) due to increased ICP 2ndary to mass effect

enlarged blind spot and elevated optic disc with blurred margins

Answer 11

papilledmea

Question 12

often preceded by posterior vitreous detachmetn (flahses and floaters) and eventual monocular loss of vision like a curtain drawn down

Answer 12

retinal detachment

Question 13

retinal edma and necoriss leading to scar often from virus

Answer 13

retinitis

Question 14

ranibizumab

Answer 14

VEGF inhibitor

Question 15

acute closure closed angle glaucoma

Answer 15

true ophthalmic emergency
increased IOP
very painful, red eye, sudden vision loss, halos around lights, rock hard eye, forntal HA, do not give epinephrine

Question 16

if see cupping then what is it

Answer 16

glaucoma