Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Eye And Visual Pathways > Eye Structure > Flashcards

Eye Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Eye definition

A

the organ of sight allowing imaging of surroundings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Types of simple eyes

A
  1. Pinhole
  2. Refracting
  3. Reflecting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the protein part of the visual pigment called

A

Opsin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two main types of opsins found in the human eye and their locations

A
  1. Rhodopsin- rod cells of retina
  2. Photopsins- cone cells of retina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are crystallins

A

Structural proteins of lenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How long ago did eyes evolve in multicellular organisms

A

540-490 million years ago

  • during the cambrian explosion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of eyes do 1. Arthropods (insects, arachnids, myriapods)
2. Vertebrates have?

A
  1. Athropods- compound eyes
  2. Vertebrates- simple yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Difference between simple and compound eyes

A

Compound eyes- complex structure made up of numerous ommatidia, provides a wide field of view, lower resolution
Simple eyes- consist of a single lens/ fewer lenses, more limited field of view, usually higher resolution relative to size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the structures of the 3 layers of the eye

A

OUTER- sclera, cornea
MIDDLE- uvea (choroid, ciliary body, iris)
INNER- retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Functions of each of the 3 layers of the eye

A

Outer- protective
Middle- vascular and pigmented
Inner- photoreceptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of the dioptric apparatus

A

Refraction of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What structures make up the dioptric apparatus

A

cornea, lens, aqueous humour, vitreous humor

*all components with refractive properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which structure is responsible for majority of light refraction

A

Cornea (70%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What eye structure is an outgrowth of the central nervous system

A

Retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What photoreceptors are, responsible for 1. low light
2. High light levels

A
  1. Rods- low light
  2. Cones- high light
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What area of the aye has the highest concentration of cones

A

Fovea

17
Q

How old are the oldest fossils with eyes

A

About 500 million years old

18
Q

What is the average diameter of the adult human eye

A

25mm

19
Q

What structures make up the anterior segment of the eye

A

cornea, aqueous humour, iris, cilliary body, lens

20
Q

What structures make up the posterior segment of the eye

A

vitreous, retina, choroid

21
Q

What is the most important property of the cornea

A

Transparency

22
Q

What is the refractive index of the cornea

A

1.376

23
Q

What is the refractive index of aqueous humor

A

1.336

Eye And Visual Pathways (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions