Eyelids Flashcards
(9 cards)
Functions of the eyelids
-protect
-closing: injury from debris and injury from excess light
-blinking: distribute tears and prevents corneal exposure
-assist in tear damage
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
Caused by localised reactivation of the varicella zoster virus in the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
Age- normally 50-70 immune compromised
-First get pain in the the area
-later get rash-small blisters
-Skins lesions on the side of the nose (Hutchinson’s sign) indicates nasocilary nerve involvement so higher risk of ocular complications.
-rash crusts after 2-3 weeks, leaving scars
Herpes simplex
Hsv lives inside nerve cells and alternates between being inactive and active.
Certain triggers can make the virus active including
-illness, sun exposure, menstrual period, injury, emotional stress
Most hsv infections are asymptomatic but sometimes include painful blisters the occur over time.
-sores appears and the breaks open, ooze and then crust over.
-first episode may cause fever, body aches and swollen lymph nodes
Cellulitis
Caused by inflammation of eyelid cause by infection
-infection normally follows cut, insect bite or some route for infection to get into skin
There are 2 subtypes
-pre septal
-orbital
Pre septal cellulitis
-Infection not breaching orbital septum
-risk of extension in young children
Symptoms
-acute onset of swelling, redness and tenderness of lids
-fever
Signs
-eye redness
-lid oedema, warmth, tenderness
-ptosis
-pyrexia
Orbital cellulitis
Infection had breached septum
-sight and life threatening
Symptoms
Blepharitis
Long term inflammation of the eyelids margins causing symptoms of eye irritation
Sub divided-
-anterior blephritis: affects near or among the roots of the eyelashes
-posterior blepharitis: affects meibomian gland openings
-anterior and posterior blepharits can occur together
-typically bilateral and chronic
-associated with dry eye disease
Symptoms and signs of blepharitis
