Eyes, Ears, Nose and Oropharynx

Question 1

Treatment for glaucoma

Answer 1

Topical prostaglandin analogues
- latanoprost, travoprost

Topical beta-blockers
- timolol

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- brinzolamide, dorzolamide

Question 2

Side effects of topical prostaglandin analogues

Answer 2

• Dry eyes
• Change of eye colour
• Darkening, thickening and lengthening of eyelashes

Question 3

Otitis media treatment

Answer 3

Amoxicillin
- worse after 2-3 days = co-amoxiclav
- pen allergy = clarithromycin
- pregnancy = erythromycin

Question 4

Otitis externa

Answer 4

First line: topical acetic acid 2% (ear calm spray)
Second line: topical neomycin with corticosteroid (otomize)

Systemic: flucloxacillin

Question 5

What can be used for rhinitis?
- 3 things

Answer 5

1. Sodium chloride (sterimar)
2. Antihistamine spray (pirtiease)
3. Cosrticosteroids (beconase)

Question 6

How long can nasal sprays be used for?

Answer 6

7 days
- do not use for longer as can cause rebound nasal congestion

Question 7

can nasal sprays be used in pregnancy?

Answer 7

Yes- due to low systemic absorption