F Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is the pathophysiology of Spina Bifida?
A neural tube defect occurring when the neural tube fails to close completely during embryonic development.
The neural tube starts closing on day 21 and completes by day 28 of gestation.
What are the different types of Spina Bifida?
- Occulta
- Meningocele
- Meningomyelocele
- Myeloschisis
Each type varies in severity and presentation.
What are the manifestations of Spina Bifida motor levels?
Motor levels can vary based on the level of spinal cord injury, affecting lower limb function and ambulation capabilities.
Each level of injury has distinct functional outcomes.
What co-morbidities are associated with children with Spina Bifida?
- Hydrocephalus
- Chiari Malformation
- Cognitive dysfunction
- Latex allergy
- Neurogenic bowel and bladder issues
Hydrocephalus occurs in 25% of children with MM.
What is the role of folic acid in preventing Spina Bifida?
Folic acid supplementation before conception can significantly reduce the risk of neural tube defects like Spina Bifida.
Recommended dose is 4 mg/day for women with a family history of neural tube defects.
What are the common musculoskeletal deformities seen in Spina Bifida?
- Forward head
- Rounded shoulders
- Kyphosis
- Scoliosis
- Excessive lordosis
- Anterior pelvic tilt
These deformities can impact mobility and posture.
True or False: Children with high-level lesions typically have better motor function than those with low-level lesions.
False.
High-level lesions usually result in more significant motor impairments.
What is the management for Meningomyelocele?
In-utero repair, postnatal surgical intervention, and rehabilitation therapies.
Early intervention can improve outcomes.
Fill in the blank: The typical presentation for high lumbar lesions includes _______.
Hip flexion, abduction, external rotation contractures.
This affects ambulation and mobility.
What percentage of children with Spina Bifida develop hydrocephalus?
80-90% require a CSF shunt.
Hydrocephalus can also affect cognitive function.
How is Chiari Malformation related to Spina Bifida?
Chiari II malformation is a common co-morbidity where the cerebellum herniates through the foramen magnum.
It is associated with increased risk of hydrocephalus.
What are some common assessment techniques for children with Spina Bifida?
- Baseline biomechanical assessment
- Baseline strength assessment
- Functional activity assessment
These assessments guide treatment planning.
What is the significance of the Reciprocating Gait Orthosis (RGO)?
It provides support for ambulation in children with lower limb weakness, allowing for more effective walking patterns.
RGOs are often used for patients with lumbar lesions.
What is a common intervention for managing spasticity in children with Spina Bifida?
Physical therapy, medications, and sometimes surgical interventions.
Spasticity can significantly impact mobility and function.
What is the typical treatment goal for physical therapy in children with Spina Bifida?
To reach age-appropriate developmental milestones.
This includes improving strength, mobility, and overall function.
What are the consequences of neurogenic bowel and bladder in children with Spina Bifida?
- Incontinence
- Constipation
- Impaction
Only 5% develop voluntary bowel/bladder control.
What percentage of children with mid to low lumbar lesions achieve independent living status as adults?
60% for L3 lesions and 80% for L5 lesions.
Functional outcomes vary significantly based on the level of injury.
