F4 M1

Answer 1

On specified election dates, entities may choose to measure at FV eligible financial
instruments that are not typically measured at FV (irrevocable when comp decides to do
this)

Answer 2

Financial instruments that can’t be recorded at FV: Leases, financial instruments
classified as equity, and pensions

Answer 3

For financial liabilities other than derivative liabilities that are reported under FV,
the portion of the change in FV that relates to a change in instrument-specific
credit risk is recognized in OCI

Answer 4

FV option can only be applied on certain dates

Answer 5

Debt securities: TS, AFS, and HTM (ex: gov’t securities, bonds, convertible debt,
commercial paper, redeemable PS, NP)

Answer 6

Non-debt securities: Leases, derivatives, or AP

Answer 7

Trading securities: Current or non-current asset, G/L reported on IS, purpose of these is
to sell them in the short term, and current are reported in operating section of SCF (non-
current are reported in CFI)

Answer 8

AFS: Current or non-current asset, doesn’t meet definition of HTM or TS, unrealized G/L
is reported on OCI, and they are reported in investing section of SCF (even if current)

Answer 9

HTM: Corp has intent/ability to keep investments until maturity, and they can be reported
as current or non-current assets (FV DOESN’T MATTER FOR THESE)

Answer 10

If a HTM investment is not held until maturity, it will be classified as an AFS security

Answer 11

Debt securities reported at FV: TS and AFS

Answer 12

Unrealized gains and losses are recognized for both TS (IS) and AFS (OCI)

Answer 13

To recognize loss in IS for TS and OCI for AFS: debit loss and credit valuation acc
(contra-asset)

Answer 14

If the problem does not say that the company uses a valuation method to value their
equity, then Instead of debiting or crediting a valuation acc when there is an unrealized
G/L, then I must debit or credit the investment itself instead

Answer 15

Realized G/L are only recognized when a TS or AFS is sold and when an AFS security
is impaired (all realized are recorded in NI)

Answer 16

If any of the 3 securities are transferred to any other type of security (ex: AFS to HTM),
then action must be taken (ex: HTM to AFS must report unrealized G/L on OCI)

Answer 17

All transfers are accounted for at FV

Answer 18

Recording unrealized G/L is only done for TS and AFS while recording impairment is
only for AFS and HTM

Answer 19

Under the current expected credit losses (CECL) model, AFS debt securities and
HTM securities should be reported at net amt expected to be collected using an
allowance for expected credit losses

Answer 20

Expected credit losses are determined based on current conditions, past experience,
and future expectations

Answer 21

Expected credit loss (PV - amort cost) is used to find the full amt of impairment for HTM
securities and it is also used to find the amt of impairment loss that will be recognized as
operating loss on IS and which will be classified as unrealized G/L On OCI for AFS
securities

Answer 22

For HTM, PV is the total of PV of pmts (new pmts expected to be received which will be
less than before) and PV of the bond

Answer 23

For HTM, amort cost is the full price of the bond

Answer 24

If it is expected that I will be receiving less than what I am owed in interest pmts on a
HTM bond, then I will debit credit loss and credit allowance for credit losses (just
like BDE)

Answer 25

Credit loss and allowance for credit losses can also be recognized for AFS securities (this is only if the investment is impaired)

Answer 26

AFS debt securities will result in a loss when the FV is less than the PV of expected cash flows (loss in OCI) and the PV is below amortized cost (loss in income)

Answer 27

Credit loss is an exp on IS and allowance is a liability on BS

Answer 28

For TS that are sold, I would debit cash, credit TS (orignal) and credit realized gain (SP - CV at time of sale)

Answer 29

For AFS that are sold, I would debit cash, debit any unrealized gain (must be closed out), credit AFS (CV), and debit realized gain (SP - orig cost)

Answer 30

When calculating a sale of AFS securities, I do SP - orig cost because there have not been any realized losses on the IS, therefore, the stock is not at CV yet

Answer 31

Equity: CS or PS (not convertible bonds)

Answer 32

Equity is recorded at FV and all unrealized G/L is recorded in NI (debit loss and credit valuation acc)

Answer 33

Unrealized G/L for equity investments is technically just realized bc the value of the investments is the same as the FV at any point in time

Answer 34

Any type of equity that does not have a FV is recorded as cost - impairment

Answer 35

If there is an equity w/no FV, a comp should do an assessment to get an estimate of the FV. Once this is done, the comp can compare FV to cost to see if there is impairment. If there is, it will be recognized as a realized loss in NI and equity will be written down

Answer 36

Div received from comp I am invested in is recorded by debiting cash and crediting div income (it increases NI)

Answer 37

Stock dividend doesn’t result in an increase in NI

Answer 38

When I am given a liquidating dividend (dividend paid > investee RE), I will debit cash (dividend x % of ownership I have in comp), credit dividend income (investee RE x % of ownership I have in comp), and credit the investment in the comp (the plug)

Answer 39

When an equity is sold at the same as its CV, I would debit cash and credit investment (If it is sold at a gain, I would credit gain along with these entries)

Answer 40

If you buy a stock and there are legal fees associated with buying it, these are included in the price of the stock

Answer 41

FOR ALL SECURITIES (DEBT & EQUITY), THE FV AT YE BECOMES THE NEW CV OF THE SECURITIES

Answer 42

If there is a 20k realized loss and a 10k realized gain for a certain period of equity securities, I should net them to get a 10k loss

Answer 43

If a problem asks me what amt of income or loss is attributable to an equity investment account, I must net the dividend income and the loss for the year