FA 1 (part 2) Flashcards
(25 cards)
Which of the following factors primarily determines the final infiltration rate in Horton’s model?
A. Rainfall intensity
B. Vegetation type
C. Soil texture
C. Soil texture
How does surface roughness affect infiltration?
A. Smooth surfaces increase infiltration rates
B. It only aids in water evaporation
C. It has no effect on soil or water
D. Rough surfaces can slow down runoff and increase the time for infiltration
D. Rough surfaces can slow down runoff and increase the time for infiltration
How often should field tests for infiltration capacity be conducted in agricultural fields?
A. Every five years regardless of crop rotation
B. Only in spring prior to planting
C. Regularly, to adapt to changing soil conditions and crops
D. Only once and assume stability
C. Regularly, to adapt to changing soil conditions and crops
How do cover crops enhance infiltration in agricultural lands?
A. By preventing erosion and improving soil structure
B. By compacting the soil
C. By blocking water movement
D. By reducing rainfall
A. By preventing erosion and improving soil structure
In the context of hydrology, what does ‘saturation’ refer to?
A. The amount of air in the soil
B. The temperature of the soil
C. When soil pores are completely filled with water
D. The point before rain occurs
C. When soil pores are completely filled with water
Kostyakov’s model assumes that the permeability of the soil decreases over time.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Venturi meters utilize a narrowing in the flow path to measure discharge based on pressure change.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
What is one of the main purposes of soil drainage systems?
A. To add nutrients to the soil.
B. To retain excess rainfall in the area.
C. To prevent saturation and promote infiltration.
D. To increase soil salinity.
C. To prevent saturation and promote infiltration.
What factor significantly reduces the infiltration capacity of soils in urban areas?
A. Soil texture
B. Pavement and impervious surfaces
C. High organic matter content
B. Pavement and impervious surfaces
The rate at which water infiltrates into the soil decreases most significantly when:
A. The soil becomes compacted
B. The organic content increases
C. The soil becomes dry
A. The soil becomes compacted
Philip’s model is based on the assumption that rainfall intensity varies over time.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
As rainfall intensity increases, soil infiltration rates are generally unaffected.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Water retention in the soil is inversely related to infiltration capacity.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Infiltration rate is the same across different soil types if the rainfall intensity is the same.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Infiltration is most effective when the soil is dry at the time of the rainfall event.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Loamy soils typically have a higher infiltration rate compared to clayey soils.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Horton’s model is not suitable for use in areas with high surface runoff.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Clay soils exhibit higher infiltration rates than sandy soils due to their higher porosity.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Soil texture and structure play a crucial role in determining the infiltration rate.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Increasing soil porosity generally leads to higher infiltration rates.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Soil type can significantly affect the runoff from a catchment area after rainfall.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
According to Horton’s model, as the storm progresses, the infiltration rate approaches which value?
A. Initial infiltration rate
B. Zero
C. Final infiltration rate
C. Final infiltration rate
Infiltration is a critical process for replenishing groundwater reserves.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The infiltration rate decreases as the soil moisture content increases.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
