FA 2013 pathology Flashcards
(97 cards)
1
Q
___ is a reversible nuclear change
___ (3) are irreversible ones
A
chromatin clumping
pyknosis
karyolysis
karyorrhexis
2
Q
2 apoptosis pathways
A
intrinsic
extrinsic
3
Q
2 cancers associated with AIDS
A
aggressive malignant Ly
Kaposi’s
4
Q
2 cancers associated with Paget’s disease of bone
A
osteosarcoma
fibrosarcom
5
Q
2 cancers caused by As
A
skin SCC
liver angiosarcom
6
Q
2 cancers with highest mortality for females
A
lung (23%)
breast (18%)
7
Q
2 cancers with highest mortality for males
A
lung (33%)
prostate (13%)
8
Q
2 malignant growths with >1 cell type
A
immature teratoma
mature teratoma in men
9
Q
2 most common destinations for mets
A
liver
lung
10
Q
3 tumors associated with tuberous sclerosis
A
astrocytoma
angiomyolipoma
cardiac rhabdomyom
11
Q
4 cancers associated with acanthosis nigricans
A
stomach
lung
breast
uterus
12
Q
4 cancers caused by smoking
A
laryngeal (SCC)
lung
RCC
bladder (transitional cell ca)
13
Q
4 neutrophil chemotactic factors
A
C5a
IL-8
LTB4
Kallikrein
14
Q
4 stages of leukocyte extravasation
A
rolling
tight binding
diapedesis
migration
15
Q
4 tumors with psammoma bodies
A
Papillary thyroid ca
Serous papillary cystadenoca of ovary
Meningioma
Malignant mesotheliom
16
Q
5 cancers that met to bone
2 most common
A
Breast Lung Testis Kidney Prostate (BLT with Kosher Pickle) breast prostate
17
Q
5 cancers that met to brain
A
Lung Breast Skin (melanoma) Kidney (RCC) GI (Lots of Bad Stuff Kills Glia)
18
Q
5 cancers that met to liver IDOOF
A
Colon Stomach Pancreas Breast Lung (Cancer Sometimes Penetrates Benign Liver)
19
Q
7 kinds of amyloidosis
A
1' 2' senile cardiac DM2 medullary thyroid ca Alzheimer's dialysis-associated
20
Q
a2 cancers associated with radiation exposure
A
sarcoma
papillary thyroid c
21
Q
a3 conditions with reduced ESR
A
sickle cell
polycythemia
CHF
22
Q
aabl is a ___
it is associated with ___
A
oncogene
CML
23
Q
aaflatoxin from ___ causes ___
A
aspergillus
HCC
24
Q
aAFP is produced by ___ (3)
A
HCC
embryonal ca
yolk sac tumor
25
aALP is produced by ___ (3)
bone mets
obstructive biliary disease
Paget's disease of bone
26
aamyloid in 2' amyloidosis is ___
it is composed of ___
it is caused by ___
AA
serum amyloid-associated protein
chronic inflammation
27
aBRCA2 is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (13q)
| breast
28
aCA19-9 is produced by ___
pancreatic c
30
acancer associated with immunodeficiency
malignant Ly
31
acancer associated with plummer-vinson syndrome
esophageal SCC
32
acancer caused by alkylating agents
leukemi
33
acancer caused by aniline dyes (naphthalene)
transitional cell c
34
aCCl_4 causes ___ (2)
liver centrilobular necrosis
| liver fatty change
35
aDCC is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (18q)
CRC
(Deleted in Colon Cancer)
36
aL-myc is a ___
| it is associated with ___
oncogene
| lung tumors
37
aLambert-Eaton syndrome is caused by ___ (2)
thymoma
| SCLC
38
amyloid has ___ structure
| and ___ micro appearance
beta pleated sheet
| apple green birefringence with Congo red
39
amyloid in 1' amyloidosis is ___
it is composed of ___
it is caused by ___
AL
Ig light chain
multiple myelom
40
amyloid in AD amyloidosis is ___
it is composed of ___
it is caused by ___
Abeta
APP
abnormal APP cleavage by secretase
41
amyloid in dialysis-associated amyloidosis is ___
| it is composed of ___
Abeta2m
| beta2 microglobulin from MHC-I
42
amyloid in DM2 amyloidosis is ___
| it is composed of ___
amylin
| islet amyloid peptide
43
amyloid in medullary thyroid ca is ___
| it is composed of ___
A-CAL
| calcitonin
44
amyloid in senile cardiac amyloidosis is ___
it is composed of ___
it is caused by ___
ATTR (AF?)
transthyretin
old age (cardiac ATTR is not mutant)
45
aNF1 is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (17q)
| NF1
46
ap53 is a ___
| it is associated with ___ (2)
tumor suppressor gene (17p)
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
any cancer
47
aparaneoplastic ACTH is caused by ___
SCLC
48
APC is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (5q)
| FAP colon cancer
49
apoptosis requires ___
ATP
50
aras is a ___
| it is associated with ___
oncogene
| CRC
51
aTRAP is prodcued by ___
hairy cell leukemi
52
bcl-2 is a ___
| it is associated with ___ (2)
oncogene
FLy
undifferentiated Ly
53
benign growth with >1 cell type
| this occurs in ___
mature teratoma
| women
54
bhCG is produced by ___ (3)
Hydatidiform mole
Chorioca
Gestational trophoblastic tumor
55
bombesin is produced by ___ (3)
neuroblastoma
lung ca
gastric c
56
BRCA1 is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (17q)
| breast + ovarian c
57
breast mets are ___
lytic or blastic
58
c-kit is a ___
| it is associated with ___
oncogene
| GIST
59
c-myc is a ___
| it is associated with ___
oncogene
| Burkitt's Ly
60
CA-125 is produced by ___
ovarian c
61
cancer associated with autoimmunity
Ly
62
cancer associated with dysplastic nevus
malignant melanom
63
cancer is ___th leading cause of death in US
2nd (after heart disease)
64
carcinoma in situ means neoplastic cells span ___ of epithelial thickness
but ___
all
| do not penetrate basement membrane
65
CEA is produced by ___ (4)
CRC
pancreatic ca
gastric ca
breast c
66
DPC is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (18q)
| pancreatic c
68
erb-b2 is a ___
| it is associated with ___ (3)
oncogene
breast ca
ovarian ca
gastric c
69
exudate has specific gravity ___
| transudate has specific gravity ___
>1.020
| <1.012
70
gastric adenoca is associated with ___ (3)
chronic atrophic gastritis
pernicious anemia
postsurgical gastric remnants (?)
71
hypercalcemia of malignancy is caused by ___ (3 cancers) via ___ (4 molecules)
```
SCLC
RCC
breast ca
PTHrP
TGFb
TNF
IL-1
```
72
in diapedesis stage of extravasation, ___ on leukocyte binds ___ on endothelium
PECAM-1
| PECAM-1
73
in rolling stage of extravasation, ___ on leukocyte binds ___ (2) on endothelium
Sialyl Lewis X
E-selectin
P-selectin
74
in tight binding stage of extravasation, ___ on leukocyte binds ___ on endothelium
LFA-1
| ICAM-1
75
intrinsic pathway uses ___
| extrinsic pathway uses ___ (3)
hormones/cytokines
FasL
granzyme
perforin
76
lung mets are ___
lytic
77
mets to brain are usually located ___ly
| they are well/poorly circumscribed
at grey-white border
| well
78
N-myc is a ___
| it is associated with ___
oncogene
| neuroblastom
79
NF2 is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (22q)
| NF2
80
nucleus becomes more ___ during apoptosis
basophilic
81
p16 is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (9p)
| melanom
82
paraneoplastic ADH is caused by ___ (2)
SCLC
| intracranial tumors
83
paraneoplastic EPO is caused by ___ (2)
RCC
| hemangioblastom
84
prostate mets are ___
blastic
85
Rb is a ___
| it is associated with ___ (2)
tumor suppressor gene (13q)
retinoblastoma
osteosarcom
86
red infarcts mean ___ has happened;
they are caused by ___
or in organs with ___, such as ___ (3)
```
hemorrhage
reperfusion injury
collateral circulation
liver
lungs
intestine
```
87
ret is a ___
| it is associated with ___ (2)
oncogene
MEN IIa
MEN IIb
88
T/F: anaplasia is reversible
false
89
T/F: change in mitochondrial permeability is reversible
false
90
T/F: desmoplasia is reversible
false (fibrotic rxn to neoplasm)
91
T/F: dysplasia is reversible
true
92
T/F: hyperplasia is reversible
true
93
T/F: metaplasia is reversible
true
94
T/F: neoplasia is reversible
false
95
T/F: ribosomal detachment is reversible
true
96
top 3 most common cancers for females IDOOF
breast (32%)
lung (13%)
CRC (13%)
97
top 3 most common cancers for males IDOOF
prostate (32%)
lung (16%)
CRC (12%)
98
vinyl chloride causes ___
liver angiosarcom
99
WT1 is a ___
| it is associated with ___
tumor suppressor gene (11p)
| Wilms' tumor
