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general knowledge medicine > Psych drugs USMLE > Flashcards

Psych drugs USMLE Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

haloperidol class

A

antipsychotic

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2
Q

trofluoperazine

A

antipsychotic

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3
Q

fluphenazine

A

antipsychotic

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4
Q

thioridazine

A

antipsychotic

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5
Q

chlorpromazine

A

antipsychotic

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6
Q

antipsychotic mechanism

A

block dopamine D2 receptors (so increase cAMP)

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7
Q

antipsychotic use

A

schizophrenia, psychosis, acute mania, Tourette’s

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8
Q

antipsychotic toxicity

A

slow removal from body (highly lipid soluble), extrapyramidal side effects, hyperprolactinemia, muscarinic, histamine and and alpha blockade side effects; neuroleptic malignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia

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9
Q

clorpromazine specific toxicity

A

corneal deposits

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10
Q

thioridazine specific toxicity

A

retinal deposits

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11
Q

high potency antipsychotics and effects

A

haloperidol, triofluoperazine, fluphenazine; extrapyramidal symptoms

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12
Q

low potency antipsychotics and effects

A

thiorizadine, chlorpromazine; anti-autonomic side effects (alpha, muscarinic, histamine blockade)

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13
Q

extrapyramidal effect timeline

A

4 hr acute dystonia, 4 days akinesia, 4 weeks akathisia, 4 mo tardive dyskinesia

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14
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome features

A

fever, encephalopathy, muscle rigidity, unstable vitals, elevated enzymes

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15
Q

olanzapine class

A

atypical antipsychotic

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16
Q

clozapine class

A

atypical antipsychotic

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17
Q

quetiapine

A

atypical antipsychotic

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18
Q

risperidone class

A

atypical antipsychotic

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19
Q

aripiprazole class

A

atypical antipsychotic

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20
Q

ziprasidone class

A

atypical antispychotic

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21
Q

atypical antipsychotic mechanism

A

block serotonin, dopamine, alpha and H1 receptors

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22
Q

atypical antipsychotic use

A

schizophrenia (treats both positive and negative symptoms)

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23
Q

olanzapine use

A

schizophrenia, also OCD, anxiety disorder, depression, mania, Tourette’s

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24
Q

risperidone toxicity

A

prolonged QT; most likely atypical antipsychotic to have extrapyramidal side effects

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25
olanzapine toxicity
weight gain
26
clozapine toxicity
weight gain, seizures, agranulocytosis
27
butyrophenone class
peridol antipsychotic
28
lithium mechanism
unknown; maybe phosphinositol cascade
29
lithium use
bipolar (mood stabilizer)--blocks relapse and acute mania, seizures, SIADH
30
lithium toxicity
tremor, nephrogenic DI, hypothyroidism, teratogen (Ebstein anomaly, great vessel malformation), narrow therapeutic window, level increased by thiazides, edema, heart block
31
buspirone mechanism
stimulates serotonin receptors
32
buspirone use
GAD
33
buspirone toxicity
minimal (no sedation, addiction, tolerance, alcohol interaction)
34
buspirone consideration
response is delayed so can't be used for situational anxiety like performance anxiety
35
imipramine class
TCA
36
amitryptyline class
TCA
37
desipramine class
TCA
38
nortryptyline class
TCA
39
clomipramine class
TCA
40
doxepine class
TCA
41
amoxapine class
TCA
42
TCA mechanism
block reuptake of NE and serotonin (inhibit fast Na channels)
43
TCA use
major depression, bed-wetting (imipramine), OCD (clomipramine), fibromyalgia, diabetic neuropathy
44
TCA toxicity
sedation, alpha blocking effects, anti-cholinergic side effects; QRS widening--venticular tachyarrhythmias; convulsions, coma, respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia. confusion and hallucinations in elderly
45
TCA toxicity treatment
NaHCO3 for CV toxicity
46
fluoxetine class
SSRI
47
paroxetine class
SSRI
48
sertraline class
SSRI
49
citalopram class
SSRI
50
SSRI mechanism
serotonic specific reuptake inhibitors
51
SSRI use
depression, OCD, bulemia, social phobias
52
SSRI toxicity
sexual dysfunction, GI distress, serotonin syndrome
53
serotonin syndrome
hyperthermia, cardiovascular collapse, myoclonus (vs. muscle rigidity in neuroleptic malignant), flushing, diarrhea, seizures
54
serotonin syndrome treatment
cyproheptadine (serotonin receptor antagonist), supportive
55
vanlafaxine class
SNRI
56
duloxetine class
SNRI
57
SNRI mechanism
inhibit serotonin and NE reuptake (but different from TCAs that block Na channels)
58
SNRI use
depression, venlafaxine for GAD, duloxetine for diabetic peripheral neuropathy
59
SNRI toxicity
increased BP is most common; stimulant effects, sedation, nausea
60
phenelzine class
MAOI (irreversibly binds MAO)
61
tranylcypromine class
MAOI
62
isocarboxazid class
MAOI
63
selegiline
MAOI (selective for MAO-B)
64
MAOI mechanism
MAO inhibition increases levels of amine neurotransmitters (NE, serotonin, dopamine)
65
MAOI use
atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis, resistant depression; selegiline for Parkinson's
66
MAOI toxicity
hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion or beta agonists, CNS stimulation; contraindicated with SSRIs or meperidine to prevent serotonin syndrome
67
bupropion mechanism
presynaptic selective NE reuptake inhibition (increases NE and dopamine)
68
bupropion use
depression, smoking cessation
69
bupropion toxicity
tachycardia, insomnia (stimulant effects), seizures in bulimic patients, headache (no sexual side effects)
70
mirtazapine mechanism
alpha 2 antagonist (increases release of NE and serotonin) and serotonin receptor antagonist
71
mirtazapine use
atypical antidepressant
72
mirtazapine toxicity
sedation, increased appetite, weight gain, dry mouth
73
maprotiline mechanism
blocks NE uptake
74
maprotiline use
atypical anti-depressant
75
maprotiline toxicity
sedation, orthostatic hypotension
76
trazodone
primarily inhibits serotonin reuptake
77
trazodone use
usually with fluoxetine, for insomnia
78
trazodone toxicity
priapism, sedation, nausea, postural hypotension
79
nonspecific depressant drug intoxication
mood elevation, decreased anxiety, sedation, behavioral disinhibition, respiratory depression
80
nonspecific depressant drug withdrawal
anxiety, tremor, seizures, insomnia
81
alcohol intoxication
ataxia, emotional lability, slurred speech, coma, blackouts, elevated GGT, AST
82
alcohol withdrawal
delirium tremens if severe: autonomic hyperactivity (tachy, seizures, anxiety), psychotic symptoms (hallucinations, delusions), confusion
83
treatment for severe alcohol withdrawal
benzos
84
opioid intoxication
pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, constipation, seizures, CNS depression
85
opioid intoxication treatment
naloxone, naltrexone
86
opioid withdrawal
dilated pupils, diarrhea, sweating, piloerection, fever, rhinorrhea, nausea, stomach cramps (flulike)
87
barbituate intoxication
marked respiratory depression
88
barbituate intoxication treatment
supportive
89
barbituate withdrawal
delirium, cardiovascular collapse
90
benzodiazepine intoxication
ataxia, respiratory depression
91
benzodiazepine intoxication treatment
flumenzil
92
nonspecific stimulant intoxication
mood elevation, psychomotor agitation, insomia, arrhythmias, tachycardia, anxiety
93
nonspecific stimulant withdrawal
post use "crash" with depression, weight gain, lethargy, headache
94
amphetamine intoxication
impaired judgment, violent behavior, dilated pupils, prolonged wakefulness and attention, delusions, hallucinations, fever, rapid HR, sweating, dry mouth (NE effects)
95
amphetamine withdrawal
hypersomnia, hunger, stomach cramps
96
cocaine intoxication
dilated pupils, arrhythmias, tremors, paranoid ideations, hallucination, impaired judgment
97
cocaine withdrawal
suicidality, hypersomnolence, malaise, severe psychological craving
98
caffeine intoxication
restlessness, increased diuresis, muscle twitching
99
nicotine intoxication
restlessness
100
nicotine withdrawal
irritability, anxiety, craving
101
PCP intoxication
feeling of detachment, belligerence, impulsiveness, fever, psychomotor agitation, horizontal nystagmus, tachycarida, homocidality, pyschosis, delirium
102
PCP mechanism
inhibits NMDA receptor activation
103
LSD intoxication
flashbacks, marked anxiety or depression, delusions, visual hallucinations, pupillary dilation
104
LSD mechanism
serotonin receptor agonist
105
marijuana intoxication
euphoria, laughter, paranoid delusions, slowed time perception, impaired judgment, social withdrawal, increased appetite, dry mouth, impaired coordination, short term memory loss
106
marijuana withdrawal
irritability, depression, insomnia, nausea, anorexia

general knowledge medicine (9 decks)

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