Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Board Cards > FA RR labs findings > Flashcards

FA RR labs findings Flashcards

(105 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Anticentromere antibodies

A

Scleroderma (CREST)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies

A

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anti-glomerul ar basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antihistone antibodies

A

Drug-induced SLE (hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anti-IgG antibodies (IgM)

A

Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs)

A

1 ° biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anti neutroph il cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)

A

Vasculitis (c-ANCA: granulomatos is with polyangiitis [Wegener’s]; p-ANCA: microscopic polyangiitis, Churg Strauss syndrome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs : anti-Sm ith and anti-dsDNA)

A

SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antiplatelet antibodies

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

A

Diffuse systemic scleroderma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies

A

Celiac disease (diarrhea, distention, weight loss)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Apple core l esion on abdominal x- ray

A

Colorectal cancer (usually left-sided)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Azurophilic peroxidase-positive granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts

A

Auer rods (acute myelogenous leukemia, especially the promyelocytic [M3] type)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bacitracin response

A

Sensitive: Streptococcus pyogenes (group A) ; resistant: Streptococcus agalactiae (group B)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

A

Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis: HLA-B27)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly bodies (clue to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bloody tap on LP

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Boot shaped heart on x-ray

A

Tetralogy of Fallot, RVH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Branching gram-positive rods with sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israelii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

A

Pancoast tumor (can compress sympathetic ganglion and cause Horner’s syndrome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Brown tumor of bone

A

Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

A

Chagas’ disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cellular crescents in Bowman’s capsule

A

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Chocolate cyst of ovary
Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)
26
Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils
Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)
27
Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs
Cystic fibrosis (autosomal-recessive mutation in CFTR resulting in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)
28
Decreased α-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormality
29
Degeneration of dorsal column nerves
Tabes dorsalis (3° syphil is), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns and late ral corticospinal tracts affected)
30
Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
31
Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum
Curschmann's spirals (bronch ial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs)
32
Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid
Call-Exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary)
33
Dysplastic squamous cervical cel ls with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia
Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)
34
Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies
Owl's eye appearance of CMV
35
Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei
"Orphan Annie's eyes" nuclei (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid)
36
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell
Mallory bodies (alcoholic liver disease)
37
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cel l
Lewy body (Parkinson's disease)
38
Eosinophilic globule in liver
Councilman body (toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever)
39
Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells
Negri bodies of rabies (Lyssavirus)
40
Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain
Senile plaques (Alzheimer's disease)
41
Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions ("owl's eye")
Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin's lymphoma)
42
Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells
Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)
43
Hair on end (crew-cut) appearance on x-ray
ß-thalassemia, sickle cell anem ia (marrow expansion)
44
hCG elevated
Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)
45
Heart nodules (granulomatous)
Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever)
46
Heterophile antibodies
Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
47
Hexagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions
Bronchial asthma (Charcot-Leyden crystals: eosinophilic granules)
48
High level of D-dimers
DVT, pulmonary embolism, DIC
49
Hilar lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes (can calcify)
Ghon complex 1st TB : Mycobacterium bacilli)
50
Honeycomb lung on x-ray or CT
Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
51
Hypercoagulability (leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis)
Trousseau's syndrome (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung)
52
Hypersegmented neutrophils
Megaloblastic anemia (B12 deficiency: neurologic symptoms; folate deficiency: no neurologic symptoms)
53
Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
Conn's syndrome
54
Hypochromic, microcytic anemia
Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (fetal hemoglobin sometimes present)
55
Increased α-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
Dating error, anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)
56
Increased uric acid levels
Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics
57
Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies
Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or CMV)
58
Iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum
Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: t chance of mesothel ioma)
59
Keratin pea rls on a skin biopsy
Squamous cell carcinoma
60
Large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immunodeficiency
Chediak-Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)
61
Lead pipe appearance of colon on barium enema x-ray
Ulcerative colitis (loss of haustra)
62
Linear appearance of lgG deposition on glomerular basement membrane
Goodpasture's syndrome
63
Low serum ceruloplasmin
Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration)
64
Lumpy bumpy appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence
Poststrcptococcal glomerulonephritis (immune complex deposition of lgG and C3b)
65
Lytic ("hole punched") bone lesions on x-ray
Multiple myeloma
66
Mammary gland ("blue domed") cyst
Fibrocystic change of the breast
67
Monoclonal antibody spike
• Multiple myeloma (usually lgG or lgA) • Monoclonal gam mopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS; normal consequence of aging) • Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia • Primary amyloidosis
68
Mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus
Signet ring (gastric carcinoma)
69
Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium x- ray
String sign (Crohn's disease)
70
Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Granulomato sis with polyangiitis (Wegener's ; c-ANCA positive) and Goodpasture's syndro me (anti-basement membrane antibodies)
71
Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
Gout (monosodium urate crystals)
72
Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli
Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy)
73
Novobiocin response
Sensitive: Staphylococcus epidermidis; resistant: Staphylococcus saprophyticus
74
Nutmeg appearance of liver
Chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure
75
Onion skin periosteal reaction
Ewing's sarcoma (malignant round-cell tumor)
76
Optochin response
Sensitive: Streptococcus pneumoniae; resistant: Viridans streptococcus
77
Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area
Codman's triangle on x-ray (osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis)
78
Podocyte fusion or "effacement" on electron microscopy
Minimal change disease (child with nephrotic syndrome)
79
Polished, " ivory like" appearance of bone at cartilage erosion
Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis)
80
Protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of protein tau
Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimer's disease) and Pick's bodies (Pick's disease)
81
Psammoma bodies
Meningiomas, papillary thyroid carcinoma , mesothelioma, papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary
82
Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy
Glioblastoma multiforme
83
RBC casts in urine
Acute glomerulonephritis
84
Rectangular, crystal-l ike, cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells
Reinke crystals ( Leydig cell tumor)
85
Renal epithelial casts in urine
Acute toxic/viral nephrosis
86
Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals)
87
Rib notching
Coarctation of the aorta
88
Ring-enhancing brain lesion in AIDS
Toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma
89
Sheets of medium-sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale, tingible body-laden macrophages ("starry sky" histology)
Burkitt's lymphoma (t[8:14] c-myc activation, associated with EBV; "black sky" made up of malignant cells)
90
Silver-staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons
Pick bodies (Pick's disease: progressive dementia, changes in personality)
91
Soap bubble in femur or tibia on x-ray
Giant cell tumor of bone (generally benign)
92
Spikes on basement membrane, "dome like" subepithelial deposits
Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)
93
Stacks of RBCs
Rouleaux formation ( high ESR, multiple myeloma)
94
Stippled vaginal epithelial cells
Clue cells ( Gardnerella vaginalis)
95
Tennis racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells
Birbeck granules (Langerhans cell histiocytosis or histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma)
96
Thrombi made of white/red layers
Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, l ayers of platelets/RBCs)
97
Thumb sign on lateral x-ray
Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)
98
Thyroid-like appearance of k idney
Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
99
Tram-track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light microscopy
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
100
Triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles
Fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)
101
Waxy casts with very low urine flow
Chronic end-stage renal disease
102
WBC casts in urine
Acute pyelonephritis
103
WBCs that look "smudged"
CLL (almost always B cell)
104
Wire loop glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy
Lupus nephropathy
105
Yellowish CSF
Xanthochromia (e.g., due to subarachnoid hemorrhage)

Board Cards (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions