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IAC 3 > FA Tox > Flashcards

FA Tox Flashcards

1
Q

Coffee senna

A

Skeletal muscle in cattle
Cardiac muscle in chickens and goats
Liver in horses

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2
Q

Twin-leaf senna

A

Cardiac muscle in goats and chickens

Maybe also skeletal muscle in cows?

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3
Q

Lindheimer’s senna

A

Skeletal muscle in cattle

Cardiac muscle in chickens and goats

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4
Q

Rayless Goldenrod

A

Skeletal muscle (trembles)

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5
Q

White snake root

A

Skeletal muscle (trembles) in goats

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6
Q

Vitamin E and Se

A

Skeletal muscle (acute or chronic)

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7
Q

Clostridium

A

Skeletal muscle

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8
Q

Ionophores

A

Cardiac muscle in cows

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9
Q

Oleander

A

Cardiac muscle in cows and horses, sudden death

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10
Q

Cottonseed

A

Cardiac muscle (mono gastric) or repro (adult cows)

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11
Q

Yew

A

Cardiac muscle mainly in horses

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12
Q

Lupines (blue bonnets)

A

Teratogen (malformations)

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13
Q

Poison hemlock

A

Teratogen (malformations, death, dystocia) and CNS

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14
Q

False hellebore, skunk cabbage

A

Teratogen (cyclops and weird face bones)

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15
Q

Singletary pea

A

Teratogen and spinal (rear ataxia and paralysis)

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16
Q

Tree tobacco (nightshade)

A

Teratogen and CNS

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17
Q

Lead

A

CNS in cows > horses (central blindness, head pressing) and GI

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18
Q

Salt poisoning/water deprivation

A

CNS and GI

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19
Q

Organophosphates

A

CNS (muscarinic and nicotinic) and GI

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20
Q

Silver leaf nightshade

A

CNS and GI in cows and horses

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21
Q

Black nightshade

A

CNS and GI

Solanum ptycantum = in TX, okay
Solanum nigrum = not in TX, dangerous

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22
Q

Buffalo bur (nightshade)

A

CNS (SLUDGE) and GI

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23
Q

Horse nettle (nightshade)

A

CNS and GI

western = crazy cow syndrome 
Carolina = more toxic to cows
24
Q

Texas Bull Nettle (nightshade)

A

Not toxic (irritation only)

25
Jimsonweed, thornapple
CNS (atropine-like effects) and GI
26
Texas, Ohio, red buckeye
CNS and GI (colic in horses)
27
Berlandier lobelia
CNS
28
Claviceps (dallisgrass, Bermuda grass, Bahia)
CNS (tremorgenic mycotoxin = dallisgrass tremors)
29
Coyotillo
Spinal (dog sitting)
30
Black Locust
Spinal (posterior paralysis)
31
Hairy/Warty Caltrops
Spinal (weakness in hindend, posterior paralysis)
32
Peavine Emory Loco
Spinal (rear ataxia and paralysis) in ruminants
33
Arsenic (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, burned/painted wood)
Rapid severe GI (also liver and kidneys) and CNS
34
Pokeweed, pokeberry
GI (all species but esp rooting pigs)
35
Oak
GI (constipation) and kidney (red urine) in cows and horses
36
Buttercup
GI (ulcers)
37
Hairy vetch
GI and CNS (seeds) and skin (photosensitization in black animals)
38
St John’s wort
Primary Photosensitization
39
Bishops weed, Greater Ammi
Primary Photosensitization
40
Dutchman’s Breeches, Texas desert-rue
Primary Photosensitization
41
Lantana
Secondary photosensitization
42
Kochia weed, Mexican fire weed
Secondary photosensitization, sudden death (nitrate accumulator)
43
Goat head, puncture vine
Secondary photosensitization
44
Klinegrass
Secondary photosensitization (not in cows)
45
Milkweed, antelope horn, horsetail
Sudden death (cardiac glycosides)
46
Cocklebur
Sudden death (liver damage and hypoglycemia)
47
Wild plum, cherries, peaches
Sudden death (Cyanide)
48
Pigweed, carelessweed
Sudden death (nitrate accumulator)
49
Johnsongrass (sorghum forage)
Sudden death (nitrate and cyanide/Prussic acid accumulation) Other sorghum forages (haygrazer, Sudan, Niki stubble) also cause cyanide and nitrate toxicity
50
Mountain mahogany
Sudden death (cyanide)
51
Water hemlock
Sudden death (muscle tremors due to toxic Alcohols)
52
Sweetclover
Sudden death (mycotoxin that affects vitamin K coagulation factors)
53
Sennabean, bag-pod Sesbania
Sudden death
54
Brackenfern
Sudden death (hemorrhage,tumors)
55
Blue green algae
Sudden death (neuro and liver toxins)
56
Castor bean
Sudden death (inhibits ribosomal protein synthesis)

IAC 3 (6 decks)

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