Factors Affecring Sporting Participation

Question 1

Factors affecting participation

Answer 1

Resources
Social Status 
Peers/friends/family
Cultural norms
Leisure time
Previous experience 
Age
Gender
Disability
Discrimination
Media coverage
Education

Question 2

Why resources affects participation

Answer 2

Need money for equipment
Having equipment makes it better and easier to play
Facilities/coaching/transport

Question 3

How social status has affect on participation

Answer 3

Dictate the sport you play
More money=train more = more successful and pay for better equipment
Education

Question 4

How do peers/family/friends affect participation

Answer 4

If parents played kids more likely to
Family support-financial, encouragement
Peers might influence your participation

Question 5

How do cultural norms affect participation

Answer 5

Religious influences
Ethnicity
Holy days

Question 6

How does leisure time affect participation

Answer 6

As older have less time for sport - work commitments

More time you have the more likely you are to take part

Question 7

How does previous experience affect participation

Answer 7

School as a kid - opportunity

Positive past experience more likely to participate

Question 8

How does age affect participation

Answer 8

Life long sports

Can have more experience

Question 9

How does gender affect participation

Answer 9

Sexism
Less opportunities for women
Crèches

Question 10

How does disability affect participation

Answer 10

Lack of facilities/coaches/ opportunity/equipment

Question 11

How does media coverage affect participation

Answer 11

Women have significantly less coverage

Role models

Question 12

3 common problems faced by minority’s groups in sport

Answer 12

Lack of opportunity
Lack of provision
Lack of esteem

Question 13

Lack of opportunity examples

Answer 13

Opportunities to participate

Choice of activity

Time to play

Money to play

Suitable standard

Question 14

Lack of provision examples

Answer 14

Costly

Sufficient space/facilities

Equipment

Social amenities

Coaching

Question 15

Examples of lack of esteem

Answer 15

Self confidence

Low perceptions of others

Socialisation- status

Expectations

Respect

Fear of discrimination

Question 16

Barriers preventing lower class participating in sport

Answer 16

Opportunity- less education, less coaches, can’t follow sport if no means of transport, less disposable income.

Provision- lack of clubs, lack of coaches, expenses of membership/facilities, overlooked(less power in decision making), lack of child care

Esteem- lack of confidence, self consciousness, poor health

Question 17

Barriers to women in sport (10)

Answer 17

Social and cultural barriers (women expected to stay at home care for children)

Role models(less)

Old fashioned myths(not as strong or fast or as capable)

Women’s own attitudes(appearing masculine/low self esteem)

Media coverage(5% and less role models)

Society’s perception of strength and contact sports(not feminine)

Rewards and sponsorship (less)

Lifestyle barriers (less free time, child care)

Coaching positions (92% M 8% F)

NGBs dominated by men

Question 18

Schemes to increase women’s participation

Answer 18

Sport England- Active Women projects

Breeze - riding bikes for fun
Back to Netball- try netball or re-engage with it
US Girls- in 50 disadvantaged areas to get girls into sport

Question 19

Why women are participating more now

Answer 19

More media coverage
More acceptance
More crèches
More disposable income
More role models

Question 20

Effect of disability on Participation in sport

Answer 20

Opportunity- less competitive clubs, chance of activity restricted, money (lower income)

Provision- reasonable cost, sufficient venue/facilities(accessible), lack of specialist equipment/coaching.

Self esteem- low self esteem, less confidence

Question 21

Advantages of inclusive sport (disability)

Answer 21

Equal status/opportunity 
No discrimination 
Wider range of sport
Some sports easily adapted
Increase awareness

Question 22

Disadvantages of inclusive sport (disability)

Answer 22

Unfair-able bodies may take over
Differences reinforced
Safety issues
Lack of equipment/facilities
Lack of challenge for able bodied

Question 23

Advantages of segregated sport (disability)

Answer 23

Fairer- disabled athletes more comfortable
Inclusion for all disabilities
Ability grouping
Coaching is easier
Increase self-esteem, enthusiasm and confidence

Question 24

Disadvantages of segregated sport (disability)

Answer 24

Highlights disabilities
Les competitiveness
Less awareness
Less media coverage

Question 25

Solutions to increase equality for people with disabilities

Answer 25

Funding
Suitable access to transport and accessible facilities
Increase media coverage and therefore role models
Education to dispel stereotypes and myths
Use of the inclusion spectrum

Question 26

Key parts of BAME barriers

Answer 26

Racism
Discrimination
Channelling
Stacking
Centrality

Question 27

Channelling is

Answer 27

The encouragement of some BAME participants towards sport rather than academia

Question 28

Stacking is

Answer 28

Disproportionate concentration of ethnic minorities in certain sports.

Stacking can be related to centrality where BAME are not concentrated to one sport but into specific positions.

Question 29

Centrality is

Answer 29

Being close to important decision making. The dominant group in society does the dominant role in a team or sport.