factors effecting the rate of enzyme reactions Flashcards
(9 cards)
What are the four factors affecting the rate of enzyme reactions?
Substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, temperature and pH
Why will increasing the substrate concentration increase the rate of reaction?
Increases collisions between substrate and enzymes become more likely. The rate of reaction levels out as all the active sites become occupied. The rate then becomes limited by enzyme concentration.
Why does increasing enzyme concentration increase the rate of reaction?
More active sites available so there are more enzyme-substrate complexes.
Why does increasing the temperature increase the rate of reactions?
Molecules have more kinetic energy. More collisions between the enzymes and substrates. More enzyme-substrate complexes formed.
Where is the reaction at its maximum with temperature?
Optimum temperature.
What happens when temperature is too high?
The enzyme denatures because the hydrogen and ionic bonds are broken which changes the tertiary structure.
Why does the rate of reaction decrease when the temperature is too high?
The active site is not complimentary to the substrate anymore so less enzyme-substrate complexes are formed.
What does an extreme change in pH cause?
Denaturation.
What does an extreme change in pH do to the enzyme?
It alters the ionic charges of acidic and basic groups.
