Facts Flashcards
(114 cards)
1
Q
Antibodies for lambert eaton
A
Voltage gated calcium channel
2
Q
Treatment of stress incontinence
A
Duloxetine
3
Q
Treatment of urge incontinence
A
Oxybutinin
4
Q
Second line treatment of cellulitis
A
Erythromycin
5
Q
Rheumatoid in pregnancy treatment
A
Hydroxycholorquine
6
Q
Requirements when carrying out MCA
A
Assume they have capacity Take all steps to help them Must act in best interests Take least restrictive option Unwise decision does not mean lacks capacity
7
Q
1st line for mild-moderate depression
A
Watchful wait for 2 weeks
8
Q
2nd line for mild-moderate depression
A
IAPT, computerised CBT
9
Q
1st line treatment for severe depression and what to consider
A
SSRIs, suicide risk assessment
Continue for 6 months after end of symptoms or 2 years if recurrence
10
Q
Treatment of life threatening depression/ psychosis
A
ECT
11
Q
1st line for anxiety
A
Psychoeducation
12
Q
2nd line for anxiety
A
IAPT
13
Q
3rd line for anxiety
A
CBT or SSRI
14
Q
Signs of sepsis
A
Altered mental state RR over 25 Need more than 40% Oxygen HR over 130 SBP under 90 Urine output under 0.5ml/kg/hr
15
Q
Treatment of wernickes
A
2 pairs of pabrinex TDS for 5 days then long term thiamine
16
Q
Treatment of hypo when cant swallow
A
100ml 10% dextrose or 1mg IM Glucagon (if no IV access)
17
Q
Treatment of hypo when they can swallow
A
Glucogel repeatedly until BM over 4 then toast
18
Q
Brown sequard symptoms
A
Ipsi pain temperature weakness
Contra pain and temperature
19
Q
Anterior spinal artery syndrome
A
Bilateral loss
But preserved vibration and proprioception
20
Q
What defines as shock in a child and what would you give
A
Loss of 10% of body weight
10ml/kg of 0.9% NaCl STAT
21
Q
Joint pain after tonsilitis
A
Rheumatic fever
S pyogenes
NSAID and Abx
22
Q
Treatment of PDA
A
Indomethacin (NSAID)
23
Q
Transposition of great arteries
A
Presents on day 2, give prostaglandin
24
Q
Steps of tetralogy of fallot
A
Pulmonary stenosis
VSD
Overriding aorta
RV hypertrophy
25
Symptoms of coarctation
Right arm hypertension
Ejection systolic LSE
Symptoms worsen with age
26
Sore throat, lymphadenopathy, pyrexia
EBV
Monospot and FBC
Tx: supportive, no rugby for 8 weeks
27
Dengue
Aedes aegypti mosquito
Retroorbital pain, muscle ahce, rash
Viral nucliec acid test
Tx: supportive
28
Yellow fever
Fever and rigors goes to jaundice
| Inclusion bodies
29
Typhoid
Salmonella typhi
Bradycardia and rose spots
Ceftriaxone
30
Investigation of amaurosis fugax
ECG, CT, Echo, Carotid doppler
31
Diagnosis of T2DM
HbA1c over 48, fasting blood sugar over 7
32
1st line for T2DM
DESMOND and diet and exercise
33
2nd line for T2DM and when you do it
Metformin when HbA1c over 48 still
34
3rd line for T2DM and when you do it
Gliclazide if not fat
Pioglitazone
(insulin after 3 oral hypoglycaemics)
35
Annual diabetes review
Fundoscopy
Albumin creatinine ratio, eGFR
Podiatry
CV risk review
36
Haematinics in IDA
Low ferritin
Raised TIBC
Low transferrin
37
Anaemia, raised iron, ring form erythroblasts
Sideroblastic anaemia
38
What do you need if youre IDA and 60
2 week wait colonoscopy
39
What do you need if youre IDA and 50
Rectal bleeding
| Then 2WW
40
What do you need if youre IDA and 40
Rectal bleeding, weight loss, abdo pain
| Then 2WW
41
What investigation do you get if youre IDA and 50 but not rectal bleeding
FOB test
42
Dyspepsia and IDA
2WW UGI
43
Question to ask in tonsilitis
Can they tolerate fluids?
| Can go home with PO Abx if they can
44
Treatment of FeverPAIN 4+
Phenoxymethylpenicillin for 5 days
| Clari if pen allergic
45
Signs and treatment of moderate tonsilitis
unable to swallow, hot potato voice
IV Abx, IV dexamethaosne
Observe for 3 hours
46
Signs and treatment of severe tonsilitis
Stridor or lockjaw
| High flow O2, adrenaline nebs, IV Dex and Abx
47
How long do you replace iron for
Until normal haemoglobin then 3 more months to replenish stores
48
Secondary causes of increased platelets
Bleeding, inflammation, cancer
49
Do folate and b12 deficiency affect platelets and wbc?
Yes cause all three to be low
50
Painless genital ulcer
Syphilis
| Lymphogranuloma venereum
51
VDRL
Test for syphilis
52
EIA
Test for latent syphilis
53
How to treat neurosyphilis
IV BenPen
54
How to treat normal syphilis
IM Benzathine benzylpenicillin
55
Dark field microscopy from the lesion
Used for syphilis lesion
56
Painful ulcer and lymphadenopathy
Chancroid
57
When do you admit for UC
Severe
58
Signs of severe UC
```
More than 6 stools
Frank blood
Fever
HR >90
Anaemia
ESR over 30
```
59
Treatment of severe UC
1. IV hydrocortisone
72 hours later
2. IV ciclosporin and surgical input
3. Infliximab
60
Treatment of non severe UC
```
Topical Mesalazine
4 weeks
Topical and oral Mesalazine
Then
Oral prednisolone
```
61
What type of drug is mesalazine
Aminosalicylate
62
Test done on admission for UC
CXR and interferon gamma assay to allow inflimab if needed
63
Treatment of toxic megacolon
ABCDE IV hydrocortisone, Infliximab, surgical opinion
64
What causes toxic megacolon
C difficile or UC
65
Risk of perforation
3cm SBO, 6cm LBO, 9cm Caecum
66
UC histology
Crypt abscesses
Decreased goblet cells
Neutrophil infiltration
67
Crohns histology
Graunloma
| Increased goblet cells
68
Endoscopic appearance of Crohns
Cobblestone
69
Endoscopic apppearance of UC
Pseudopolyps
70
AEIOU Renal replacement
```
Acidosis 7.2
Electrolyte: refractory hyperkalaemia
inTOXICations
Oedema pulmonary
Uraemia
```
71
ACR less than 3
A1
72
ACR 3-30
A2
73
ACR over 30
A3
74
CKD complications
```
Anaemia
Renal Osteodystrophy
AKI
Fluid overload
Hyperkalaemia
```
75
What can cause pericarditis in CKD
Uraemia
76
Where does skin cancer met to
Lymph
Liver
Lung
77
What type of excision is used for BCC
Mohs
78
How do you treat unresectable skin cancer
Radiotherapy
79
Treatment of seborrheic keratosis
Cryotherapy
80
Investigation of cellulitis
Blood cultures
| Bacterial wound swabs
81
Skin biopsy= sezary cells
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma
82
Steroid for alopecia
Dermovate
83
First line treatment of acne
Tretinoin
84
Triad of symptoms in serotonin syndrome
Neuromuscular excitation
Autonomic effects
Altered mental state
85
Antisocail PD
Psychopath
86
What drug do you give with lorazepam 0.5mg in rapid tranquilisation
Promethazine
87
Treatment of acute dystonic reaction
IM procyclidine
88
How long does section 3 last
6 months
89
Which section is removal from home
135
90
Which section is removal from public place
136
91
3 elecrolytes raised in refeeding syndrome
Pottasium
Phosphate
Magnesium
92
Signs and symptoms of eating disorders
```
Long QT and heart block
Lanugo hair
Constipation
Russels sign
Parotid hypertrophy
Arrythmias
```
93
First line investigation for autism
Childhood Autism Screening Tool
94
Diagnostic investigation for autism
Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised
95
Name 4 sexual therapies
CBT
Integrative
Systemic
Psychodynamic
96
Name two female sexual disorders
Female orgasmic disorder
| Female arousal disorder
97
Treatment of chlamydia
Doxycylcline BD for 7 days
98
Treatment of LGV
Doxycycline
99
Organism which causes BV
Gardrenella Vaginalis
100
Investigation for trichomonas vaginalis
Wet mount microscopy (of strawberry cervix)
101
Three screening tools for alcoholism
CAGE
AUDIT
FAST
102
Treatment of Rona
```
Titrate oxygen aiming 92-96
IV dexamethasone
Add on calcitonin, continue abx till thats back
Blood cultures
Needs an escalation plan
```
103
COPD exacerbation
Salbutamol and ipratropium nebulisers
Prednisolone 30mg PO
Consider antibiotics, consider NIV
104
Management of HAP in STH
Doxycycline
105
Causes of high blood sugar
```
Steroids
Missed insulin dose
Alcohol
High sugar intake
Acute illness
Sepsis
Surgery
```
106
Causes of low blood sugar
```
Alcohol
Insulin
abrupt steroid withdrawal
malnutrition
malabsorption
liver failure
Sepsis
addisons
Insulinoma
```
107
What fluid for hypoglycaemia
100ml of 20% glucose over 15 minutes
Long term 100ml of 10%/hr
108
Signs of fluid status
```
BP
HR
Cap refill time
Skin turgor
Mouth
Sunken eyes
JVP
Oedema
Peripheral temperature
```
109
How much sodium and chloride is in 0.9% NaCl
154
110
Requirments for water each day
25-30ml/kg
111
Requirements for electrolytes each day (Na, K and Cl)
1mmol/kg/day
112
Requirements for glucose each day
50-100g/day
113
When to give dextrose
If they have already had their Na and Cl for the day
114
What are you aiming for for fall of sodium in hypernatraemia
10 per 24hr
