New tings Flashcards
(157 cards)
1
Q
Treatment of unstable tachycardia
A
Three shocks then amiodarone
2
Q
How long do you run burns under water for
A
30 minutes
3
Q
How many 500ml Boluses can you give in shock
A
4 (2 Litres)
4
Q
What counts as massive blood loss
A
2L in 3 hours
5
Q
What do you give to correct raised APTT and PT
A
Fresh frozen plasma
6
Q
Treatment of a moderate asthma attack
A
GP and pred
7
Q
Symptoms of acute angle closure glaucoma
A
Pain, nausea, dilated pupil and hazy cornea
8
Q
What does miosis mean
A
Small pupil
9
Q
Is a stye or a chalazion painful
A
Stye
10
Q
Glare and reduced colour vision treatment
A
Cataracts so phaeocoemulsification
11
Q
Name of an anti VEGF
A
Afibercept
12
Q
Central vision loss
A
Retinal detachment
13
Q
Dark spots
A
Vitreous haemorrhage
14
Q
Peripheral flashes and floaters
A
Posterior vitreous haemorrhage
15
Q
Investigation for CRVO and CRAO
A
Fluorescin Angiogram
16
Q
Which virus causes Ramsay Hunt
A
Herpes Zoster
17
Q
Sinusitis that has lasted less than 10 days
A
Viral
18
Q
How long does chronic sinusitis last
A
More than 3 months
19
Q
Opacification/ ulcer of the cornea
A
Keratitis, emergency
20
Q
Small and fixed pupil with ciliary flush (red ring of inflammation spreading out from pupil)
A
Anterior uveitis
21
Q
Treatment of bacterial otitis externa
A
Topical ciprofloxacin
22
Q
Investigation for acoustic neuroma
A
Gadolinium enhanced MRI
23
Q
Medication for vertigo
A
Promethazine or prochlorperazine
24
Q
Prevention of menieres
A
Beta histene and low salt diet
25
Investigation for disease caused by RNA paramyxovirus
Salivary mumps IgM
26
What causes tonsilitis
Adenovirus
27
Antibiotic for sinusitis
Coamoxiclav
28
Proper name for croup
Laryngotracheobronchitis
29
Whats the causative organism of croup
Parainfluenza virus
30
Observations for severe asthma
Heart rate over 110
| RR over 25
31
Sweat concentration in CF
>60mmol/L
32
Indications for LTOT in COPD
ABG findings
Polycythaemia
Pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary oedema
33
What causes redcurrant jelly sputum
Klebsiella
34
Consequences of mycoplasma pneumonia
Encephalitis, myocarditis, ITP, erythema nodosum
35
Treatment of sarcoidosis acutely
IV methylpred
36
Signs of sarcoidosis
Bihilar lymphadenopathy, fever, arthralgia, hypercalcaemia, loss of weight
37
Valve defect in pulmonary hypertension
Tricuspid regurgitation
38
Pulmonary hypertension value
25mmhg at rest
39
Treatment of P Aureginosa
Ciprofloxacin
40
Advice after pneumothorax
Dont go scuba diving
Dont fly for 1 week
Smoking cessation
41
Which two investigations can rule out lupus
Complement and ANA
42
Treatment of goodpastures
Prednisolone and plasmapharesis
43
Treatment of wegeners
Prednisolone and methotrexate
44
Diagnostic investigation for mesolthelioma
Thoracocentesis and biopsy
45
Special histological finding for AML
Auer rods
46
Special histological finding for CLL
Smudge cells
47
Treatment of myeloma
Thalidomide and dexamethasone
48
Investigation of myeloma
Skeletal survery
Serum electrophoresis
Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy
49
In hypercalacaemia which two other electrolytes do you look at
Magnesium and pottasium
50
Symptoms of TTP
Prodrome, neuro and renal
51
Treatment of ITP
Pred and IVIG
52
Treatment of TTP
Plasma exchange
53
Febrile neutropenia requirements
Temperature over 38 and neutrophil count below 500
54
Treatment of G6PD
Folic acid
55
PCKD complications
SAH
Aneurysms
Renal stones
UTI
56
Treatment of prostatitis
Ciprofloxacin
57
Treatment of pregnant UTI
5 days nitrofurantoin
58
Causes of nephrotic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous nephropathy (teens)
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Diabetes
59
Causes of nephritis syndrome
Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
IgA nephropathy
Goodpastures
SLE
60
Treatment of nephrotic
Steroids
61
Treatment of nephritic
ACE
62
Which testes is more commonly affected in varicocele
Left
63
Which score determines treatment in BPH
International prostate symptom score
64
Diagnostic investigation for prostate cancer
Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy
65
Treatment of conns
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy
66
1st and diagnostic investigation for acromegaly
Oral glucose tolerance test
| Pituitary MRI
67
What should you exclude in cushings
Alcohol, pregnancy and stress
68
Symptoms of CKD
```
Fatigue
Oedema
Pruritus
N and V
Anorexia
Restless legs
```
69
Which neuroendocrine cancer causes hypocalcaemia
Medullary thyroid cancer causes raised calcitonin
70
Autoantibodies in diabetes
Islet cells
Glutamic decarboxylase
Zinc Transporter 8
GADA
71
Requirements for hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
Raised glucose
Raised sodium
volume depletion
No ketosis
72
What is the urinary calcium like in primary hyperparathyroid
Low
73
Treatment of hypokalaemia
SandoK then IV K
74
Symptoms of hyperkalaemia
Muscle weakness
Cramps
Reduced tone and reflexes
Constipation
75
Drugs which cause hyperkalaemia
```
NSAIDs
ACE inhibitors
Sprinolactone
CKD
DKA
```
76
JAK2
Polycythaemia rubra vera
77
Investigations for MG
Acetylchoilne receptor antibodies
Muscle specific tyrosine kinase antibodies
Serial FVC
CT chest for thymoma
78
Treatment of fungal meningitis
Amphtocerin B
79
What should you do after pred in GCA
Request opthalmology review
80
Treatment of parkinsons
Levodopa and Carbidopa
81
When do you start levodopa and carbidopa
When motor symptoms are affecting ADLs
82
Signs of Pericarditis
Raised JVP, low BP and muffled heart sounds
83
Time frame for PCI in STEMI
120 minutes
84
Investigation for angina
CT coronary angiography
85
What is stave two HTN
160/100 OR 150/95 at home
86
Permanent AF definition
More than 1year, no longer attempting rhythm control
87
Diagnosis of Peripheral vascular disease
CT coronary angiogram
88
What can you give when hypotension and shock
Adrenaline
89
What signs do both regurgitations have
Displaced and forceful apex beat
90
What sign do mitral valve defects get
RV heave
91
Structural heart disease investigations
Transthoracic echo, ECG and chest XR
92
Treatment of RA when pregnant/ flares
Prednisolone
93
Causes of erythema multiforme
Herpes and mycoplasma pneumonia
94
Investigation for venous ulcer
Doppler and ultrasound to exclude arterial disease
95
Treatment of both bowens and acitinic keratosis
Fluoracil and crythotherapy
96
Seborrheic keratosis
Lots of brown stuck on papules
97
Define delirium
Acute and fluctuating disturbance in level of consciousness, attention and cognition
98
Treatment of AD
Donepezil or Rivastigmine
99
What does malaria cause
Renal impairment
Acidosis
DIC
Seizures
100
Stepwise management of gastroenteritis
Loperamide
Rehydration
Azithromycin
101
Treatment to household contacts of people with meningitis
500mg ciprofloxacin
102
What can pneumonia lead to
PE
Pneumothorax
Emphysema
Lung abscess
103
Seborrheic dermatitis
Pink and oily psoarisis
104
First line treatment of eczema
Emolient and hydrocortisone
105
Treatment of pityriasis rosacea
Supportive
106
Treatment of pityriasis vesicolor
Topical terbinafine
107
Investigation for raised ICP
LP and pressure measurement
108
Treament of subdural
Loading dose IV phenytoin
Stop blood thinners
?Neurosurgery
109
Treatment of SAH
Nimodipine
110
Investigation for brain tumour
MRI and surgical biopsy
111
TIA treatment
300mg Aspirin, then two weeks of aspirin and clopidogrel then clopidogrel and statin for life
112
How long off driving after TIA
Month
113
Investigation for ischaemic colitis
First CT scan
| Diagnostic is colonoscopy
114
Prehaptic jaundice causes
Haemolytic anaemia
Gilberts
Criggler Najar
115
Post hepatic causes of jaundice
Conjugated, obstructive, dark urine pale stools
116
Follow up for hepatitis
Fibroscan at 6 weeks
117
Volume of ascites
1.5L
118
Volvolus investigation and treatment
Upper GI contrast studies
| Ladd procedure
119
Symptoms of haemochromatosis
Bronzed skin
Arthralgia
DM
120
1st and diagnostic investigations for wilsons disease
1. Serum caeruloplasmin
| Diagnostic. 24hr urinary copper
121
Diarrhoea and prodrome
Viral or campylobacter
122
Hiatus hernia investigation
Upper GI contrast studies
123
Crohns bowel complications
Fistulae, abscesses
124
Pancreatic cancer investigation
Ultrasound and CA19-9
125
Steatorrhoea and glasgow score
Pancreatitis
126
Investigation for appendicitis
CT Abdomen
127
Investigation for diverticulitis
AXR
128
Rome 4 criteria
1 day, 2 symptoms, 3 months
129
ALARMS symptoms
```
Anaemia
Loss of weight
Appetite loss
Recent onset
Mass
Swallowing difficulty
```
130
Motor neuropathies
GBS
Porphyria
Charcot marie tooth
131
Why do you give phenytoin in subdural
Prophylactic for seizures
132
Treatment of cluster headache
100% oxygen and sumatriptan
| Verapamil prevention
133
Treatment options for stroke
Alteplase in 4.5 hours
| Thrombectomy in 6
134
Parietal lobe symptoms
Dyscalcia
Agraphia
Cant recognise people
135
Temporal lobe symptoms
Deja vu
| intense feelings
136
Which artery territory is responsible for leg
Anterior cerebral artery
137
Which artery territory is responsible for arm
mIDDLE
138
Visual agnosia and hemianopia
Posterior cerebral artery
139
Treatment of MG
Rivastigmine
140
Treatment of meninigitis
IV ceftriaxone and dexamethasone stat
141
What infection can preced HSP
URTI with strep pyogenes
142
Triad of nephrotic syndrome
Hypoalbuminaemia
Proteinuria
Oedema
143
First line for seizure in kids
Buccal midazolam
144
Causes of cerebral palsy
Cerebral malformation
Perinatal hypoxi
Post natal stroke or meningitis
145
Signs of kawasakis CRASH and Burn
```
Conjunctivits
Rash
Adenopathy
Strawberry tongue
Hands and feet desquamation
```
Burning fever for 5 days
146
Treament of kawasakis
Aspirin and IVIG
147
Sign of pataus
Polydactyly
148
Which chromosome abnormality is Edwards
Trisomy 18
149
Investigation for rheumatic fever
Antistreptococcal antibody swab
150
Treatment of croup
Nebulised adrenaline, oral dexamethasone, high flow oxygen and IVI
151
Treatment of whooping cough
Azithromycin
152
Treatment of bronchiolitis
Humidified oxygen, NG feeds, fluids
153
Double bubble on XR
Duodenal atresia
154
What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children
Rotavirus
155
Investigation for pyloric stenosis
USS Abdomen
156
Investigation of hirshprungs
Suction rectal biopsy, biopsying to see if nerves there
157
Causes of jaundice beyond 2 weeks
Pyloric stenosis
| Biliary atresia
