中国历史Fairbanks Flashcards

Question

篇幅

Answer 1

篇幅 piānfu NOUN 1 length (of a piece of writing) 文章篇幅不太长。 wénzhāng piānfu bùtài cháng. This article is not very long. 2 space (on a printed page) 篇幅有限 Piānfu yǒuxiàn have limited space 报纸用大量篇幅报道了这次会议。 Bàozhǐ yòng dàliàng piānfu bàodào le zhècì huìyì. The press gave the conference wide coverage.

Answer 2

大漠 dàmò NOUN LITERARY vast desert

Answer 3

栖居〔棲-〕 qījū VERB reside; dwell

Answer 4

狭〔狹〕 xiá ADJECTIVE narrow (opp. 广) 坡陡路狭。 Pō dǒu lù xiá. The slope is steep and the path narrow.

Answer 5

游牧〔遊-〕 yóumù VERB move about in search of pasture; rove around as a nomad

Answer 6

融 róng VERB 1 melt away; thaw 融冰 róngbīng melting ice 春雪易融。 chūnxuě yì róng, Spring snow soon melts. 2 blend; fuse; be in harmony 融成一片 róng chéng yī piàn blend into one 油和水不相融。 yóu hé shuǐ bù xiāng róng. Oil and water do not blend. 3 circulation (of money, etc.) 金融 jīnróng finance; banking

Answer 7

格局 géjú NOUN pattern; setup; structure 外交格局 Wàijiāo géjú pattern of a country’s foreign affairs 文章的格局 Wénzhāng degéjú organization of an article

Answer 8

范式〔範-〕 fànshì NOUN paradigm; pattern; canonical form

Answer 9

脱胎〔脫-〕 tuō//tāi VERB 1 emerge from the womb of; be born out of 社会主义社会是从资本主义社会脱胎而来的。 Shèhuìzhǔyì shèhuì shì cóng zīběnzhǔyì shèhuì tuōtāi ér lái de. Socialist society emerges from the womb of capitalist society. 这部小说脱胎于民间传说。 Zhè bù xiǎoshuō tuōtāi yú mínjiān chuánshuō. This novel has been developed out of a folk story. 2 make bodiless lacquerware

Answer 10

基督 Jīdū NOUN Christ

Answer 11

伊斯兰〔--蘭〕 Yīsīlán Islam

Answer 12

Alexander the Great

Answer 13

入侵 rùqīn VERB invade; intrude; make an incursion; make inroads 入侵飞机 rùqīn fēijī an intruding aircraft 军事入侵 jūnshì rùqīn military incursion 消灭一切敢于入侵的敌人 xiāomiè yīqiè gǎnyú rùqīn de dírén wipe out all enemies who dare to invade our country

Answer 14

摇篮〔搖籃〕 yáolán NOUN cradle 黄河是中国文化的摇篮。 Huáng Hé shì Zhōngguó wénhuà deyáolán. The Yellow River was the cradle of Chinese civilization.

Answer 15

山脉〔-脈〕 shānmài NOUN mountain range; mountain chain 昆仑山脉 Kūnlúnshānmài Kunlun mountain range

Answer 16

屋脊 wūjǐ NOUN ridge (of a roof); crest; fastigium 青藏高原有世界屋脊之称。 Qīng Zàng gāoyuán yǒu shìjiè wūjǐ zhī chēng. The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is known as the roof of the world.

Answer 17

延伸 yánshēn VERB extend; stretch; elongate 铁路一直延伸到海边。 Tiělù yīzhí yánshēn dào hǎibiān. The railway line stretches right to the coast.

Answer 18

崇山峻岭〔---嶺〕 chóngshān-jùnlǐng IDIOM lofty ridges and towering mountains

Answer 19

驯化〔馴-〕 xùnhuà VERB domesticate; tame 鹿群经过驯化, 可以放牧。 Lù qún jīngguò xùnhuà, kěyǐ fàngmù. Deer can be tamed and trained to go out to pasture.

Answer 20

若干 ruògān PRONOUN 1 some; a certain number or amount 若干次 ruògān cì several times 若干年 Ruògān nián a number of years 若干地区 ruògān dìqū certain areas 2 LITERARY how many; how much 一共若干？ yīgòng ruògān How many in all? or What is the sum total?

Answer 21

深耕细作〔--細-〕 shēngēngxìzuò deep ploughing and intensive cultivation

Answer 22

阴沉〔陰-〕 yīnchén ADJECTIVE cloudy; overcast; gloomy; sombre 脸色阴沉 Liǎnsè yīnchén have a sombre countenance; look glum 天色阴沉。 Tiānsè yīnchén. The sky is cloudy (or grey).

Answer 23

取而代之 qǔ'érdàizhī IDIOM replace sb.; supersede sb.

Answer 24

充沛 chōngpèi ADJECTIVE plentiful; abundant; copious 充沛的体力 chōngpèi de tǐlì strong; vigorous; energetic 充沛的文学创作热情 chōngpèi de wénxué chuàngzuò rèqíng enormous enthusiasm for literary creation 精力充沛 jīnglìchōngpèi be energetic; dynamic; exuberant 雨水充沛 Yǔshuǐ chōngpèi abundant rainfall

Answer 25

纬度〔緯-〕 wěidù NOUN latitude 高纬度 gāowěidù high latitudes 低纬度 dīwěidù low latitudes

Answer 26

作物 zuòwù NOUN crop 高产作物 gāochǎn zuòwù high-yield crops; highly productive crop

Answer 27

一年两熟〔--兩-〕 yīniánliǎngshú two crops a year

Answer 28

畜牧 xùmù VERB raise (or rear) livestock or poultry 从事畜牧 cóngshì xùmù go in for animal husbandry VARIANTS 牧畜 mùxù

Answer 29

农作物〔農--〕 nóngzuòwù NOUN crops

Answer 30

水稻 shuǐdào NOUN paddy (rice); rice (opp. 旱稻)

Answer 31

牧 mù VERB tend (sheep, cattle, etc.); herd 牧笛 mùdí shepherd’s flute

Answer 32

畜 chù NOUN domestic animal; livestock 牲畜 shēngchù livestock; domestic animals

Answer 33

谷类〔穀類〕 gǔlèi cereals

Answer 34

种植〔種-〕 zhòngzhí VERB plant; grow 油菜种植面积 yóucài zhòngzhí miànji rape-growing areas; areas sown to rape

Answer 35

亩产量〔畝產-〕 mǔchǎnliàng per mu yield

Answer 36

狩猎〔-獵〕 shòuliè VERB hunt

Answer 37

折射 zhéshè VERB 1 PHYSICS refract 2 reveal; reflect 这个故事折射出更广泛的社会趋势。 zhège gùshi zhéshè chū gèng guǎngfàn de shèhuì qūshì. The tale reflects wider social trends.

Answer 38

呈 chéng VERB 1 assume (form, colour, etc.) 叶片呈椭圆形。 Yèpiàn chéng tuǒyuánxíng. The leaf is oval in shape. 2 submit or present (a report, etc.) to a superior NOUN petition; memorial

Answer 39

迁徙〔遷-〕 qiānxǐ VERB move; migrate; change one's residence 人口迁徙 Rénkǒu qiānxǐ population migration 燕子秋天往南方迁徙。 Yànzi qiūtiān wǎng nánfāng qiānxǐ. Swallows migrate south in autumn.

Answer 40

考古 kǎogǔ VERB engage in archaeological studies 考古发掘 kǎogǔ fājué archaeological excavation NOUN VARIANT OF 考古学 archaeology

Answer 41

等量齐观〔--齊觀〕 děngliàng-qíguān IDIOM equate; put on a par with 这两部小说差得太远了, 怎么能等量齐观呢？ Zhè liǎng bù xiǎoshuō chà de tài yuǎn le, zěnme néng děngliàngqíguān ne？ These two novels are too different to put on a par with each other.

Answer 42

老挝〔-撾〕 Lǎowō Laos

Answer 43

缅甸〔緬-〕 Miǎndiàn Myanmar; Burma

Answer 44

沿海 yánhǎi NOUN along the coast; coastal; littoral 沿海自然资源 yánhǎi zìrán zīyuán the natural resources of coastal waters

Answer 45

吴语〔吳語〕 wúyǔ NOUN Wu dialect (a variety of Chinese spoken in southeastern Jiangsu and most of Zhejiang, major cities in this area including Shanghai, Suzhou, Ningbo, and Wenzhou) VARIANTS 吴方言〔吳方言〕 Wúfāngyán

Answer 46

闽语〔閩語〕 Mǐnyǔ Min dialects, spoken in Fujian Province, Taiwan etc

Answer 47

粤语〔粵語〕 yuèyǔ NOUN Guangdong dialect; Cantonese

Answer 48

一度 yīdù ADVERB 1 once 一年一度 yīnián-yīdù once a year; yearly; annually 2 on one occasion; for a time 他因病一度休学。 Tā yīn bìng yīdù xiūxué. He stopped going to school for a time because of illness. ADJECTIVE original 一度创作 yīdù chuàngzuò original work

Answer 49

殖民 zhímín VERB establish a colony; colonize 殖民国家 zhímín guójiā colonialist power 殖民扩张 zhímín kuòzhāng colonial expansion 殖民战争 zhímín zhànzhēng colonial war 非殖民化 fēizhímínhuà decolonize; decolonization

Answer 50

端 duān NOUN 1 end; extremity 两端 liǎngduān both ends 岛的南端 dǎo de nánduān the southern tip (or end) of the island 2 beginning 开端 kāiduān beginning; start 3 point; item 举其一端 jǔ qí yī duān for instance; just to mention one example 4 reason; cause 借端 jièduān use as a pretext 无端 wúduān for no reason VERB hold sth. level with both hands; carry 端盘子 duān pánzi carry a tray; be a waiter (or waitress) 端饭上菜 duān fàn shàng cài serve a meal 端进两杯茶来 duān jìn liǎng bēi chá lái bring in two cups of tea 给病人端大小便 gěi bìngrén duān dàxiǎobiàn carry bedpans for the patients 有什么想法都端出来。 Yǒu shénme xiǎngfa dōu duān chūlai. Say what you think! or Speak up! ADJECTIVE upright; proper 品行不端 pǐnxíng bùduān indecent behaviour; improper behaviour See 端坐

Answer 51

分水岭〔--嶺〕 fēnshuǐlǐng NOUN 1 GEOLOGY watershed; divide 2 line of demarcation; dividing line VARIANTS 分水线〔分水線〕 fēnshuǐxiàn

Answer 52

人烟稠密〔-煙--〕 rényān chóumì densely populated; populous

Answer 53

山洪 shānhóng NOUN mountain torrents; flash flood 山洪暴发。 Shānhóngbàofā. Torrents of water rushed down the mountain.

Answer 54

泛滥〔-濫〕 fànlàn VERB 1 be in flood; overflow; inundate 河水泛滥。 Héshuǐ fànlàn. The river was flooding. or The river overflowed its banks. 2 spread unchecked; proliferate uncontrolled 不能让毒品泛滥。 Bùnéng ràng dúpǐn fànlàn. Drugs should not be allowed to spread unchecked.

Answer 55

携带〔攜帶〕 xiédài VERB carry; take along 携带方便 xiédài fāngbiàn be easy to carry about 随身携带的物品 suíshēn xiédài de wùpǐn things carried on one’s person 旅客每人可携带行李二十公斤。 Lǚkè měi rén kě xiédài xíngli èrshí gōngjīn. Each passenger can take up to twenty kilograms of luggage.

Answer 56

淤泥 yūní NOUN silt; sludge; ooze 清除淤泥 qīngchú yūní clean up muddy deposit 陷进淤泥里 Xiàn jìn yūní lǐ settle in the mud

Answer 57

统治〔統-〕 tǒngzhì VERB rule; dominate 民主统治 mínzhǔ tǒngzhì democratic 占统治地位 zhàn tǒngzhì dìwèi occupy a dominant position; predominate

Answer 58

堤/隄 dī NOUN dyke; embankment 护堤 hùdī maintain and protect a dyke

Answer 59

决口〔決-〕 jué//kǒu VERB (of a dyke, etc.) breach; burst 河堤决口了。 Hédī juékǒu le. The river burst its banks.

Answer 60

庄稼〔莊-〕 zhuāngjia NOUN crops 晚庄稼 wǎnzhuāngjia late crops 种庄稼 zhòng zhuāngjia grow (or plant) crops

Answer 61

堤坝〔-壩〕 dībà NOUN dykes and dams

Answer 62

逢 féng VERB meet; come upon 逢人便问 Féng rén biàn wèn ask whoever happens to come one’s way 逢双日开放 féng shuāng rì kāifàng open on even days of the month 逢单日开放 féng dān rì kāifàng open on odd days of the month

Answer 63

鲜见〔鮮見〕 xiǎnjiàn rarely seen; seldom met with

Answer 64

那不勒斯 Nàbùlèsī 1 Napoli, capital of Campania region of Italy 2 Naples

Answer 65

炎热〔-熱〕 yánrè ADJECTIVE (of weather) scorching (or blazing, burning) hot 炎热的暑天 yánrè de shǔtiān sweltering summer day 冒着炎热 mào zhe yánrè braving the sweltering heat

Answer 66

开罗〔開羅〕 Kāiluó Cairo, capital of Egypt

Answer 67

斯德哥尔摩〔---爾-〕 Sīdégē'ěrmó Stockholm, capital of Sweden

Answer 68

灌溉 guàngài VERB irrigate; water 灌溉农田 guàngài nóngtián irrigate the fields

Answer 69

部落 bùluò NOUN tribe 土著部落 tǔzhù bùluò aboriginal tribe; native tribe 原始部落 yuánshǐ bùluò primitive tribe

Answer 70

截然 jiérán ADVERB LITERARY sharply; completely 截然对立 jiérán duìlì diametrically opposite 同他们以前的谈话截然相反 tóng tāmen yǐqián de tánhuà jiérán xiāngfǎn completely contradict their previous statement 两者不能截然分开。 Liǎngzhě bù néng jiérán fēnkāi. No hard and fast line can be drawn between the two. or There is no clear difference between the two.

Answer 71

淤积〔-積〕 yūjī VERB (of mud, sand, etc. in water) silt up; deposit 洪水过后, 地里淤积了一层泥浆。 Hóngshuǐ guòhòu, dì lǐ yūjī le yī céng níjiāng. When the flood subsided, it left a layer of mud in the fields. 别把烦恼淤积在心里。 bié bǎ fánnǎo yūjī zài xīnli. Don’t pen up worry in your mind.

Answer 72

肥沃 féiwò ADJECTIVE (of soil) fertile; rich 这里土地肥沃。 Zhèlǐ tǔdì féiwò. The land here is rich and fertile.

Answer 73

饥馑〔飢饉〕 jījǐn VARIANT OF 饥荒〔飢荒〕 jīhuang NOUN 1 famine; crop failure 一九三四年中国发生过一次大饥荒。 Yī jiǔ sānsì nián Zhōngguó fāshēng guò yī cì dà jīhuang. In 1934, there was a severe famine in China.

Answer 74

泵 bèng NOUN pump 高扬程泵 Gāo yángchéng bèng high lift pump VERB pump 从湖里泵水 Cóng hú lǐ bèng shuǐ pump water from a lake

Answer 75

旱灾〔-災〕 hànzāi NOUN drought (opp. 水灾)

Answer 76

载〔載〕 zǎi NOUN year 一年半载 yīniánbànzǎi in a year or so VERB put down in writing; record 据报载 jù bàozǎi according to press reports 条约中载明 tiáoyuē zhōng zǎimíng be clearly stated in the treaty

Answer 77

宜 yí ADJECTIVE suitable; appropriate; fitting 宜林 yílín suitable for planting trees 老幼咸宜 lǎo yòu xián yí suitable (or good) for both young and old VERB [as aux.] should; ought to 对孩子不宜要求过高。 Duì háizi bùyí yāoqiú guò gāo. You shouldn’t ask too much of a child. 讲演宜短不宜长。 Jiǎngyǎn yí duǎn bùyí cháng. A short speech is preferable to a long one.

Answer 78

粪〔糞〕 fèn NOUN excrement; faeces; dung; droppings VERB LITERARY 1 clear away; wipe out 粪除 fènchú wipe out 2 LITERARY apply manure 粪田 fèntián manure the fields

Answer 79

畜养〔-養〕 xùyǎng VERB raise (domestic animals)

Answer 80

苗床 miáochuáng NOUN seedbed; seed plot

Answer 81

插秧 chā//yāng VERB ARGRICULTURE transplant rice seedlings (or rice shoots)

Answer 82

丝织品〔絲織-〕 sīzhīpǐn NOUN 1 silk fabrics 2 silk knit goods

Answer 83

孵化 fūhuà VERB hatch; incubate

Answer 84

桑叶〔-葉〕 sāngyè NOUN mulberry leaves

Answer 85

呵护〔-護〕 hēhù VERB take good care of; protect 用心呵护家人 yòngxīn hēhù jiārén take good care of one’s family

Answer 86

茧〔繭〕 jiǎn NOUN cocoon 蚕茧 cánjiǎn silkworm cocoon 绵茧 mián jiǎn cocoon satine 作茧 zuòjiǎn cocoon VARIANT OF 趼 jiǎn NOUN callus; callosity

Answer 87

烘焙 hōngbèi VERB cure (tea or tobacco leaves)

Answer 88

拣选〔揀選〕 jiǎnxuǎn VERB select; choose

Answer 89

汲水 jíshuǐ to draw water

Answer 90

辘轳〔轆轤〕 lùlu NOUN well-pulley; windlass; winch

Answer 91

舢板 shānbǎn NOUN sampan / raft-like boat (舨 bǎn) VARIANTS 三板 sānbǎn 舢舨 shānbǎn

Answer 92

赋税〔賦稅〕 fùshuì NOUN taxes

Answer 93

脑筋〔腦-〕 nǎojīn NOUN 1 brains; mind; head 你问杨先生吧。他脑筋好, 记得清。 Nǐ wèn yáng xiānsheng ba. Tā nǎojīn hǎo, jìde qīng. Ask Mr. Yang, he has a good memory. See 动脑筋 2 way of thinking; ideas 旧脑筋 jiù nǎojīn old fogey

Answer 94

贮存〔貯-〕 zhùcún VERB store; keep in storage VARIANTS 存贮〔存貯〕 cúnzhù

Answer 95

贱〔賤〕 jiàn ADJECTIVE 1 low-priced; inexpensive; cheap (opp. 贵) 贱卖 jiànmài sell cheap 2 lowly; humble (opp. 贵) 贫贱 pínjiàn poor and humble 3 low-down; base; despicable 她很贱！ Tā hěn jiàn! She’s so cheap! 4 SELF-DEPRECATING my 您贵姓？贱姓王。 Nín guìxìng? jiàn xìng wáng. Your surname, please? My surname is Wang.

Answer 96

高利贷〔--貸〕 gāolìdài NOUN usury; usurious loan 放高利贷 fàng gāolìdài practice usury

Answer 97

盘剥〔盤剝〕 pánbō VERB practise usury; exploit 重利盘剥 zhònglìpánbō lend money at usurious rates; exploit by practising usury

Answer 98

剥削〔剝-〕 bōxuē VERB exploit 消灭人剥削人的制度 Xiāomiè rén bōxuē rén de zhìdù abolish the system of exploitation of man by man

Answer 99

以物易物 Yǐwùyìwù barter

Answer 100

集市 jíshì NOUN country fair; market; marketplace

Answer 101

惰性 duòxìng NOUN inertia

Answer 102

连同〔連-〕 liántóng CONJUNCTION together with; along with 图纸连同清单一并送去。 Túzhǐ liántóng qīngdān yī bìng sòng qù. Send the blueprints along with the inventory.

Answer 103

塑造 sùzào VERB 1 model; mould 塑造一座石膏像 sùzào yī zuò shígāoxiàng mould (or model) a plaster figure 2 portray 塑造一个女警察的英雄形象 sùzào yī ge nǚ jǐngchá de yīngxióng xíngxiàng portray a heroic policewoman

Answer 104

牢记〔-記〕 láojì VERB keep firmly in mind; remember well 牢记不忘 láojì bùwàng be embedded in memory; bear in mind 牢记教训 láojì jiàoxun well remember the lessons 牢记历史 láojì lìshǐ keep history in mind

Answer 105

祭祖 jìzǔ sacrifice to ancestors

Answer 106

儒家 Rújiā NOUN Confucianists (a school of thought in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, 770-221 BC); Confucian school

Answer 107

君臣 jūn chén monarch and his subjects

Answer 108

涉及 shèjí VERB involve; relate to; touch upon 双方的分歧涉及一些重大原则性问题。 Shuāngfāng de fēnqí shèjí yīxiē zhòngdà yuánzéxìng wèntí. The differences between the two sides involve major matters of principle. 遗传工程涉及的学科和技术面很广。 Yíchuán gōngchéng shèjí de xuékē hé jìshù miàn hěn guǎng. Genetic engineering deals with a wide range of disciplines and technologies.

Answer 109

庞杂〔龐雜〕 pángzá ADJECTIVE numerous and jumbled 机构庞杂 jīgòu pángzá cumbersome administrative structure 议论庞杂 Yìlùn pángzá many and jumbled comments

Answer 110

孝 xiào NOUN 1 filial piety (or obedience) 尽孝 jìnxiào fulfill one’s duty to one’s parents; display piety towards one’s parents 2 conventional mourning rites for a deceased elder member of one's family 守孝 shǒuxiào observe a period of mourning for one’s deceased parent 3 mourning apparel 穿孝 chuānxiào be in mourning; wear mourning ADJECTIVE filial See 孝子á

Answer 111

服从〔-從〕 fúcóng VERB obey; submit (oneself) to; be subordinated to 服从命令 fúcóng mìnglìng obey orders 少数服从多数。 Shǎoshù fúcóng duōshù. The minority should submit to the majority. 个人利益应当服从集体利益。 Gèrén lìyì yīngdāng fúcóng jítǐ lìyì. One’s personal interests should be subordinated to the interests of the collective.

Answer 112

包办〔-辦〕 bāobàn VERB 1 take care of everything concerning a job 这件事你一个人包办了吧。 Zhè jiàn shì nǐ yī ge rén bāobàn le ba. You’d better do the whole thing yourself. 2 run the whole show; monopolize everything 包办结婚 bāobàn jiéhūn forced into an arranged marriage

Answer 113

寡妇〔-婦〕 guǎfu NOUN widow 寡妇门前是非多。 guǎfu ménqián shìfēi duō Slanders cluster round a widow’s door.

Answer 114

妾 qiè NOUN DATED 1 concubine 2 [a form of self-address formerly used by a wife when speaking to her husband] 妾不负郎君, 郎君自负妾耳！ (《今古奇观》) qiè bùfù lángjūn, lángjūn zìfù qiè ěr! I have not been untrue to you; it’s you who have betrayed me! VARIANTS 妾身 qièshēn

Answer 115

蕴含〔蘊-〕 yùnhán VERB 1 LITERARY contain 故事虽短, 却蕴涵着深刻的哲理。 gùshi suī duǎn, què yùnhán zhe shēnkè de zhélǐ. The story, short as it is, contains a profound philosophy.

Answer 116

忠贞〔-貞〕 zhōngzhēn ADJECTIVE loyal and steadfast 忠贞不屈 zhōngzhēnbùqū staunch and indomitable

Answer 117

鸿沟〔鴻溝〕 hónggōu NOUN wide gap; chasm; gulf 不可逾越的鸿沟 bùkěyúyuè de hónggōu impassable gulf

Answer 118

荣誉〔榮譽〕 róngyù NOUN honour; credit; glory 个人荣誉 gèrén róngyù personal honour 爱护集体的荣誉 àihù jítǐ de róngyù cherish the good name of the collective 为祖国赢得荣誉 wèi zǔguó yíngdé róngyù win honour for one’s country

Answer 119

痼疾 gùjí NOUN chronic (or incurable) illness 医学的发达, 使很多所谓痼疾都能治愈。 yīxué de fādá, shǐ hěn duō suǒwèi gùjí dōu néng zhìyù. Advances in medical science have made it possible to cure many so-called incurable diseases. VARIANTS 固疾 gùjí 锢疾〔錮疾〕 gùjí

Answer 120

风貌〔風-〕 fēngmào NOUN 1 style and features 民间艺术的风貌 Mínjiān yìshù de fēngmào style and features of folk art 2 view; scene 农村新风貌 nóngcūn xīn fēngmào new look of the countryside 3 elegant appearance and bearing

Answer 121

奉献〔-獻〕 fèngxiàn VERB offer as a tribute; present with all respect 奉献精神 fèngxiàn jīngshén dedication; spirit of devotion

Answer 122

军阀〔軍閥〕 jūnfá NOUN warlord

Answer 123

政党〔-黨〕 zhèngdǎng NOUN political party

Answer 124

专政〔專-〕 zhuānzhèng NOUN DATED dictatorship

Answer 125

意识形态〔-識-態〕 yìshi xíngtài NOUN PHILOSOPHY ideology 社会意识形态 shèhuì yìshi xíngtài social ideology 意识形态方面普遍存在的问题 yìshi xíngtài fāngmiàn pǔbiàn cúnzài de wèntí problems prevalent in the realm of ideology

Answer 126

束缚〔-縛〕 shùfù VERB tie; bind up; fetter 束缚手脚 shùfù shǒu-jiǎo bind sb. hand and foot; tie sb.’s hands; hamper the initiative of 束缚生产力 shùfù shēngchǎnlì fetter the productive forces 冲破旧思想的束缚 chōngpò jiù sīxiǎng de shùfù smash the trammels of old ideas 挣脱封建礼教的束缚 zhèngtuō fēngjiàn lǐjiào de shùfù shake off the yoke of the feudal ethical code 僵化思想束缚着一些人的头脑。 Jiānghuà sīxiǎng shùfù zhe yīxiē rén de tóunǎo. An ossified way of thinking shackles some people’s minds.

Answer 127

涌 yǒng VERB 1 gush; pour; surge 风啸浪涌。 Fēng xiào làng yǒng. The wind howls and the waves surge. 大家都向外涌。 Dàjiā dōu xiàng wài yǒng. The crowd was pouring out. 石油喷涌而出。 Shíyóu pēnyǒng ér chū. Oil gushed out. 一排排巨浪向石滩涌来。 Yī pái pái jùlàng xiàng shí tān yǒng lái. Huge waves surged over the rocks. 2 rise; spring; well; emerge 多少往事涌上心头。 Duōshao wǎngshì yǒng shàng xīntóu. Memories of the past welled up in my mind. 海上涌出一轮红日。 Hǎishàng yǒngchū yī lún hóng rì. A red sun rose above the sea. NOUN huge sea waves VARIANTS 湧 yǒng

Answer 128

拘束 jūshù VERB restrain; restrict 不要拘束孩子们的正当活动。 Bùyào jūshù háizi men de zhèngdāng huódòng. Don’t restrict children’s normal activities. ADJECTIVE constrained; awkward; ill at ease 在生人面前显得拘束 Zài shēng rén miànqián xiǎnde jūshù look ill at ease in the presence of strangers 不要拘束。 Bùyào jūshù. Make yourself at home. or Relax!

Answer 129

潜伏〔潛-〕 qiánfú VERB hide; conceal; lie low 潜伏的疾病 qiánfú de jíbìng an insidious disease 潜伏着的危机 qiánfú zhe de wēijī latent crisis

Answer 130

秩序 zhìxù NOUN order 守秩序 shǒu zhìxù observe order 工作秩序 gōngzuò zhìxù order of work 维持社会秩序 wéichí shèhuì zhìxù maintain public order 紧张而有秩序的工作 jǐnzhāng ér yǒu zhìxù de gōngzuò intense but orderly work

Answer 131

肆虐 sìnüè VERB LITERARY indulge in wanton massacre (or persecution); wreak havoc 疾病肆虐的地区 jíbìng sìnüè de dìqū area where diseases run rampant 狂风肆虐。 kuángfēng sìnüè Fierce wind wreaked havoc.

Answer 132

肆虐 sìnüè VERB LITERARY indulge in wanton massacre (or persecution); wreak havoc 疾病肆虐的地区 jíbìng sìnüè de dìqū area where diseases run rampant 狂风肆虐。 kuángfēng sìnüè Fierce wind wreaked havoc.

Answer 133

棉纺〔-紡〕 miánfǎng NOUN cotton spinning (or textile)

Answer 134

棉纱〔-紗〕 miánshā NOUN cotton yarn

Answer 135

羽翼 yǔyì NOUN 1 wing 2 FIGURATIVE USUALLY PEJORATIVE assistant; supporter; support 羽翼渐成 yǔyì jiàn chéng have enough trustworthy assistants

Answer 136

通商口岸 tōngshāng kǒu'àn trading (or open) port

Answer 137

监督〔監-〕 jiāndū NOUN supervisor VERB supervise; superintend; control 国际监督 guójì jiāndū international control (or supervision) 加强质量监督和财务监督 Jiāqiáng zhìliàng jiāndū hé cáiwù jiāndū intensify effective supervision with regard to quality and finances

Answer 138

滞缓〔滯緩〕 zhìhuǎn ADJECTIVE slow; tardy; sluggish 行动滞缓 xíngdòng zhìhuǎn move slowly 生产增长滞缓 shēngchǎn zēngzhǎng zhìhuǎn sluggish production growth

Answer 139

廉价〔-價〕 liánjià ADJECTIVE 1 low-priced; cheap 廉价出售 liánjià chūshòu sell at a low price; sell cheap 廉价买进 liánjià mǎijìn buy cheap 廉价抛售 liánjià pāoshòu distressed sale 2 FIGURATIVE worthless; valueless 廉价的表扬 liánjià de biǎoyáng cheap praise

Answer 140

捐税〔-稅〕 juānshuì NOUN DATED taxes and levies

Answer 141

兵役 bīngyì NOUN military service 兵役期满 bīngyì qīmǎn complete one’s term of military service; serve one’s full time in the army 服兵役 fú bīngyì serve in the army; perform military service

Answer 142

贫民窟〔貧--〕 pínmínkū slum

Answer 143

贫民〔貧-〕 pínmín NOUN poor people; pauper 城市贫民 chéngshì pínmín the urban poor

Answer 144

崛起 juéqǐ VERB LITERARY 1 (of a mountain, etc.) rise abruptly; suddenly appear on the horizon 2 rise to prominence 大国的崛起 dàguó dejuéqǐ the rise of great powers

Answer 145

旗帜〔-幟〕 qízhì NOUN 1 banner; flag 悬挂中国旗帜的货船 Xuánguà Zhōngguó qízhì de huòchuán a cargo ship flying a Chinese flag 五彩缤纷的旗帜迎风飘扬。 Wǔcǎibīnfēn de qízhì yíngfēng piāoyáng. Colourful flags are fluttering in the breeze. 近几年来, 该厂一直是工业界的一面旗帜。 jìnjǐnián lái, gāi chǎng yīzhí shì gōngyèjiè de yīmiàn qízhì. In recent years, this factory has served as a model on the industrial front. 2 FIGURATIVE stand; attitude 3 FIGURATIVE banner (of a representative thought or political stand) 高举马克思主义的旗帜 Gāojǔ Mǎkèsīzhǔyì deqízhì hold aloft (or up) the banner of Marxism

Answer 146

统治〔統-〕 tǒngzhì VERB rule; dominate 民主统治 mínzhǔ tǒngzhì democratic 占统治地位 zhàn tǒngzhì dìwèi occupy a dominant position; predominate

Answer 147

佃户〔-戶〕 diànhù NOUN tenant (farmer)

Answer 148

贫农〔貧農〕 pínnóng NOUN HISTORY poor peasant

Answer 149

崩溃〔-潰〕 bēngkuì VERB collapse; crumble; fall apart 精神崩溃 jīngshénbēngkuì emotional collapse; have a nervous breakdown 加剧经济崩溃 Jiājù jīngjì bēngkuì deepen the economic collapse 敌军全线崩溃。 Díjūn quánxiàn bēngkuì. The enemy collapsed all along the line.

Answer 150

己任 jǐrèn NOUN LITERARY one's duty 青年们将建设边疆引为己任。 Qīngnián men jiāng jiànshè biānjiāng yǐnwéi jǐrèn. These young people regard the construction of the borderland as their duty.

Answer 151

征集〔徵-〕 zhēngjí VERB 1 collect; gather 征集军粮 zhēngjí jūnliáng collect grain for the army 征集签名 zhēngjí qiānmíng collect signatures (for an appeal) 征集物资 zhēngjí wùzī the acquisition of supplies 2 draft; call up; recruit 征集新兵 zhēngjí xīnbīng army recruitment 征集补充兵员 zhēngjí bǔchōng bīngyuán call up new recruits to replenish the ranks 战时征集 zhànshí zhēngjí wartime draft 定期征集和退役 dìngqī zhēngjí hé tuìyì periodic call-up and demobilization

Answer 152

勤工俭学〔--儉學〕 qíngōng-jiǎnxué IDIOM part-work and part-study system; work-study programme

Answer 153

内阁〔內閣〕 nèigé NOUN cabinet 改组内阁 gǎizǔ nèigé reshuffle the cabinet

Answer 154

官僚 guānliáo NOUN 1 bureaucrat 官僚习气 guānliáo xíqì bureaucratic practices 这人真官僚！ Zhè rén zhēn guānliáo! What a bureaucrat that fellow is! 2 bureaucracy

Answer 155

衙门〔-門〕 yámen NOUN DATED yamen, government office in feudal China 衙门八字开, 有理无钱莫进来。 Yámen bāzì kāi, yǒu lǐ wú qián mò jìnlai. The yamen gate is open wide; with right but no money, don’t go inside. VARIANTS 衙署 yáshǔ

Answer 156

屡〔屢〕 lǚ ADVERB time and again; repeatedly 屡试屡踬 lǚshìlǚzhì fail at each trial 屡战屡胜 lǚzhànlǚshèng have fought many battles and won every one of them; score one victory after another 屡战屡败(北) lǚ zhàn lǚ bài lose one battle (or game) after another; suffer repeated defeats 屡遭不测 lǚzāobùcè have a series of accidents 屡遭打击 lǚ zāo dǎjī repeatedly came under attack

Answer 157

独裁〔獨-〕 dúcái VERB dictatorship; autocratic rule

Answer 158

巩固〔鞏-〕 gǒnggù VERB consolidate; strengthen; solidify 巩固地位 gǒng gù dì wèi strengthen one’s position 巩固政权 gǒnggù zhèngquán consolidate political power ADJECTIVE consolidated; strong; solid; stable 巩固的国防 gǒnggù de guófáng strong national defence 两国人民的友谊是巩固的。 Liǎng guó rénmín de yǒuyì shì gǒnggù de. The people of the two nations have strong ties of friendship.

Answer 159

百花齐放〔--齊-〕 bǎihuā-qífàng IDIOM let a hundred flowers bloom—free development of different artistic forms and styles

Answer 160

峙 zhì VERB LITERARY stand erect; tower See 对峙

Answer 161

熏染〔薰-〕 xūnrǎn VERB exert a gradual, corrupting influence on 受坏思想的熏染 shòu huài sīxiǎng de xūnrǎn be gradually influenced by evil ideas

Answer 162

扬弃〔揚棄〕 yángqì VERB 1 develop what is useful or healthy and discard what is not 2 PHILOSOPHY sublate

Answer 163

衰败〔-敗〕 shuāibài VERB decline; wane; be at a low ebb; be on the decline (opp. 兴盛)

Answer 164

归咎〔歸-〕 guījiù VERB impute blame to; attribute a fault to; put the blame on 不要把你的错误都归咎于客观原因。 Bùyào bǎ nǐ de cuòwù dōu guījiù yú kèguān yuányīn. Don’t attribute all your mistakes to objective causes.

Answer 165

宣扬〔-揚〕 xuānyáng VERB publicise; propagate; advocate; advertise 宣扬好人好事 xuānyáng hǎorénhǎoshì give publicity to good people and their good deeds 宣扬自己的成绩 xuānyáng zìjǐ de chéngjì advertise one’s own success

Answer 166

桎梏 zhìgù NOUN LITERARY FIGURATIVE fetters and handcuffs; shackles 打碎精神上的桎梏 dǎsuì jīngshén shàng de zhìgù smash spiritual shackles; break intellectual boundaries

Answer 167

奴隶〔-隸〕 núlì NOUN slave

Answer 168

消极〔-極〕 xiāojí ADJECTIVE 1 negative 消极现象 xiāojí xiànxiàng undesirable phenomenon 消极言论 xiāojí yánlùn negative statement 消极因素 xiāojí yīnsù negative factor 消极影响 xiāojí yǐngxiǎng negative influence 2 passive; inactive 消极怠工 xiāojídàigōng be slack in work 消极抵抗 xiāojí dǐkàng passive resistance 消极防御 xiāojífángyù passive defence 情绪消极 qíngxù xiāojí dispirited; dejected 态度消极 tàidu xiāojí take a passive attitude; remain inactive

Answer 169

刊登 kāndēng VERB publish (in a newspaper or magazine); carry 刊登广告 kāndēng guǎnggào print an advertisement; advertise 今天的《中国日报》刊登了两封读者来信。 Jīntiān de 《Zhōngguó Rìbào》 kāndēng le liǎng fēng dúzhě láixìn. Two letters to the editor were published in today’s China Daily.

Answer 170

盟友 méngyǒu NOUN 1 ally; sworn friend 2 allied country (or state)

Answer 171

雕琢 diāozhuó VERB 1 cut and polish (jade, etc.); carve 2 OFTEN PEJORATIVE write in an ornate style; overdone 雕琢过甚 diāozhuó guòshèn polish (one’s writing) too much; flowery style

Answer 172

真挚〔-摯〕 zhēnzhì ADJECTIVE sincere; cordial 真挚的友谊 Zhēnzhì de yǒuyì sincere friendship

Answer 173

仁义〔-義〕 rényì NOUN benevolence and uprighteousness; humanity and virtue

Answer 174

先锋〔-鋒〕 xiānfēng NOUN vanguard; van 先锋模范作用 xiānfēng mófàn zuòyòng exemplary vanguard role 打先锋 dǎ xiānfēng fight in the van; be a pioneer

Answer 175

刊物 kānwù NOUN periodical (journals, magazines, etc.) 定期刊物 dìngqī kānwù journal; periodical (publication) 内部刊物 nèibù kānwù restricted publication

Answer 176

切磋 qiēcuō VERB learn from each other by exchanging views 赛后两国篮球运动员聚在一起切磋球艺。 sài hòu liǎng guó lánqiú yùndòngyuán jù zài yīqǐ qiēcuō qiúyì. The basketball players of the two countries got together and swopped pointers after the match. VARIANTS 磋切 cuōqiē

Answer 177

震荡〔-盪〕 zhèndàng 1 to shake up 2 to jolt 3 to vibrate 4 to oscillate 5 to fluctuate

Answer 178

盛行 shèngxíng VERB be current (or rife, rampant); be in vogue 一度盛行 yīdù shèngxíng for a time it was all the mode

Answer 179

唯物主义〔---義〕 wéiwùzhǔyì materialism

Answer 180

恶疾〔惡-〕 èjí NOUN foul (or nasty) disease

Answer 181

释放〔釋-〕 shìfàng VERB 1 release; set free 要求释放政治犯 yāoqiú shìfàng zhèngzhìfàn demand the release of political prisoners 2 PHYSICS release 释放出能量 shìfàng chū néngliàng release energy

Answer 182

叙述〔敘-〕 xùshù VERB narrate (in speech or writing); recount; relate 叙述文 xùshùwén narration

Answer 183

据理力争〔據--爭〕 jùlǐ-lìzhēng IDIOM argue strongly on good grounds; well-substantiated argument

Answer 184

付之东流〔--東-〕 fù zhī dōngliú VARIANT OF 付诸东流〔付諸東流〕 fùzhū-dōngliú IDIOM thrown into the eastward flowing stream—all one's efforts wasted; irrevocably lost OTHER VARIANTS 付之流水 fù zhī liúshuǐ

Answer 185

舆论〔輿論〕 yúlùn NOUN 1 public opinion; publicity 舆论哗然 Yúlùnhuárán. public outcry 舆论监督 yúlùn jiāndū supervision by public opinion 舆论普遍认为…… yúlùn pǔbiàn rènwéi…… The general opinion goes that… 大造舆论 dàzàoyúlùn whip up opinion 迫于舆论 pòyú yúlùn under the pressure of public opinion 左右舆论 zuǒyòu yúlùn influence (or manipulate) public opinion 作舆论准备 zuò yúlùn zhǔnbèi prepare public opinion 2 media

Answer 186

罢课〔罷課〕 bàkè NOUN students' strike 学生们举行罢课。 xuésheng men jǔxíng bàkè. The students are out on strike. VERB (-//-) (of students) boycott lectures

Answer 187

逮捕 dàibǔ VERB arrest; take into custody 逮捕法办 dàibǔfǎbàn arrest and deal with according to law; bring to justice 你被逮捕了。 Nǐ bèi dàibǔ le. You are under arrest.

Answer 188

汉奸〔漢-〕 hànjiān NOUN traitor (to China) 汉奸卖国贼 Hànjiān màiguózéi traitor and collaborator

Answer 189

蓬勃 péngbó ADJECTIVE vigorous; flourishing; full of vitality 蓬勃发展的中国经济 péngbó fāzhǎn de Zhōngguó jīngjì flourishing economy of China 新生事物蓬勃兴起。 Xīnshēng shìwù péngbó xīngqǐ. New things are springing up vigorously.

Answer 190

昙花一现〔曇--現〕 tánhuā-yīxiàn IDIOM flower briefly like the broad-leaved epiphyllum; exist briefly; be a flash in the pan; momentary 昙花一现的人物 tánhuāyīxiàn de rénwù transient figure; person of momentary importance; short-lived celebrity

Answer 191

骤〔驟〕 zhòu VERB (of a horse) trot 驰骤 chízhòu gallop ADJECTIVE sudden; abrupt 一阵骤雨 Yīzhèn zhòuyǔ a passing heavy shower 雨疏风骤。 Yǔ shū fēng zhòu. The rain fell lightly, when the wind suddenly picked up. ADVERB suddenly; abruptly 狂风骤起。 Kuángfēngzhòuqǐ. A sudden gale struck. 天气骤变。 Tiānqì zhòubiàn. There was a sudden change of weather.

Answer 192

抨击〔-擊〕 pēngjī VERB attack (in speech or writing); assail (with words); lash out at

Answer 193

附庸 fùyōng NOUN 1 dependency; vassal 附庸国 fùyōngguó vassal state; dependency 2 appendage 语言文字学在清代还只是经学的附庸。 Yǔyán wénzì xué zài Qīngdài hái zhǐshì jīngxué de fùyōng. During the Qing Dynasty, philology was a mere handmaid of classical studies.

Answer 194

谴责〔譴責〕 qiǎnzé VERB condemn; denounce; censure 世界舆论谴责侵略者的挑衅。 Shìjiè yúlùn qiǎnzé qīnlüèzhě de tiǎoxìn. World opinion condemned the aggressor’s provocation. 他做了错事, 受到良心的谴责。 Tā zuò le cuòshì, shòudào liángxīn de qiǎnzé. He had done wrong, and his conscience plagued him for it.

Answer 195

唾弃〔-棄〕 tuòqì VERB cast aside; spurn 逆历史潮流而动的人终将被人民所唾弃。 Nì lìshǐ cháoliú ér dòng de rén zhōngjiāng bèi rénmín suǒ tuòqì. Those who go against the trend of history will be cast aside by the people.

Answer 196

服侍 fúshi VERB wait upon; attend 服侍父母 fúshi fùmǔ attend one’s parents 他生病时, 学生们轮流来服侍他。 Tā shēngbìng shí, xuésheng men lúnliú lái fúshi tā. His students took turns looking after him when he was ill. VARIANTS 伏侍 fúshi 服事 fúshi

Answer 197

蜕化〔蛻-〕 tuìhuà VERB 1 ZOOLOGY slough off; exuviate 2 degenerate 蜕化变质 tuìhuàbiànzhì become morally degenerate

Answer 198

捍卫〔-衛〕 hànwèi VERB defend; guard; protect 捍卫祖国 hànwèi zǔguó defend one’s motherland 捍卫国家主权 hànwèi guójiā zhǔquán uphold state sovereignty 捍卫民族利益 hànwèi mínzú lìyì protect national interests

Answer 199

阵营〔陣營〕 zhènyíng NOUN group of people who pursue a common interest; camp 革命阵营 Gémìng zhènyíng the revolutionary camp (or side)

Answer 200

立竿见影〔--見-〕 lìgān-jiànyǐng IDIOM set up a pole and you see its shadow—produce instant results

Answer 201

天赋〔-賦〕 tiānfù NOUN natural gift; talent; endowments 他在数学方面很有天赋。 Tā zài shùxué fāngmiàn hěn yǒu tiānfù. He is very gifted at maths. ADJECTIVE inborn; innate; endowed by nature

Answer 202

寻觅〔尋覓〕 xúnmì VERB seek; look for 这幅古画我们已寻觅多年。 Zhè fú gǔhuà wǒmen yǐ xúnmì duō nián. We have been looking for this old painting for years.

Answer 203

阐明〔闡-〕 chǎnmíng VERB expound; clarify 阐明观点 chǎnmíng guāndiǎn clarify one’s views 阐明社会发展规律 Chǎnmíng shèhuì fāzhǎn guīlǜ expound the laws of social development 我们支持声明中所阐明的正义立场。 Wǒmen zhīchí shēngmíng zhōng suǒ chǎnmíng de zhèngyì lìchǎng. We support the just position expounded in the statement.

Answer 204

纪律严明〔紀-嚴-〕 jìlǜ yánmíng highly disciplined

Answer 205

垄断〔壟斷〕 lǒngduàn VERB monopolize 垄断市场 Lǒngduàn shìchǎng monopolize (or corner) the market 国家垄断 guójiā lǒngduàn state monopoly 双强垄断 shuāng qiáng lǒngduàn duopoly

Answer 206

奴役 núyì VERB enslave; keep in bondage 不堪奴役 bùkān núyì cannot bear the misery of slavery 反抗奴役 fǎnkàng núyì resist enslavement 遭人奴役 zāo rén núyì be treated like a slave

Answer 207

李大钊〔--釗〕 Lǐ Dàzhāo Li Dazhao (1889-1927), early Chinese Marxist and founding member of the communist party

Answer 208

筹划〔籌劃〕 chóuhuà VERB plan and prepare 筹划种植中草药 chóuhuà zhòngzhí Zhōngcǎoyào plan to grow medicinal herbs 这里正在筹划建设一座发电站。 zhèlǐ zhèngzài chóuhuà jiànshè yī zuò fādiànzhàn. Plans are being drawn up to build a power station here.

Answer 209

抉择〔-擇〕 juézé VERB LITERARY choose 作出抉择 Zuò chū juézé make one’s choice 一生中重大的抉择 yīshēng zhōng zhòngdà dejuézé a decisive step in one’s life

Answer 210

分道扬镳〔--揚鑣〕 fēndào-yángbiāo IDIOM go different ways; part company

Answer 211

拯救 zhěngjiù VERB save; rescue; deliver 改善环境, 拯救珍稀野生动物 gǎishàn huánjìng, zhěngjiù zhēnxī yěshēng dòngwù improve the environment to save rare wild animals

Answer 212

厄运〔-運〕 èyùn NOUN adversity; misfortune