Faith and Works Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is justification in Christianity
Being made righteous in the sight of god
Who questionned the previously axiomatic belief that absolution from a priest and the subsequent penance was enough for justification and how
Martin Luther-Came up with “Sola Fide”-by faith alone as justification was entirely a gift from god and human works did not factor in.
What biblical quotes justify “Sola Fide”
Paul’s words in Romans 1:17-The one who is righteous will live by faith
Galatians-A person is justified not by the words of law but through faith in jesus christ
What biblical quotes counter “Sola Fide”
James 2:24- A person is justified by works and not faith alone
What ignited Luthers 95 Theses agains clerical abuse
Johann Tetzel, a monk, overstated catholic doctrine on indulgences, by stating that the dead could be freed from purgatory by paying money to the church.
How long did the council of trent last
1545-1563
What did the council of Trent conclude.
God does not make people righteous, they become so
Good works are a necessary conndition for ultimate justification
People cannot bring their own salvationl; they must cooperate with god
There are two phases to justification;1. Righteousness is mediated through baptism, gods gift of grace. 2. Righteousness is increased by good works like Eucharsit and Penance
People can have a relative, but not absolute, certainty of justification
Neither faith or works merit justification, intially by grace, but requires works to progress.
On what grounds do Protestants criticise the council of trents conclusions
Trent claims that good works allow a man to claim a reward from God-This is unbliblical as good works do not merit grace, as it is an unconditional gift.
Trent claims for those who work well there is a gift of eternal life, contradicting biblical teachings that eternal life is a gift from god, rather than a reward, and it is available now for those who believe
They believe good works do not result in salvation, but that salvation results in good works.
What does EP Sanders call the Jews belief that God entered a contract with them, making them a chosen nation
Covenental Nomism
What does EP Sanders say about the normative jewish theology at the time of Paul
It was born out of Jewish theology, that jews entered the covenent with god by grace(being born) and stayed there by works(Following his commands). Sander’s believes paul thought that jesus sent god for salvation, therefore Mosaic law was not enough, and concluded mosaic law led to the wrong kind of righteousness. `
What did Paul realise Humans were justified by, rather than Mosaic law
The cross of jesus
What is EP Sanders conclusion about faith and works
It is a form of the old covenent, People enter by grace(baptism), and remain by Good Works.
What are some criticisms of Sanders theory
It uses non biblical rabbinic sources
Ignores contradicotry evidence; contemporary jewish writing has evidence of Jewish belief in righteousness solely by works
Fails to address the problem of self righteousness-people feeling superior by following gods commandments,
