Fall 2014 Test 2 Old Questions Flashcards by Hannah Lillard

Chrone’s disease is

an autoimmune disease affecting endothelial layer of the large intestine

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The action of the Teres major at the shoulder joint is:

extension

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The action of the Brachioradialis is:

Flexion of the elbow

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Impingement of the Suprasipatus tendon occurs:

due to weakness of the trees minor and infraspinatus

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The pectorals minor:

Can cause depression of the shoulder girdle

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The annular ligament:

Holds the head of the radius to the radial notch of the ulna

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A prime mover for retraction or adduction of the shoulder girdle is:

Rhomboids

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The subscapularis:

medially rotates the humerus

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The lacteals are:

Found in the vili of the small intestine

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Which one of the following muscles does not have its origin on the humerus?

Deltoid

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Which of the following muscles has its origin on the outer surface of the first nine ribs?

Serratus anterior

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The proximal joint of the radius and ulnar is

A pivot joint and is held in place by the annular ligament

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Maximal ventilation occurs with a deflection of the diaphragm of ___ cm

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The term used to describe the outward rotation of the forearm, causing the palms to face anteriorly is:

supination

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The force of flexion at the elbow varies by position of the hand during contraction. This variation is due to the location of insertion of:

biceps brachii

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Which head of the triceps is active during all extension of the elbow?

Medial

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Shrugging of the shoulders is an example of:

elevation of the shoulder girdle

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Coracobrachialis:

Adducts the shoulder joint

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Which one of the following muscles does not help in flexion at the shoulder joint?

teres major

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Lowering yourself from the bar during a chin up:

Is flexion at the shoulder joint and has the biceps as the prime mover

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Which one of the following is passed thirdly by food going through the digestive tract?

ileum

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Which one of the following is passed thirdly by digestive waste?

descending colon

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Which of these is not part of the scapula?

Greater tuberosity

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The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with the:

acromion process

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The cells that secrete hydrochloric acid are:

Parietal cells

Which one of the following does not act to increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine?

longitudinal columns

The latissimus doors would be best developed by

doing chin-ups

Which of these statements about the biceps brachia is incorrect?

It is inserted on the coronoid process of the ulna

Which of these is the insertion of the triceps brachii?

Olecranon process

The action of the Pectorals major at the shoulder joint is:

Adduction, flexion, medial rotation

Origin of Pectorals minor

Ventral Surfaces of ribs 3-5

Insertion of Teres minor

Greater Tubercle of the Humerus

Insertion of Latissimus dorsi:

Intertubecular groove of humerus

Action of Serratus anterior

Protracts and upward rotates the scapula

Insertion of Triceps brachii

Olecranon process of humerus

Origin of Brachialis

Anterior distal humerus

Insertion of Biceps brachii

Radial tuberosity

Action of Subscapularis

Medial rotation of the humerus

Origin of Flexor digitorum superficialis

medial epicondyle of humerus; adjacent, anterior ulna

Action of Brachioradialis

Flexion of the elbow

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of C2 vertebra

Aka axis, has dens

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of C3 vertebra

Normal cervical vertebrae

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of C7 vertebra

large spinous process and is not bifid (forked)

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of 8-10th ribs

False ribs; the are all connected by one cartilage- not a distinct cartilage of their own

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of 11th and 12th ribs

Floating ribs that have no cartilage connecting them to the sternum

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of Muscular layer of the stomach within the G-I tract

Has 3 different types of muscle present that help with breaking down food

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of teniae coli

draws up haustra and gathers the muscle in bunches

Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of oleo-cecal valve

Physiological sphincter that prevents regurgitation

Describe why the structure of the alveolar sac and its blood supply is well designed for its function

They have a high SA:V ratio and a small diffusion distance, which leads to good exchange. The alveolar sacs need to be able to carry out gas exchange functionally in order to make sure the body/heart get the oxygenated blood it needs

Describe how the structure of the small intestine matches its function well

SI is for absorption so the microvilli and vili increase the surface area thus helping absorption

What are the total amount of the air exchanged per minute under resting and maximal ventilation conditions?

Resting--> 12 breaths per minute | Maximal--> 50-60 breaths per min

What is surfactant? What is the function?

Lipoprotein that reduces surface tension of tissues so they do not collapse on themselves

Describe two structures that prevent large molecules from entering the urine during filtration of the blood by glomerulus.

Glomerulus and bowman's capsule

What is produced by the: Parietal cells

Hydrochloric Acid

What is produced by the Goblet cells

mucous

Describe rugae:

folds in stomach that increase surface area for absorption

Describe haustra

Gives the colon its sacculated appearance and gets drawn up by teenier coli It compacts the waste

Describe tenia coli

Draws up hausfrau and gathers the muscle in bunches, runs the length of the large intestine

Describe Detrusor muscle

In the bladder relaxes to fill with urine and contracts to empty bladder

Describe plicae circularis

Found in small intestine; they are bumps that increase surface area for absorption

Describe Lacteals

Inner part of the vili; absorb food stuffs

Discuss why Marfan syndrome which is characterized by looseness of the joint is potentially life threatening.

Genetic, connective tissues is not formed as well. Loose jointed which causes and in crease in flexibility. Deadly because it causes weakness of the blood vessels which can lead to a rupture of the BV (embolism/hemorrhage) under high pressure

Contrast an anatomical sphincter with a physiological sphincter

Anatomical: has an additional circular layer that helps with closure Physiological: muscle is just thickened