fall lecture 19

Question 1

rostral

Answer 1

toward forehead

Question 2

caudal

Answer 2

toward spinal cord

Question 3

normal brain vs dementia brain?

Answer 3

dementia brain is small because they contain fewer synapses

Question 4

sulci

Answer 4

groove

Question 5

gyri

Answer 5

folds / lung

Question 6

cortex

Answer 6

outer covering

surface layer of grey matter

Question 7

nuclei

Answer 7

deep inside the brain

deeper masses of grey matter

Question 8

tracts

Answer 8

bundles of axons (myelin)
^ fatty white insulation

Question 9

lesion

Answer 9

injury to brain

Question 10

white matter

Answer 10

bundles of axons
has myelin

Question 11

grey matter

Answer 11

forms cortex
forms nuclei deep within the brain
neuron cell bodies, dendrites, synapses

Question 12

what does the brain not have

Answer 12

pain receptors

Question 13

brain mapping and awake craniotomy

Answer 13

when you electrically stimulate parts of the brain to identify where they are located (vision, speech, ect..) in order to not mess with these areas

Question 14

brain meninges

Answer 14

dura matter
arachnoid matter
Pia matter

Question 15

dura matter

Answer 15

tough mother
outermost, tough membrane
in the cracks

Question 16

is the brain vascular

Answer 16

yes, very

Question 17

brain ventricles

Answer 17

gaps in brain where CSF is produced

Question 18

where is CSF located

Answer 18

ventricles and subarachnoid space

Question 19

what are the functions of CSF

Answer 19

floats
cushions
allows for chemical stability

Question 20

what happens to CSF in the 4th ventricle

Answer 20

it escapes to surround the brain and is reabsorbed into venous sinus by arachnoid villi

Question 21

BBB

Answer 21

blood brain barrier

filtering mechanism allows things to go straight to the brain ex. oxygen, anesthesia, nicotine, alcohol, CO2

Question 22

Medulla

Answer 22

full of axons / tracts
first white bump of hindbrain
place for vital functions ex. breathing, heart, reflexes
if damaged it is fatal

Question 23

cardiac center

Answer 23

adjusts rate and force of heart

Question 24

vasomotor center

Answer 24

adjusts blood vessel diameter

Question 25

respiratory center

Answer 25

control rate and depth of breathing

Question 26

reflex centers

Answer 26

coughing, sneezing, gagging swallowing, salivation, sweating, movements of tongue and head

Question 27

pons

Answer 27

big bump 2 ascending sensory tracts descending motor tracts concerned with posture, sleep, hearing, balance, etc..

Question 28

cerebellum

Answer 28

tree of life white matter - branches grey matter - leaves functions - evaluation, timekeeping, distinguishing, planning lesion - survivable but life altering ---- may be unaware of movement ex. sitting and standing

Question 29

midbrain

Answer 29

deep brain associated with Parkinson's disease

Question 30

tectum

Answer 30

4 balls (quad) for sound and vision reaction

Question 31

reticular formation

Answer 31

where all info comes together and branches out info goes to midbrain and is sent to destination where brain can interpret what the stimulus is ex. what finger or what part of leg

Question 32

coma

Answer 32

when reticular formation is blocked

Question 33

EEG

Answer 33

the testing of brain waves

Question 34

CTE

Answer 34

chronic traumatic encephalopathy fatal brain disease associated with multiple concussions

Question 35

thalamus

Answer 35

emotional and memory function

Question 36

frontal lobe

Answer 36

voluntary motor functions planning, mood, smell, and social judgement

Question 37

parietal

Answer 37

receives and integrates sensory information

Question 38

occipital

Answer 38

visual center of brain

Question 39

temporal

Answer 39

areas for hearing, smell, learning, memory, emotional behavior

Question 40

amnesia

Answer 40

anteroretrograde - no new memories retrograde - cont remember old memories

Question 41

cerebellum

Answer 41

helps learn motor skills

Question 42

amygdala

Answer 42

emotional memory music associated emotional response that can trigger long term memory

Question 43

precentral gyrus

Answer 43

does all motor response in somatic muscles

Question 44

postcentral gyrus

Answer 44

involved with sensory

Question 45

what surgeries do they keep patient awake

Answer 45

when operating on pre central and post central gyrus'

Question 46

wernicke area

Answer 46

permits recognition of spoken and written language and crates plan of speech

Question 47

broca area

Answer 47

can't move tounge to create words

Question 48

aphasia

Answer 48

can understand but can't respond

Question 49

sutoscience

Answer 49

"left brained people aren't creative"

Question 50

corpus callosum

Answer 50

part of the brain that allows left and right ventricles of brain to communicate

Question 51

what is the relationship between hippocampus and amygdala?

Answer 51

hippocampus is the place that stores longe term memories which are created by the physical remodeling of synapses the amygdala is the partner of the hippocampus that determines experiences that are remembered without going through the physical remodel of synapses. there is usually an emotional link.

Question 52

damage in parietal lobe

Answer 52

contralateral neglet syndrome

Question 53

damage in temporal lobe

Answer 53

agnosia - inability to recognize objects prosopagnosia - inability to recognize faces

Question 54

damage in frontal lobe

Answer 54

problems with personality