families and households - demography

Question 1

what is demography?

Answer 1

the study of the population including factors that affect its size and growth

Question 2

birth rate and immigration

Answer 2

increase the population

Question 3

deaths and emigration

Answer 3

decrease the population

Question 4

what is natural change?

Answer 4

is the number of births minus the number of deaths

Question 5

what is net immigration?

Answer 5

is the number immigrating into a country minus the number emigrating it

Question 6

what is birth rate?

Answer 6

is the number of live births per 1000 of the population per year
- there has been a decline in birth rate - in 1900 it was almost 29 by 2020 it was 11.4
- but there has been fluctuations of ‘baby blooms’ - after the two world wars and in the 1960s

Question 7

what is the total fertility rate?

Answer 7

number of children women have durning the fertile years (aged 15-44)
in 1960s baby bloom it reached and average of 2.95 children per woman
- now at an all time low in 2020 of 1.58

Question 8

why is there an decrease in the total fertility rate and birth rate?

Answer 8

•more women are working
•access to abortion and contraception
•fall in infant mortality rate - number of children who die before their first birthday - if infants don’t die parents will have fewer of them