FAMILY Flashcards
(28 cards)
Wilson - 1966 - church
Supported with the fact that the churches belief that people should get married was not relevant anymore.
Betty Friedan - book
Encouraged women to look at their life an realise being a housewife isn’t fulfilling, and did research exposing that fact that many housewives felt bored, women read this and almost ‘woke up’
Sullivan
Found that there is a trend towards women doing smaller shared domestic work and men are doing more showing an increase in more equal domestic division of labour
Oakley
She gave the term ‘the dual burden shift’ - the responsibility of women to perform paid work, domestic labour and childcare and is kept unrewarding - lead to mental illness
Delphy and Leonard
Argue the family is considered as a safety valve and is mainly provided by women, whose emotional work helps to ensure men’s frustration is taken out on then rather the capitalist society- ensure a docile labour force
Parsons - functionalists - family
highlights the stabilisation of adult personalities; the warm bath theory was the idea that when a man came home from work, he could relax into his family as women have meal prepared, house clean and children taken care of. This emphasises the emotional security found within marital relationships. It also allows them to bring out the childish personalities as they are able to play with their children and toys
Dobash and Dobash
see marriage is the most violent club, men control women through domestic violence as men have financial power and the primary socialisation of children where boys are taught to be aggressive
Hakim
suggests that some women choose the housewife lifestyle as its a rational choice, not based on inferiority or sexism are not forced.
Murdock
studied families over 250 cultures and claims that the nuclear family provides four functions: economic, sexual, reproductive and education. These functions satisfy the family as they are financially stable, responsible for the continuation of children and ensure children do academically well for the workforce. Therefore representing the nuclear family as a fundamental social unit supporting it as being the best type of family.
Parsons
emphasises primary socialisation; this involves passing on the norms and values and appropriate gender roles such as men being the instrumental leader while women are the expressive role.
Dunne - feminism - nuclear family good or bad
did a study on 37 lesbian couples and found that conjugal roles are split more evenly for example, house chores or childcare. This implies lesbian couples can create healthier families rather than nuclear families
Morgan - nuclear family - new right
argues that the welfare state has turned the country into a ‘nanny state’ relieving families from their responsibility of taking care of their child which dilutes the power of the nuclear family as the welfare state is becoming more paternalistic.
Butler - nuclear family good?
who argues that the nuclear family is important as ‘broken families’ are more likely to produce children who break the law and be dependent on benefits.
Mooney et al - family diversity?
parental conflict is more important than parental separation as an influence in producing negative outcomes
Zaretsky - family good or no?
believe that the nuclear family serves capitalism through consumerism
Marcuse - family good or no ?
states that the nuclear family is an essential component of capitalism because it is a major unit of consumption and creates a sense of ‘false needs’ for people as they inject money into the system by spending on their home.
Giddiens - postmodernists - family diversity
Look at family as a fluid and changing concept- not constricted by social structures and known as late modernity
Chester - family diversity
Asserts that the nuclear family type is still dominant
Willmott and young - conjugal roles
Proposed the concept of symmetrical family, who agree that conjugal roles have become more equal due to progression of industrialisation- they found that 72% of husbands helped with these household tasks.
Gatero - conjugal roles
found that many fathers ‘cherry pick’ the easiest chores in the family
Oakley - conjugal roles
collected information on 40 married women. Half of her sample was working class and half was middle class. She found greater equality for domestic tasks in the middle class than in the working class, however in both classes few men had a high level of participation in housework and childcare. She found that most wives saw these jobs as their own responsibility, where only 15% of men in marriages participated in them at a high level.
Gershury - conjugal roles
believed that dual burden is a result of lagged adaptation where there is a time lag between women taking up paid employment and men adapting to this by increasing their contribution to domestic labour. Gershury studied the changes in hours worked by men and women over time, analysing data from early 70s to late 80s. It showed a gradual increase inthe amount of domestic labour performed by men.
Edgell - conjugal roles
findings who did not find equality in either household tasks or power and decision making. He found that men dominated what couples considered to be important decisions involving finance, moving house and buying a car. Women dominated less important decisions such as interior decoration, children’s clothes and spending on food and household items
Ferri and Smith - conjugal roles
found no equality in decision-making regarding childcare.Many women agree with Ferri and Smith that it is them rather than their partner who are responsible for childcare
