Family

Question 1

Deceased

Answer 1

someone who has died, especially recently:
The deceased left a large sum of money to his children.

Question 2

Paternal

Answer 2

1paternal feelings or behaviour are like those of a kind father towards his children:
Dan took a paternal interest in my work.
2paternal grandmother/uncle etc your father’s mother, brother etc
—paternally adverb

Question 3

Maternal

Answer 3

1typical of the way a good mother behaves or feels → paternal:
Annie was wonderfully warm and maternal.
She seems to have a strong maternal instinct (=desire to have babies and take care of them).
2[only before noun] relating to a mother or to being a mother → paternal:
the relationship between maternal age and infant mortality
3maternal grandfather/aunt etc your mother’s father, sister etc
—maternally adverb

Question 4

Extended family

Answer 4

a family group that consists not only of parents and children but also of grandparents, aunts etc → nuclear family

Question 5

Immediate family

Answer 5

people who are very closely related to you, such as your parents, children, brothers, and sisters

Question 6

Invade

Answer 6

Verb form
1[intransitive and transitive] to enter a country, town, or area using military force, in order to take control of it:
The Romans invaded Britain 2000 years ago.
2[transitive] to go into a place in large numbers, especially when you are not wanted:
Every summer, the town is invaded by tourists.
Fans invaded the pitch at half time.
3[transitive] to get involved in something in an unwanted and annoying way:
What right does he have to invade my privacy?
Patients are given the feeling that they mustn’t try to invade medical territory (=try to deal with things that are not their responsibility).

Question 7

Cost-efficient

Answer 7

Save some money

Question 8

From time to time

Answer 8

occasionally
phrase. If you do something from time to time, you do it occasionally but not regularly. Her daughters visited him from time to time when he was bedridden. Synonyms: occasionally, sometimes, now and then,

Question 9

Living expenses

Answer 9

money that you spend on rent, food, and things such as electricity, gas etc
‧ She receives £80 a week, from which she must pay for all her living expenses.

Question 10

Endure

Answer 10

Verb form
1[transitive] to be in a difficult or painful situation for a long time without complaining:
It seemed impossible that anyone could endure such pain.
endure doing something
He can’t endure being apart from me.
Register
In everyday English, people usually say stand rather than endure:
I couldn’t stand the pain.
2[intransitive] to remain alive or continue to exist for a long time:
friendships which endure over many years

Question 11

Accommodating

Answer 11

adjective
helpful and willing to do what someone else wants OPP awkward:
an accommodating child

Question 12

Nurture

Answer 12

Verb form
1to help a plan, idea, feeling etc to develop:
European union is an ideal that has been nurtured since the post-war years.
a hatred of foreigners nurtured by the media
2to feed and take care of a child or a plant while it is growing:
plants nurtured in the greenhouse

Noun
the education and care that you are given as a child, and the way it affects your later development and attitudes

Question 13

Competence

Answer 13

noun
1[uncountable] (also compe·ten·cy /-tənsi/) the ability to do something well OPP incompetence
competence in
Students will gain competence in a wide range of skills.
competence of
He questioned the competence of the government.
professional/linguistic/technical etc competence
Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.
2[uncountable] law the legal power of a court of law to hear and judge something in court, or of a government to do something
be within the competence of something
Many legal issues are within the competence of individual states rather than the federal government.
3[countable] (also competency) formal a skill needed to do a particular job:
Typing is considered by most employers to be a basic competence.

Question 14

Recruit

Answer 14

Verb form
1[intransitive and transitive] to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc:
We’re having difficulty recruiting enough qualified staff.
Many government officials were recruited from private industry.
2[intransitive and transitive] to get people to join the army, navy etc → conscript:
Most of the men in the village were recruited that day.
3[transitive] to persuade someone to do something for you
recruit somebody to do something
I recruited three of my friends to help me move.
—recruiter noun [countable]
—recruitment noun [uncountable]

Question 15

Striking

Answer 15

Word family
1unusual or interesting enough to be easily noticed
striking contrast/similarity/parallel etc
a striking contrast between wealth and poverty
2attractive in an unusual way that is easy to notice:
a dark man with striking features
3[only before noun] not working because of being on strike:
striking auto workers

Question 16

Trends

Answer 16

Statistics
1a general tendency in the way a situation is changing or developing
trend towards
Lately there has been a trend towards hiring younger, cheaper employees.
trend in
recent trends in education
The current trend is towards more part-time employment.
the general trend towards the centralization of political power
A disturbing trend is that victims of violence are getting younger.
The growing trend is for single mothers to bring up children by themselves.
Even so, the underlying trend is positive.
national and international economic trends
the downward trend in the price of gold
Successive presidents have tried to reverse this trend, but without success.
2set the trend to start doing something that other people copy:
Larger corporations are setting the trend for better maternity benefits.
3on trend fashionable – used especially in magazines:
This striped dress is bang on trend.

Question 17

Close-knit relationship

Answer 17

Close-contact
Intimate relationships
Tight-knit relationship
Friendly relationship

Question 18

Have an impact on

Answer 18

Have an effect/influence on

Question 19

Cope whit

Answer 19

Get along whit
Get a go whit
Handle

Question 20

Encounter

Answer 20

Face a problem
Come across

Question 21

Envy

Answer 21

1the feeling of wanting something that someone else has → jealousy
with envy
He watched the others with envy.
envy of
his envy of the young man’s success
twinge/pang of envy
I felt a twinge of envy when I saw them together.
She could see that all the other girls were green with envy (=feeling a lot of envy).
2be the envy of somebody to be something that other people admire and want to have very much:
an education system that is the envy of all European countries

Question 22

Arrogant

Answer 22

behaving in an unpleasant or rude way because you think you are more important than other people:
He was unbearably arrogant.
an arrogant attitude
—arrogantly adverb

Big-headed

Question 23

Self-esteem

Answer 23

the feeling of being satisfied with your own abilities, and that you deserve to be liked or respected → self-respect
raise/build (up)/boost sb’s self-esteem
Playing a sport can boost a girl’s self-esteem.
students’ sense of self-esteem
low/poor self-esteem (=not much self-esteem)

Question 24

Self-congratulation

Answer 24

(-)

behaviour that shows in an annoying way that you think you have done very well at something
—ˌself-congratuˈlatory / $ ˌ..ˈ…../ adjective:
a smug, self-congratulatory smile

Question 25

Gain

Answer 25

Earn Acquire

Question 26

Benevolent

Answer 26

Generous

Question 27

Strict

Answer 27

Adjective 1expecting people to obey rules or to do what you say OPP lenient: a strict teacher strict about This company is very strict about punctuality. strict with The Stuarts are very strict with their children. 2a strict order or rule is one that must be obeyed: You had strict instructions not to tell anybody. There are strict limits on presidential campaign contributions. He’s under strict orders from his doctor to quit smoking. I’m telling you this in the strictest confidence (=it must be kept completely secret). 3[usually before noun] exact and correct, often in a way that seems unreasonable: Amy was attractive, although not beautiful in the strictest sense of the word. 4obeying all the rules of a religion or set of principles: He was raised a strict Catholic. a strict vegetarian —strictness noun [uncountable]

Question 28

Reserved

Answer 28

unwilling to express your emotions or talk about your problems → shy: Ellen was a shy, reserved girl.

Question 29

State-of-the-art

Answer 29

adjective using the most modern and recently developed methods, materials, or knowledge: state-of-the-art technology His new laptop is state-of-the-art.

Question 30

Outbreak

Answer 30

if there is an outbreak of fighting or disease in an area, it suddenly starts to happen: a cholera outbreak outbreak of outbreaks of fighting the outbreak of World War II شیوع

Question 31

Resemblance

Answer 31

uncountable and countable] if there is a resemblance between two people or things, they are similar, especially in the way they look → similarity resemblance between The resemblance between Susan and her sister was remarkable. bear a (close/striking/uncanny etc) resemblance to somebody/something (=look like) Tina bears a striking resemblance to her mother. bear little/no resemblance to somebody/something What happens in the film bears little resemblance to what actually happened.

Question 32

Instinct

Answer 32

a natural tendency to behave in a particular way or a natural ability to know something, which is not learned → intuition instinct for Animals have a natural instinct for survival. instinct to do something the human instinct to form relationships by instinct Birds build nests by instinct. sexual/maternal/survival instinct Her instinct told her that something was wrong. sb’s first instinct (=what someone feels like doing first when something happens) His first instinct was to rush back to Isobel.

Question 33

Upbringing

Answer 33

the way that your parents care for you and teach you to behave when you are growing up → bring up: Mike had had a strict upbringing.

Question 34

Rivalry

Answer 34

noun (plural rivalries) [uncountable and countable] a situation in which two or more people, teams, or companies are competing for something, especially over a long period of time, and the feeling of competition between them → competition rivalry between There has always been intense rivalry between New Zealand and Australia. The two players have developed a friendly rivalry. She had never overcome her feelings of sibling rivalry (=rivalry between brothers and sisters).

Question 35

Stubborn

Answer 35

adjective 1determined not to change your mind, even when people think you are being unreasonable: Why are you so stubborn? I’ve got a very stubborn streak (=a tendency to be stubborn). Paul can be as stubborn as a mule (=very stubborn). 2stubborn resistance/refusal/determination etc a very strong and determined refusal etc: a stubborn refusal to face reality 3difficult to remove, deal with, or use SYN tough: stubborn stains —stubbornly adverb: ‘I don’t care,’ she said stubbornly. —stubbornness noun [uncountable]