Fascia & Facial Spaces & Infections

Question 1

Fascia surrounds what?

Answer 1

Organs and tissues

Question 2

What kind of tissue is fascia and fascial spaces?

Deep or superficial to the skin?

Answer 2

Fibrous connective tissue

Deep

Question 3

Superficial fascia:

Location:

Function:

Compostition:

Answer 3

Just deep to skin

Allows skin to move independent of deeper structures

Varying thickness of irregularly arranges CT and fat

Question 4

Deep fascia:

Location:

Function:

Composition:

Answer 4

Surrounds bones, muscles, nerves, and vessels.

Protection

Dense, inelastic, fibrous tissue

Question 5

Deep fascia of the face

Temporal:

Masseteric parotid

Pterygoid

Answer 5

Covers temporal is muscle to zygomatic arch

Masseter muscle and parotid gland

Medial surface of medial Pterygoid

Question 6

Deep cervical fasciae: investing and vertebral fascia

Continuous with…
Encloses..
Encases..
Vertebrae..

Answer 6

Masseteric- parotid fascia

Submandibular and parotid glands

SCM and trapezius

Encloses vertebrae, spinal cord and associated muscles

Question 7

Deep cervical-carotid sheath and visceral fascia:

Surrounds:

Cranial:

Visceral trachea:

Answer 7

Carotids and SCM

CN 10

Esophagus and thyroid gland

Question 8

Fascial spaces

Definition:

Necessity:

Answer 8

Potential spaces between fascial layers (loose CT)

Understand the spread of infection and complications with local anesthetics

Question 9

Maxillary Vestibular Space

2 pts

Answer 9

1. Medial to Buccinator
2. Lateral to oral mucosa

*lodged in mucosa
Ex:more in dogs

Question 10

Mandibular Vestibular Space

2 pts

Answer 10

1. Medial to Buccinator
2. Lateral to Oral Mucosa

*communicates with body of Mandibular space

Question 11

Canine Space

3 pts

Answer 11

1. Deep to skin, zygomatic us minor and Levantine labii superioris
2. Canine fossa of maxilla
3. Can swell eye enough to close it

Question 12

Buccal Space

2 pts

Answer 12

1. Lateral to Buccinator
2. Medial and Anterior to Masseter

*communicates with Posterior teeth both maxillary and Mandibular

Question 13

Parotid Space (around parotid)
(2 pts)

Answer 13

1. Envelopes the parotid gland

2. Also contains external carotid retromandibular vein and CN 7

Question 14

Mandibular Body Space

3 pts

Answer 14

1. Encases mandible from symphysis to anterior edge of medial pterygoid and masseter
2. Communicates with many other spaces: vestibular space, Buccal, submental, sublingual, submandibular
3. Communication easy once periosteum breachea.

Question 15

Submental space

2 pts

Answer 15

1. Mylohyoid (sup to submental space)

2. Anterior bellies of digastric superficial cervical fascia

Question 16

Submandibular space

3pts

Answer 16

1. Mylohyoid (medial and inferior)
2. Mandible
3. Lateral and posterior to submental space

Question 17

Sublingual space

3 pts

Answer 17

1. Mylohyoid
2. Mandible
3. Oral mucosa and tongue

*Ludwigs angina- closes off airway

Question 18

Infectious process

3 pts

Answer 18

1. Virulence of the organism
2. Resistance of the host
3. Dose

*plus a few more factors

Question 19

Dental infections

3 dental infections

Answer 19

1. Abscess
2. Cellulitis
3. Osteomyelitis

Question 20

Signs of infection

Answer 20

Inflammation: HERP
Heat
Edema
Redness 
Pain

Question 21

Abscess infection

3 pts

Answer 21

1. Local area of trapped pathogens
2. Death of tissue-suppuration or exudate(pus)
3. Fistula

• body tries to fight off, becomes pimple looking on guns, kills tissues and nerve and can go through bone
• least worse out of 3

Question 22

Cellulitis infection

3 pts

Answer 22

1. Diffuse edema from inflammation
2. Origin is an infection
3. Generally more dangerous than an abscess
   (2nd worst out of dental infection)
   *ludwigs angina is a type of cellulitis
   *multiple spaces involved
   *caused by underlying health or something uncontrolled.

Question 23

Osteomyelitis infection

3 pts

Answer 23

1. An inflammation of bone marrow
2. May create sequestration of bone
3. More common in mandible, but can happy anywhere in mouth

*worst out of the 3 dental infections

Question 24

The spread of dental infections can go into…

4

Answer 24

Sinus
Blood stream
Lymphatics
Spaces

Question 25

Sinusitis: spread of infection | 3 pts

Answer 25

1. Maxillary sinusitis 2. Usually upper respiratory infection(tract origin) 3. Usually respond well with antibiotics

Question 26

Bacterium: spread of infection | 3 pts

Answer 26

1. Bacteria in blood stream 2. Usually transient and not an issue in healthy patients 3. May need to use antibiotics before some dental care in some patients

Question 27

Lymphatics: spread of infection | 4 pts

Answer 27

1. Infection of mandibular anterior tooth 2. Submental 3. Submandibular 4. Superior deep cervical

Question 28

Fascial spaces: spread of infections | 2 pts

Answer 28

1. Single space infections | 2. Ludwigs angina

Question 29

Prevention of infections | 3 pts

Answer 29

1. Through history 2. Early diagnosis and treatment 3. Rinses and rubber dam (isolates a tooth so infection can't spread to others)