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Italy 1911-46 > Fascist State > Flashcards

Fascist State Flashcards

1
Q

What was the name of the University fascist group?

A

GUF

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2
Q

What year was the first fascist youth movement the ‘Fascist Youth Front’ formed?

A

1921

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3
Q

What was the name of the fascist youth group for boys aged 8-14?

A

Balilla

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4
Q

What was the origin of the name?

A

A boy throwing stones at Austrian invaders, and started an uprising against them

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5
Q

The youngest division of the fascist group were named sons and daughters of the what?

A

She-wolf

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6
Q

How did non-membership of the ONB make life difficult?

A

Getting jobs, career progression, identified you as anti-fascist

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7
Q

What year was membership of the ONB made compulsory?

A

1939

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8
Q

What ancient Roman was Mussolini compared to in school texts?

A

Julius Caesar

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9
Q

What were the Littoriali?

A

National student games

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10
Q

Why was fascist propaganda scaled back at university level?

A

Assumed they’d already be well indoctrinated at this point

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11
Q

What was the name of the fascist youth group for boys?

A

Balilla

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12
Q

What was the purpose of the Opera Nazionale Dopolavoro?

A

Social organisation for workers

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13
Q

By 1926 what had happened to left wing papers such as ‘Avanti!’?

A

Shut down

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14
Q

In 1937, there was a celebration of the 2000th birthday of which Ancient Roman?

A

Augustus Caesar

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15
Q

What was the name of Mussolini’s cult of personality?

A

The Cult of Il Duce

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16
Q

What was the name for political exile in the South of Italy?

A

Confino

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17
Q

What were the OVRA?

A

The secret police

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18
Q

Name some anti-Semitic measures introduced by Mussolini from 1937 onwards

A

Jews can’t marry Italians, own certain amounts of land, businesses and schools shut down

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19
Q

What did the title ‘First Marshal of the Empire’ confer on the holder?

A

Supreme command of Italian armed forces

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20
Q

What was the role of the podesta?

A

A local level governor of an area of Italy

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21
Q

What was Syndicalism?

A

Employers and employees working in harmony as equals

22
Q

The Palazzo Vidoni Pact removed the power of which group?

A

Catholic and Socialist trade unions

23
Q

Name either of Mussolini’s first two foreign ministers

A

Alberto De’Stefani and Giuseppe Volpi

24
Q

What was the Battle for Lira?

A

The policy of overvaluing the lira to solidify Italy’s position as a great power

25
Q

What is Confindustria?

A

A company of representatives employers in Italy

26
Q

What was Mussolini’s ‘third way’?

A

The idea of a middle ground between capitalism and communism

27
Q

What is a Corporation?

A

A combination of workers unions/syndicates and employers that had control over an aspect of the economy

28
Q

What did the Istituto Mobiliare Italiano (IMI) Policy do after the Wall Street Crash?

A

Supported banks with credit from the government so they did not collapse

29
Q

What is autarky?

A

Economic self sufficiency

30
Q

What was the Battle for Births?

A

Mussolini’s attempt to increase the population of Italy to 60 million people

31
Q

What caused the occupation of Corfu in 1923?

A

Assassination of an Italian general (Enrico Tellini)

32
Q

How much money was demanded from Greece in compensation for the incident?

A

50 million lire

33
Q

What territory was given to Italy in 1924 that had previously been denied to them?

A

Fiume

34
Q

What treaty did Italy sign in 1925?

A

Locarno Treaty

35
Q

Ahmet Zog became president of what country in 1924 with Mussolini’s backing?

A

Albania

36
Q

The process of putting down Libyan resistance in 1929-32 was known as what?

A

Pacification of Libya

37
Q

Why were international relations between Italy and France complicated?

A

Due to antifascist exiles in France (Rosselli brothers)

38
Q

What was the major foreign policy issue between Italy and Germany?

A

Anschluss

39
Q

Who was assassinated in 1934?

A

Engelbert Dolfuss

40
Q

What was the name of the agreement made in 1935 between Italy, France and Britain in a meeting in the North of Italy?

A

The Stresa Front

41
Q

What pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan in 1937?

A

The Anti-Comintern Pact

42
Q

What did Mussolini admire about Germany?

A

It’s militarism and loyalty to Hitler

43
Q

As payoff for the Anschluss, what country did Italy invade?

A

Albania

44
Q

What did the Pact of Steel tie Italy to?

A

Germany’s foreign policy

45
Q

What pact was signed 23rd August 1939?

A

Nazi-Soviet Pact (or Molotov-Ribbentrop)

46
Q

What was one reason Italy should remain neutral in WWII?

A

Economic and military weakness

47
Q

What were the reasons Italy should join the war on the side of the Nazis?

A

Honour Pact of Steel
Fascist doctrine
Share in the spoils

48
Q

List the countries Germany conquered in the early years of WWII (1939-40)

A

Poland
Denmark
Norway
Belgium
Netherlands
France

49
Q

What was Mussolini’s excuse to Hitler for not being able to enter the war?

A

That he would have been prepared for a war in 1942 but did not have the resources now

50
Q

When did Italy enter WWII?

A

10th June 1940

Italy 1911-46 (4 decks)

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