Fasting [ Sawm ] Flashcards
(23 cards)
1
Q
What is Fasting [ Sawm ]
A
- Fasting means that one abstains from 8 Things from the start of the time of Morning [ Subh ] Prayers until the time of Maghrib Prayers in Humility and Obedience to the Lord of The Worlds
RULING 1551
- Things that Invalidate A Fast [ Mubtilat Us Siyam ]
1) Eating and Drinking
2) Sexual Intercourse
3) Masturbation - Meaning that A Man either with himself or by means of something does something other than sexual intercourse that results in ejaculation
4) Ascribing False Things to Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Messengers and The Successors of The Most Noble Messengers such as The Infallible Imams [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
5) Causing Thick Dust to reach the Throat [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
6) Remaining in a State of Ritual Impurity [ Janabah ], Menstruation [ Hayd ] or Lochia [ Nifas ] until the time of Subh Prayers
7) Applying Liquid Enema
8) Vomiting Intentionally
2
Q
Intention [ Niyyah ] For Fasting [ Sawm ]
A
RULING 1529
- It is not necessary for one to make an intention in his heart to fast or to say for example ‘ I will fast tomorrow ‘
- Rather, it is sufficient for one to decide that in humility to the Lord of The Worlds from the start of the time of Morning [ Subh ] Prayers until the time of Maghrib Prayers that he will not do anything that invalidates a fast
- To be certain [ Have Yaqin ] that one has fasted throughout this time, he must begin abstaining from a short period before the time of Subh prayers and he must also refrain from doing anything that invalidates the
fast for a short period after Maghrib Prayers
RULING 1530
- On every night of The Month of Ramadhan, one can make The Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast the next day
RULING 1531
- The latest time available for a conscious person to make the intention to keep a fast of the month of Ramadhan is at the time of Subh Prayers
- This means that, at the time of Subh Prayers, His Abstinence [ From The 8 Things That Invalidate A Fast ] must coincide with his Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast albeit subconsciously [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1532
- With regards to a Recommended [ Mustahabb ] Fast, If a person has not done anything to Invalidate a Fast, then at whatever time of the day he makes the intention to keep a recommended fast even if there is a short period of time until Maghrib Prayers, his fast will be valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1533
- If a person goes to sleep before the time of Subh Prayers in The Month of Ramadhan [ Or any day which he has assigned for keeping an Obligatory ( Wajib ) Fast ] without making the intention to fast and he wakes up :-
1) Before Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers - He must make the Intention [ Niyyah ] to Fast and abstain from the 8 Things that Invalidate a Fast and his Fast will be Valid [ Sahih ]
2) After Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers - He must Abstain from the 8 Things that Invalidate a Fast for the rest of the day with a General Intention [ Niyyah ] of attaining proximity to Allah [ qasd al - qurbah al - mutlaqah ] without specifying any particular about the fast and he must also keep a Qada fast for it [ He must make up for that fast after The Month of Ramadhan ]
RULING 1534
- If someone wants to keep a Qada fast or a fast for Recompense [ Kaffarah ], he must specify it
- For Example, he must make The Intention [ Niyyah ] that ‘ I am keeping a Qada Fast ‘ or ‘ I am keeping a Kaffarah Fast ‘
- However, in The Month of Ramadhan, it is not necessary for one to make The Intention [ Niyyah ] that ‘ I am keeping a fast of The Month of Ramadhan ‘
- In fact, if someone does not know or forgets that it is The Month of Ramadhan and makes The Intention [ Niyyah ] to keep some other fast, it will be considered a fast of The Month of Ramadhan
- Similarly, For a fast of a Vow [ Nadhr ] and suchlike, it is not necessary to make The Intention [ Niyyah ] to keep a fast of a vow
RULING 1535
- If someone knows that it is The Month of Ramadhan yet Intentionally [ Amdan ] makes The Intention [ Niyyah ] to keep a fast other than that of The Month of Ramadhan then the fast for which he made The Intention will not be Valid [ Sahih ]
- Similarly, it will not be considered a fast of The Month of Ramadhan if that Intention [ Niyyah ] is inconsistent with attaining proximity to Allah
- In fact, even if it is not inconsistent with attaining proximity to Allah, it will not be considered a fast of The Month of Ramadhan [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1536
- If, for example, someone keeps a fast with The Intention [ Niyyah ] of the 1st of The Month of Ramadan and afterwards he realises
that it was the 2nd or 3rd of The Month then his fast is still Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1537
- If someone who makes The Intention [ Niyyah ] before the time of Subh Prayers to fast the next day but he becomes unwillingly unconscious and during the day he regains consciousness, then he must complete the fast of that day and if he does not complete it, he must keep a Qada fast for it [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- If he becomes willingly unconscious [ For Example : He consents to a doctor making him unconscious in order to have an operation ], he must complete the fast of that day and keep a Qada Fast for it as well [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1538
- If someone makes The Intention [ Niyyah ] before the time of Subh Prayers to fast the next day and he becomes Intoxicated and during the day he becomes Sober then he must complete the fast of that day and keep a Qada Fast for it as well [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1539
- If someone makes the intention before the time of Subh Prayers to fast the next day, goes to sleep and wakes up after Maghrib Prayers,
his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1540
- If someone does not know or forgets that it is The Month of Ramadhan and becomes aware of this :-
1) Before Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers and he has not done anything to Invalidate His Fast - He must make The Intention [ Niyyah ] of Fasting and his fast will be Valid [ Sahih ]
2) Before Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers but he has done something that Invalidates His Fast - His Fast is Invalid [ Batil ] and must act according to the following 2 Instructions :-
i) He must not do anything else that Invalidates a fast until Maghrib Prayers
ii) He must keep a Qada Fast for it after The Month of Ramadhan
3) After Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers and he has not done anything to Invalidate His Fast - He must fast with The Intention [ Niyyah ] of Raja [ To keep The Fast in the hope that it is desired by Allah ] and he must keep a Qada Fast for it after The Month of Ramadhan
RULING 1541
- If a child reaches the age of Legal Responsibility [ Baligh - Puberty / Adulthood ] before the time of Subh Prayers in The Month of Ramadhan, he must Fast
- If a child becomes Baligh [ Puberty / Adulthood ] after the time of Subh Prayers, the fast of the day is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
- However, if he made The Intention [ Niyyah ] to keep a recommended fast, the recommended precaution [ al - iḥtiyaṭ al - mustaḥabb ] is that he should complete it
RULING 1542
- If someone has been hired to keep The Qada Fasts of a dead person or if he has to keep a Kaffarah of his own, there is no problem in him keeping a recommended fast of his own
- However, if someone has to keep his own Qada Fasts of The Month of Ramadhan, he cannot keep a recommended fast [ Until he has kept his own Qada Fasts ] even if he has Vowed [ Nadhr ] to keep that recommended fast
- In the event that he forgets and keeps a recommended fast and remembers this :-
1) Before Zuhr Prayers - His recommended fasts becomes Invalid [ Batil ] but he can change his Intention [ Niyyah ] to an Intention [ Niyyah ] of keeping a Qada Fast
2) After Zuhr Prayers - His Fast is Invalid [ Batil ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
3) After Maghrib Prayers - His Fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1543
- If it is Obligatory [ Wajib ] for a person to keep an assigned [ Time Specific ] Fast other than The Fast of The Month of Ramadhan [ For Example : He had made a Vow [ Nadhr ] that he would fast on a particular day ] and if he :-
1) Intentionally does not make The Intention [ Niyyah ] to keep the fast until the time of Subh Prayers - His Fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
2) Does not know that it is Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to fast on that day or he forgets and remembers before The Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayer and he has not done anything to Invalidate a fast - He must make The Intention [ Niyyah ] immediately and his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
3) Remembers after Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers - He must exercise The Obligatory Precautionary measure that was mentioned in RULING 1533 which stated that he must Abstain from the 8 Things that Invalidate a Fast for the rest of the day with a General Intention [ Niyyah ] of attaining proximity to Allah [ qasd al - qurbah al - mutlaqah ] without specifying any particular about the fast and he must also keep a Qada fast for it [ He must make up for that fast after The Month of Ramadhan ]
RULING 1544
- There is no problem if someone intentionally does not make The Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast until near Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers for an Obligatory Fast that has not been assigned for a particular day such as a fast for Kaffarah
- If a person decides not to fast or is indecisive as to whether he should fast or not, in the event that he has not done anything that Invalidates a fast, he can make The Intention [ Niyyah ] before Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers to fast and his fast will be Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1545
- If a Disbeliever [ Kafir ] becomes a Muslim during the daytime in The Month of Ramadhan and from the time of Subh Prayers until the time he became a Muslim he did not do anything that Invalidates a fast, he must abstain from the 8 things that invalidates a fast until the end of the day with The Intention [ Niyyah ] to fulfill whatever his Legal Obligation happens to be [ ma fi al - dhimmah ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- If he does not do this then he must keep a Qada Fast for it [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1546
- If in the middle of a day in The Month of Ramadhan, a sick person gets well :-
1) Before Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers and until that time he has not done anything that Invalidates a fast - He must make The Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast and he must keep the fast of that day [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ] 47
2) After Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers - It is not Obligatory for him to fast on that day but he must keep a Qada Fast for it
RULING 1547
- If someone doubts whether it is The Last Day of Sha’ban or The First Day of Ramadhan, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to fast on that day and if he wants to fast on that day, he cannot do so with The Intention [ Niyyah ] of keeping The Fast of The Month of Ramadhan
- However, if he makes The Intention [ Niyyah ] that if it is The Month of Ramadhan, he is keeping The Fast of The Month of Ramadhan and if it is not The Month of Ramadhan, he is keeping a Qada Fast or another Legitimate Fast [ Including a Recommended Fast ], the fast will be Valid [ Sahih ]
- In this situation, it is better that he fast with The Intention of keeping a Qada Fast or another Legitimate Fast and in the event that afterwards it becomes known that it was The First Day of The Month of Ramadhan, it will be counted as The Fast of The Month of Ramadhan
- Furthermore, if a person makes The Intention [ Niyyah ] of fasting in general [ With The Intention ( Niyyah ) of attaining proximity to Allah without specifying any particulars about the fast ] and afterwards it becomes known that it was The Month of Ramadhan, it is also sufficient
RULING 1548
- If there is doubt as to whether it is The Last Day of Sha’ban or The First Day of Ramadhan and someone keeps a fast with The Intention [ Niyyah ] of a Qada Fast or a Recommended Fast or suchlike and if during the day he finds out that it is The Month of Ramadhan, he must make The Intention of The Fast of The Month of Ramadhan and continue Fasting
RULING 1549
- If someone [ Having no legitimate excuse ( Udhr ) ] is Indecisive as to whether or not to Invalidate an assigned [ Time Specific ] Obligatory Fast [ Such as The Fast of The Month of Ramadhan ] or he decides to Invalidate His Fast [ But does not do anything to break his Fast ] and does not make the Intention to Fast again, his fast becomes
Invalid [ Batil ] - If he does make The Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast again, he must complete the fast of that day and afterwards keep a Qada Fast for it [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1550
- With regards to a Recommended Fast or an Obligatory Fast that does not have an assigned time [ Such a Fast for Kaffarah ], if someone decides to do something that Invalidates a fast or is Indecisive whether or not to Invalidate it, then in the event that he does not do so and makes The Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast again :-
1) Before Mid Day [ Zuhr ] Prayers in the case of Obligatory Fast - His Fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
2) Before Sunset [ Ghurub ] in the case of Recommended Fast - His Fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
3
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Eating and Drinking
A
RULING 1552
- If a fasting person who is aware of the fact that he is fasting intentionally eats or drinks something, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] irrespective of whether the thing he ate or drank was something Normal [ Bread, Water, etc ] or Not Normal [ Earth, Sap of A Tree, etc ] and irrespective of whether it was a little or a lot
- In fact, even if one takes a toothbrush out of his mouth and then puts it back into his mouth and swallows the the moisture from the toothbrush, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] unless the moisture on the toothbrush was so little that it could be said to have disappeared in his saliva
RULING 1553
- If someone realizes while eating that it is the time of Subh, he must take the food out of his mouth and in the event that he intentionally swallows it, his fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
- Furthermore, Kaffarah also becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] on him
RULING 1554
- If a fasting person eats or drinks something inadvertently [ Sahwan ], his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1555
- Injections and IV Drips do not Invalidate a fast even if the former is an Energy Injection and the latter a Glucose Saline Drip
- Similarly, a Spray used for Asthma does not Invalidate a fast provided that the medication only enters The Lungs
- Applying Medicine [ Such as Drops ] to the Eyes and Ears does not Invalidate a fast either even if it reaches The Throat
- Likewise, if Medicine is applied to the Nose, it does not Invalidate the fast as long as it does not reach The Throat
RULING 1556
- If a fasting person intentionally swallows something that has remained in between his teeth, his fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1557
- If someone wishes to keep a fast, it is not necessary for him to use a toothpick before the Time of Subh Prayers
- However, if one knows that some food that has remained in between his teeth will be swallowed during the day, he must use a toothpick to remove it
RULING 1558
- Swallowing saliva does not Invalidate a fast even though it may have collected in one’s mouth due to thinking about food and suchlike
RULING 1559
- There is no problem in swallowing the mucous of the Head and Chest as long as it has not entered the cavity of the Mouth
- If it does enter the Mouth Cavity and is swallowed, the fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
- Although, the Recommended Precaution is that one should not swallow it
RULING 1560
- If a fasting person becomes so thirsty that he fears he may die of thirst, sustain some harm or fall into hardship that he cannot beat, he can drink water to the extent that his fear of these is averted but in this case, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ]
- In fact, in the case of Fear of Death and Suchlike, it is Obligatory [ Wajib ] for one to drink
- If it is The Month of Ramadhan, the person must not drink an amount that is more than necessary and for the rest of the day, he must refrain from doing anything else that Invalidates a fast
RULING 1561
- Chewing Food [ For Feeding a Child or a Bird ] and Tasting Food [ To Check That Right Amount of Salt Has Been Added, etc ] which usually does not cause the food to reach the Throat does not Invalidate a fast even if the food happens to reach the Throat accidentally
- However, if one knows from the outset that such food will reach the Throat yet intentionally does it, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] and he must keep a Qada Fast for it and Kaffarah also becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
RULING 1562
- One cannot break his fast in The Month of Ramadhan on account of feeling weak even if the weakness caused is severe
- However, if one’s weakness is to such an extent that normally it could not be endured then one is permitted to eat or drink only to the extent that is necessary [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- In such a case, the person must abstain for the rest of the day from the things that Invalidate a fast and he must keep a Qada Fast for it after The Month of Ramadhan
- However, Kaffarah will not be Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
4
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Sexual Intercourse
A
RULING 1563
- Sexual Intercourse Invalidates a fast even if the penetration is as little as the Circumcised Part of The Penis and there is no Ejaculation
RULING 1564
- If penetration is less than the Circumcised Part of The Penis and there is no Ejaculation, the fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
- However, for a man who has not been Circumcised, any amount of penetration even if it less than the Circumcised Part of The Penis Invalidates his fast
RULING 1565
- If someone intentionally decides to have Sexual Intercourse and then doubts whether or not there was penetration up to the Circumcised Part of The Penis, the Rule [ Hukm ] concerning this can be found in RULING 1549 and if he had not done anything that Invalidates a fast, Kaffarah is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] on him
RULING 1566
- If someone forgets that he is fasting and has Sexual Intercourse or if someone is forced to have Sexual Intercourse in a manner that is not of his free will, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
- However, in the event that during Sexual Intercourse, he remembers [ That He Is Fasting ] or he is no longer forced to have Sexual Intercourse, he must immediately stop having Sexual Intercourse and if he does not stop then his fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
5
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Masturbation
A
RULING 1567
- If a fasting person Masturbates [ The Meaning of Masturbation Was Mentioned in Ruling 1551 , his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1568
- If a person ejaculates involuntarily, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1569
- Whenever a fasting person knows that if he goes to sleep during the day, he will have a Wet Dream [ Become Muhtalim ] meaning that the Semen will be ejaculated in his sleep, it is permitted [ Ja’iz ] for him to go to sleep even if he will not encounter difficulty by not sleeping and if he has a Wet Dream, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1570
- If a fasting person wakes up from sleep while ejaculation is taking place, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to stop the ejaculation
RULING 1571
- A fasting person who has a Wet Dream can urinate even if he knows that by urinating, some of the remaining Semen will come out of his Penis
RULING 1572
- If a fasting person who has a Wet Dream knows that some Semen has remained in his Penis and he knows that if he does not urinate before performing Ritual Bathing [ Ghusl ], Semen will be discharged after Ghusl, then The Recommended Precaution is that he should urinate before performing Ghusl
RULING 1573
- If someone intentionally indulges in Courtship with the intention of ejaculating but does not ejaculate and he does not make another Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast, his fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
- If he does not make another Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast, he must complete his fast and keep a Qada Fast for it as well [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1574
- If a fasting person indulges in Courtship with his wife without the intention of ejaculating, in the event that he is confident [ He Has Itmi’nan ] that he will not ejaculate but does ejaculate, his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
- However, if he is not confident that he will not ejaculate and does ejaculate then his fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
6
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Ascribing False Things to Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Messengers and The Successors of The Most Noble Messengers such as The Infallible Imams [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
A
RULING 1575
- If a fasting person intentionally ascribed something false to Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Prophet or The Infallible Imams whether he does this Verbally, In Writing or by Making a Sign and suchlike and even if he immediately says ‘ I Have Lied ‘ or he repents, his fast is Invalid [ Batil ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- The same applies based on Recommended Precaution to ascribing something false to Her Eminence [ Fatimah ] Al Zahra and The Other Prophets and Their Successors
RULIING 1576
- If someone wishes to report a narration about which he does not have any evidence as to its authenticity and he does not know whether it is true or false, then he must report it in such a way that does not directly attribute it to The Most Noble Prophet or The Infallible Imams [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1577
- If someone quotes something as the word of Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Prophet or The Infallible Imams with the belief that it is true and afterwards he realizes that it was false, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1578
- If someone ascribes to Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Prophet or The Infallible Imams something that he knows to be false and afterwards he realizes that what he said was true and he knew that this act would Invalidate his fast, he must complete his fast and keep a Qada Fast for it as well [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1579
- If someone intentionally ascribes to Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Prophet or The Infallible Imams something that has been fabricated by some other person, then his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- However, if he simply narrates from the person who fabricated the falsehood without knowing it to be false, there is no problem and his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1580
- If a fasting person is asked whether Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Prophet or The Infallible Imams said such things and he intentionally replies ‘ Yes ‘ when he should ‘ No ‘ or vice versa, then his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1581
- If someone correctly quotes the words of Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Prophet or The Infallible Imams and then says ‘ I Lied ‘ or if at night, he ascribes something false to them and on the following day when he is fasting says ‘ What I Said Last Night Is True ‘, then his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] unless his intention is to explain the state of his information [ He Means To Assert That It Is True That He Did Actually Say That Last Night And Not That What He Said Was True ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
7
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Causing Thick Dust To Reach The Throat
A
RULING 1582
- Causing thick dust to reach one’s throat Invalidates a fast whether the dust is of something Lawful [ Halal ] to eat such as Flour or it is something Unlawful [ Haram ] to eat such as Soil [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1583
- Causing dust that is not thick to reach the Throat does not Invalidate a fast
RULING 1584
- If thick dust appears and a person despite being aware and able to take care does not take care and the dust reaches his Throat, then his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- However, if dust were to appear by means of the wind or a storm and suchlike and preventing it from reaching one’s throat would
be considered excessively difficult then preventing it would not be necessary
RULING 1585
- A fasting person must not cause the smoke of Cigarettes, Tobacco or Suchlike to reach his Throat [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1586
- If someone does not take due care and Dust, Smoke or Suchlike enters his Throat, in the event that he was certain or confident that it would not reach his Throat, his fast if Valid [ Sahih ]
- However, if he only supposed [ Zann ] that it would not reach his Throat, it is better that he keeps a Qada Fast for it
RULING 1587
- If someone forgets that he is fasting and does not take due care or if dust or something similar reaches his Throat Involuntarily, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1588
- Immersing the entire head in water does not Invalidate the fast but is Highly Disapproved [ Makruh ]
8
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Remaining In A State of Janabah, Hayd or Nifas Until The Time of Subh Prayers
A
RULING 1589
- If in The Month of Ramadhan, a Junub [ A person who is currently in the State of Ritual Impurity ( Janabah ) ] intentionally does not perform Ghusl until the time of Subḥ Prayers or if his duty is to perform Dry Ablution [ Tayammum ] and he does not perform it, he must complete the fast of that day with the intention of ma fi al dhimmah and he must also fast another day after The Month of Ramadhan
- With regard to the fast on this additional day, as it is not known whether it is a fast of Qada or punishment, he must keep it with the intention of ma fi al dhimmah and not with the intention of Qada
RULING 1590
- Whenever someone wants to keep a Qada Fast of The Month of Ramadhan intentionally remains in the state of Janabah until the time of Subh Prayers, he cannot fast on that day
- If he does this unintentionally, he can fast on that day although the Recommended Precaution is that he should not fast on that day but instead fast on another day
RULING 1591
- With regards to Obligatory [ Wajib ] or Recommended [ Mustahabb ] fasts other than the fast of The Month of Ramadhan and their Qada, if a Junub intentionally remains in the state of Janabah until the time of Subh Prayers, he can fast on that day
RULING 1592
- In the event that someone who is Junub on a night of The Month of Ramadhan does not perform Ghusl until the time remaining to Subh Prayers becomes short, he must perform The Dry Ablution [ Tayammum ] and keep the fast and his fast will be valid
RULING 1593
- If a Junub in The Month of Ramadhan forgets to perform Ghusl and remembers after one day, he must keep a Qada Fast for that day
- If he remembers after a few days, he must keep a Qada Fast for all the days he is certain to have been Junub on
- For example, if he does not know whether he was Junub for 3 or 4 days then he must keep Qada Fast for 3 days
RULING 1594
- If on a night of The Month of Ramadhan someone knows that he will not have time to perform Ghusl or Tayammum yet intentionally becomes Junub, his fast is Invalid [ Batil ] and Qada and Kaffarah both become Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him [ He must keep a fast after The Month of Ramadhan and give Recompense as well ]
RULING 1595
- If someone knows that he does not have time to perform Ghusl and intentionally becomes Junub and then performs Tayammum or if despite having time he intentionally delays performing Ghusl until the time becomes short and then performs Tayammum, in these
cases, although he commits a sin, his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1596
- If someone who is Junub on a night of The Month of Ramadhan knows that if he goes to sleep he will not wake up until the time of Subḥ Prayers, then he must not go to sleep without performing Ghusl [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- In the event that he chooses to go to sleep before performing Ghusl and does not wake up until the time of Subḥ Prayers, he must complete the fast of that day and Qada
and Kaffarah become Obligatory for him
RULING 1597
- Whenever a Junub goes to sleep on a night of The Month of Ramadhan, if when he wakes up he deems it probable that were he to go to sleep again he would wake up before the time of Subḥ Prayers, he can go to sleep [ Without Performing Ghusl ]
RULING 1598
- If someone is Junub on a night of The Month of Ramadhan and is certain or confident that if he goes to sleep he will wake up before the time of Subḥ Prayers, in the event that he decides to perform Ghusl after waking up and goes to sleep with this decision but remains
asleep until the time of Subḥ Prayers, his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1599
- If someone is Junub on a night of The Month of Ramadhan and is not confident that if he goes to sleep he will wake up before the time of Subḥ Prayers, in the event that he is unmindful of the fact that he must perform Ghusl after waking up and he goes to sleep and remains asleep until the time of Subḥ Prayers, then a Qada Fast becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1600
- If someone is Junub on a night of The Month of Ramadhan and is certain or deems it probable that if he goes to sleep he will wake up before the time of Subḥ Prayers and if he wakes up but does not want to perform Ghusl and he goes back to sleep and does not wake up again before the time of Subḥ Prayers, then in such a case, he must complete the fast of that day and Qada and Kaffarah become Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
- The same applies if he doubts whether he will perform Ghusl after waking up [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1601
- If a Junub on a night of The Month of Ramadhan goes to sleep, wakes up and is certain or deems it probable that if he sleeps
again he will wake up before the time of Subḥ Prayers and he decides that he will perform Ghusl after waking up then in the event that
he goes to sleep again but does not wake up until the time of Subḥ Prayers, he must keep a Qada Fast for the fast of that day - Furthermore, if he wakes up from the second sleep and goes back to sleep for a third
time but does not wake up until the time of Subḥ Prayers, he must keep a Qada Fast for the fast of that day and based on Recommended Precaution, he should also give Kaffarah
RULING 1602
- A sleep in which a Wet Dream has taken place is considered the first sleep. Therefore, if after waking up from this first sleep someone goes back to sleep and does not wake up until the time of Subḥ Prayers, then, as stated in the previous ruling, he must keep a Qada fast for the fast of that day
RULING 1603
- If someone who is fasting has a Wet Dream during the day, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to perform Ghusl immediately
RULING 1604
- Whenever someone in The Month of Ramadhan wakes up after the time of Subḥ Prayers and finds that he has had a Wet Dream, then, even if he knows he had a Wet Dream before the time of Subḥ Prayers, his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1605
- If someone who wants to keep a Qada Fast of The Month of Ramadhan wakes up after the time of Subḥ Prayers and finds that he has had a Wet Dream and if he knows that he had this Wet Dream before the time of Subḥ Prayers, he can fast on that day with the Intention [ Niyyah ] of keeping a Qada fast of The Month of Ramadhan
RULING 1606
- If a woman’s Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] stops on a night of The Month of Ramadhan before the time of Subḥ Prayers and she intentionally does not perform Ghusl or if her duty is to perform Dry Abblution [ Tayammum ] but she does not do so, she must complete the fast of that day and keep a Qada Fast for that day as well
- Furthermore, with regard to a Qada Fast of The Month of Ramadhan, if she intentionally does not perform Ghusl or Tayammum before the time of Subḥ Prayers, then she cannot fast on that day [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1607
- If a woman’s Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] stops on a night of The
Month of Ramadhan before the time of Subh Prayers and she intentionally does not perform Ghusl until the time before Subḥ Prayers becomes too short to perform Ghusl, she must perform Dry Abblution [ Tayammum ] and the fast of that day will be Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1608
- If a woman’s Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] stops on a night of The
Month of Ramadhan before the time of Subh Prayers but she does not have time to perform Ghusl, she must perform Dry Abblution [ Tayammum ] - However, it is not necessary for her to remain awake until the time of Subḥ Prayers
- The rule is the same for a Junub in the event that his duty is to perform Tayammum
RULING 1609
- If a woman’s Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] stops near the time of Subh Prayers in The Month of Ramadhan but she does not have time to perform Ghusl or Tayammum, her fast will be Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1610
- If a woman’s Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] stops after the time of Subh Prayers, she cannot fast on that day
- Furthermore, if she experiences Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] during the day while she is fasting, then even if it is near the time of Maghrib Prayers, her fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1611
- If a woman forgets to perform Ghusl for Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] and remembers after a day or few days, the fasts that she kept are Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1612
- If a woman’s Hayḍ [ Menstruation ] or Nifas [ Blood of Childbirth ] stops before the time of Subḥ Prayers in The Month of Ramadhan but she is negligent in performing Ghusl until the time of Subḥ Prayers and if in the short time remaining she does not perform Tayammum either, then, as mentioned previously, she must complete the fast of that day and keep a Qada Fast
- However, in the event that she is not negligent [ For example, she waits for the public bath to become accessible to women only or she cannot access the bathroom due to a legitimate reason ] then even if she sleeps three times and does not perform Ghusl until the time of Subḥ Prayers, her fast will be Valid [ Sahih ] provided she is not negligent in performing Tayammum
RULING 1613
- If a woman has Excessive Istihadah [ Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ] and does not perform the Ghusls according to the Laws of Istihadah mentioned in RULING 394, her fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
- Similarly, if a woman has Medium Istihadah [ Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ] and does not perform Ghusl, her fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1614
- Someone who has touched a corpse [ He has brought a part of his own body into contact with the corpse ] can fast without performing the Ghusl for touching a corpse [ Mass Al Mayyit ]
- Furthermore, if one touches a corpse while fasting, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
9
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Applying Enema
A
RULING 1615
- Applying Liquid Enema [ Injection of Water or Other Fluid into the Large Intestine by way of the Rectum ] even if one is obliged to or for the purpose of treatment Invalidates a fast
10
Q
Things That Invalidate A Fast - Vomiting
A
RULING 161
- Whenever a fasting person Intentionally vomits, his fast becomes Invalid [ Sahih ] even if he vomited out of necessity or because of illness and suchlike
- However, if he vomits Unintentionally or Involuntarily, there is no problem and his fast remains Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1617
- If at night one eats something that he knows will cause him to vomit Unintentionally during the day, his fast will be Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1618
- If a fasting person feels sick and the cause of this is something natural such that it could not commonly be said that he made himself feel sick, then even if he can restrain himself from vomiting, it is not necessary for him to do so and his fast will be Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1619
- If bits of food or other tiny items enter a fasting person’s throat and go down to an extent that it could not be called ‘ eating ‘, it is not necessary for him to bring it out and his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
- However, if the items do go down to that extent that it could be called ‘ eating ‘, then he must bring them out even if this requires vomiting unless vomiting is harmful or excessively difficult [ Mashaqqah ] for him to the extent that it could not normally be endured.
- In the event that he does not vomit it but swallows it instead, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ]
- Similarly, if he brings it out by vomiting after swallowing it, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ]
RULING 1620
- If a person Unintentionally swallows something and remembers that he is fasting before it reaches his stomach and if it goes down to such an extent that were he to then make it enter his stomach it could not be called ‘ eating ‘, it is not necessary for him to bring it out and his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1621
- If a person is certain that by burping, something will come out of his throat and were he to burp, it would be in a manner that could be called ‘ Vomiting ‘, then in such a case, he must not burp Intentionally
- However, there is no problem in him burping if he is not certain about this
RULING 1622
- If someone burps and something comes up in his throat or mouth, he must spit it out and if he swallows it Involuntarily, his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
11
Q
Laws of Things That Invalidates A Fast
A
RULING 1623
- If a person Intentionally and Voluntarily does something that invalidates a fast, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] and in the event that he does not do it Intentionally, there is no problem [ And his fast remains Valid ( Sahih ) ]
- However, if a Junub goes to sleep and as per the details mentioned in Ruling 1600, he does not perform Ghusl until the time of Subḥ Prayers, his fast is Invalid [ Batil ]
- Furthermore, in the event that one does not know that some of the things mentioned previously invalidate a fast and he has not been negligent in not knowing nor does he doubt that a particular thing may invalidate his fast or he trusts in something that is legally authoritative [ al ḥujjah al sharʿiyyah ] [ For example, the statement of a reliable person ] and he does that thing, in such a case, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ] except in the case of Eating, Drinking and Sexual Intercourse
RULING 1624
- If a fasting person inadvertently does something that invalidates a fast, and with the belief that his fast has become Invalid [ Batil ], he intentionally does one of those things again, then the rule in the previous ruling will apply to him
RULING 1625
- If something is forced down a fasting person’s throat, his fast does not become Invalid [ Batil ]
- However, if he is forced to break his fast by Eating, Drinking or having Sexual Intercourse [ For example, he is told ‘ If you do not eat food, we will inflict some financial or physical harm on you ‘ ] and he eats something to prevent the harm from being inflicted, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ]
- Furthermore, his fast also becomes Invalid [ Batil ] if he is forced to do any of the other things that invalidate a fast [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1626
- A fasting person must not go to a place where he knows something will be poured down his throat or where he will be forced to break his fast and if he goes to such a place and he is compelled to do something that breaks his fast, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ]
- The same applies if something is poured down his throat [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
12
Q
Things That Are Disapproved [ Makruh ] For A Fasting Person To Do
A
RULING 1627
- Some things are disapproved for a fasting person to including :-
1) Putting Medication in the Eyes and applying Collyrium in a way that the Taste or Smell of it reaches the Throat
2) Doing anything that causes weakness such as Giving Blood or Taking A Shower
3) Putting Medication in the Nose if one does not know that it will reach the Throat and if one knows that it will reach the Throat then it is not permitted
4) Smelling aromatic plants
5) To sit in water [ For Women ]
6) Using a Suppository
7) Making the clothes that are on the body wet
8) Having teeth extracted or doing anything that causes blood to come out of the Mouth
9) Brushing the teeth with a wet piece of wood
10) Putting Water or any Other Fluid in the Mouth without due cause
11) Immersing the entire Head in Water
12) Someone to kiss his Wife or do something that arouses him without intending to ejaculate
13
Q
Times When It Is Obligatory [ Wajib ] For A Muslim To Do Both :-
1) Make Up Qada Fast
2) Give Recompense [ Kaffarah ]
A
RULING 1628
- If someone Invalidates a Fast of The Month of Ramadhan by
1) Eating or Drinking
2) Having Sexual Intercourse
3) Masturbating
4) Remaining in The State of Janabah until the time of Subḥ Prayers
- In the event that he did one of these things Intentionally and Voluntarily and he was not compelled or forced to, then as well as Qada, Kaffarah also becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him [ He must keep a Fast after The Month of Ramadhan and Give Recompense as well ]
- As for someone who Invalidates a Fast by means other than those mentioned, The Recommended Precaution is that in addition to Qada, he should also give Kaffarah
RULING 1629
- If someone performs one of the things mentioned [ In The Previous Ruling ] while believing with certainty that it would not Invalidate his Fast, then Kaffarah is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
- The same applies to someone who does not know that fasting is obligatory for him such as a child in the early stages of legal responsibility [ Bulugh ]
14
Q
Recompense [ Kaffarah ] of A Fast
A
RULING 1630
- The Kaffarah for breaking a single Fast [ Iftar ] Unlawfully in The Month of Ramadhan is that the person must either :-
1) Free A Slave
Or
2) Fast for 2 Months in accordance with the instructions that will be mentioned in the Next Ruling
Or
3) Feed 60 Poor People [ Fuqara ] [ Feeding means must be equivalent to a Mudd of Food per person ] or Give 60 Poor People [ Fuqara ] a Mudd [ Approximately 750 grams ] of Food [ Rice, Wheat, Barley, Bread, Dates, etc ]
- In the event that none of these is possible for the person, he must give charity to the extent that he can
- If this is not possible either, he must seek forgiveness from Allah The Exalted and he must give Kaffarah whenever he can [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1631
- Someone who wants to fast for 2 months for the Kaffarah of The Month of Ramadhan must fast 1 Complete Month and 1 Day from the Next Month Continuously
- Similarly, he must fast the rest of that Second Month Continuously [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- If an obstacle arises that would commonly be considered a legitimate excuse, he does not have to fast that particular day but once his legitimate excuse expires, he must resume his fasts
RULING 1632
- Someone who wants to fast for 2 Consecutive Months for the Kaffarah of a single fast of The Month of Ramadhan must not start at a time when he knows a day on which fasting is Unlawful [ Haram ] [ Such As Eid Ul Adha ] will fall within the 1 Month and 1 Day period
- Nor must he fast at a time when he knows a day on which fasting is Obligatory [ Wajib ] [ Such As A Day of The Month of Ramadhan ] will fall within that period
RULING 1633
- If someone who must fast continuously does not fast one of the days without a legitimate excuse, he must start the Kaffarah fasts all over again
RULING 1634
- If during the days that someone must fast continuously a legitimate excuse arises [ Such As Hayd, Nifas or A Journey on Which He Has To Go ], then once the excuse expires, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to start the fasts all over again, rather, he will continue the rest of the fasts immediately after the excuse has expired
RULING 1635
- If a person Invalidates his fast by means of something Unlawful [ Haram ] whether that thing is Fundamentally Unlawful [ Like Wine or Fornication ] or something that has become Unlawful due to a particular reason [ Like Eating Lawful Food That Is In A General Sense Harmful For Him Or Having Intercourse With His Wife When She Is In The State of Hayd ], then in these cases, giving 1 Kaffarah is sufficient
- However, The Recommended Precaution is that he should give the Total Kaffarah [ All 3 ] :-
1) Free A Slave
And
2) Fast for 2 Months in accordance with the instructions that will be mentioned in the Next Ruling
And
3) Feed 60 Poor People [ Fuqara ] [ Feeding means must be equivalent to a Mudd of Food per person ] or Give 60 Poor People [ Fuqara ] a Mudd [ Approximately 750 grams ] of Food [ Rice, Wheat, Barley, Bread, Dates, etc ]
- In the event that all three are not possible for him, he should do the ones that are possible for him
RULING 1636
- If a fasting person intentionally attributes a lie to Ascribing False Things to Allah The Exalted, The Most Noble Messengers and The Successors of The Most Noble Messengers such as The Infallible Imams [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ], it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to give Kaffarah
- However, The Recommended Precaution is that he should give Kaffarah
RULING 1637
- If on several occasions on a single day of The Month of Ramadhan, a person Eats, Drinks, Has Sexual Intercourse or Masturbates, then giving 1 Kaffarah is sufficient for all of them
RULING 1638
- If a fasting person does something that Invalidates a fast other than having Sexual Intercourse or Masturbating and afterwards he has Sexual Intercourse with his lawful partner, then giving 1 Kaffarah is sufficient for both actions
RULING 1639
- If a fasting person does something that is Lawful but Invalidates a fast [ For Example, He Drinks Water ] and afterwards he does something else that is Unlawful and Invalidates a fast [ For Example, He Eats Unlawful Food ], then giving 1 Kaffarah is sufficient
RULING 1640
- If a fasting person burps and something comes up in his mouth, then If he intentionally swallows it, his fast is Invalid [ Batil ] and he must keep a Qada Fast and give Kaffarah [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- If eating that thing is Unlawful [ Haram ] [ For Example, When Burping, Blood or Some Food Like Substance That Has Lost The Form of Food Reaches His Mouth And He Intentionally Swallows It ], then it is better that he give the Total Kaffarah [ All 3 ] [ As Defined in RULING 1635 ]
RULING 1641
- If someone keeps a vow that he will fast on an assigned day, in the event that he intentionally Invalidates his fast on that day, he must give Kaffarah. The Kaffarah for this will be mentioned in the laws relating to vows
RULING 1642
- If a fasting person breaks his fast based on the statement of someone who says it is Maghrib despite the fact that he was not confident in the statement being true and afterwards he finds out that it was not Maghrib or if he doubts whether it is Maghrib or not but still breaks his fasts, then in these cases, Qada Fast and Kaffarah become Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
- If he was of the belief that the person’s statement was authoritative, then only Qada Fast is necessary
RULING 1643
- If someone intentionally Invalidates his fast and travels after Zuhr, Kaffarah is not Waived [ Relinquished / Disregarded ]
- Similarly, if he intentionally Invalidates his fast and then travels before Zuhr to escape Kaffarah [ For Example, If He Thinks That By Being Considered A Traveller That Day, He Will Have A Legitimate Excuse For Not Fasting And So He Will Not Have To Give Kaffarah For Intentionally Invalidating His Fast ], again Kaffarah is not Waived [ Relinquished / Disregarded ]
- In fact, even if it becomes necessary for him to travel before Zuhr, Kaffarah remains Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
RULING 1644
- If a person intentionally breaks his fast and afterwards a legitimate excuse arises such as Hayd, Nifas or an Illness, The Recommended Precaution is that he should give Kaffarah especially if some medication or other such means brought about the Hayd or Illness
RULING 1645
- If a person is certain that it is the First Day of The Month of Ramadhan and he intentionally Invalidates his fast and afterwards it becomes known that it was actually the last day of Sha’ban, Kaffarah is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
RULING 1646
- If a person doubts whether it is the Last Day of The Month of Ramadhan or The First of Shawwal and he intentionally Invalidates his fast and afterwards it becomes known that it was the first of Shawwal, Kaffarah is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
RULING 1647
- If a fasting man in The Month of Ramadhan has Sexual Intercourse with his wife who is fasting, in the event that he had compelled his wife to do so, he must give Kaffarah for Invalidating his fast
- In addition to that, he must give Kaffarah for Invalidating his wife’s fast as well [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- If his wife consented to having Sexual Intercourse, 1 Kaffarah becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for each of them
RULING 1648
- If a woman compels her fasting husband to have Sexual Intercourse with her, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for her to give Kaffarah for Invalidating her husband’s fast
RULING 1649
- If a fasting man in The Month of Ramadhan compels his wife to have Sexual Intercourse with him and during the Sexual Intercourse his wife consents, 1 Kaffarah becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for each of them
- In addition, The Recommended Precaution is that the man should give 2 Kaffarahs
RULING 1650
- If a fasting man in The Month of Ramadhan has Sexual Intercourse with his fasting wife while she is asleep, 1 Kaffarah becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
- Furthermore, his wife’s fast is Valid [ Sahih ] and Kaffarah is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for her
RULING 1651
- If a man compels his wife or a wife compels her husband to do something that Invalidates a fast other than having Sexual Intercourse, Kaffarah is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for either of them
RULING 1652
- A man who does not fast due to travelling or illness cannot compel his fasting wife to have Sexual Intercourse with him
- However, if he does compel her, Kaffarah is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
RULING 1653
- One must not be negligent in giving Kaffarah in the sense that him not giving it would be deemed to be carelessness in performing an Obligatory [ Wajib ] Act
- However, it is not necessary to give it immediately
RULING 1654
- If Kaffarah becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for someone and he does not give it for a few years, nothing is added to it
RULING 1655
- If someone who must feed 60 Poor People [ Fuqara ] as the Kaffarah for 1 Day has access to all 60 people, he cannot reduce the number of Poor People to feed even if he gives the same amount of Kaffarah [ For Example, He Cannot Give 2 Mudds To 30 People And Suffice With That ]
- He can, however, give a single Poor Person [ Faqir ] 1 Mudd of food for each of the Poor Person’s Family Members even if they are Minors [ Saghir ] and The Poor Person accepts this by way of Agency [ Wikalah ] for his family or by way of Guardianship [ Wilayah ] if they are minors
- If he cannot find 60 Poor People but for example, he finds 30 people, he can give 2 Mudds of food to each of them
- However, he must give 1 Mudd of food to another 30 Poor People whenever he can [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1656
- If after Zuhr someone who is keeping a Qada Fast of The Month of Ramadhan intentionally does something that Invalidates his fast, he must give 1 Mudd of food to 10 Poor People and if he cannot, he must fast for 3 days
15
Q
Times When It Is Obligatory [ Wajib ] For A Muslim To Only :-
1) Make Up Qada Fast
A
RULING 1657
- In some cases other than those that were indicated previously, only Qada is Obligatory [ Wajib ] for a person and not Kaffarah :-
1) One is Junub [ In A State Of Janabah ] on a Night of The Month of Ramadhan and as per the details mentioned in RULING 1601, he does not wake up from The Second Sleep until The Time of Subh Prayers
2) One does not do anything that Invalidates a fast but does not make the Intention [ Niyyah ] to fast, pretends to fast or intends not to
fast and the same applies if he intends to do something that Invalidates a fast, as per the details explained in Ruling 1549
3) In The Month of Ramadhan, one forgets to perform Ghusl of Janabah and in the state of Janabah, he fasts one day or several days
4) In The Month of Ramadhan, one does not investigate whether or not The Time for Subh Prayers has set in and does something that Invalidates a fast and afterwards it becomes known that The Time of Subḥ Prayers had set in
- Someone says The Time of Subh Prayers has not set in and based on his statement one does something that Invalidates a fast and afterwards it becomes known that The Time of Subh Prayers had set in
- Someone says it is Subh but a fasting person does not have certainty about the validity of the person’s statement or he thinks that the person who made the statement is joking and he does not investigate and he does something that Invalidates a fast and afterwards it becomes known that it really was Subh
- One breaks his fast based on the statement of someone whose statement is Legally Authoritative [ Sharʿan) for him [ For Example, Someone Whose Word He Trusts ] who tells him it is Maghrib or he mistakenly believes that his report is Authoritative and afterwards it becomes known that it was not Maghrib
- One is certain or confident that it is Maghrib and breaks his fast and afterwards it becomes known that it was not Maghrib. However, if he breaks his fast because the weather was cloudy that day and suchlike and he supposed it had become Maghrib and afterwards it becomes known that it was not Maghrib, then the Obligation [ Wajib ] of Qada in this instance is Based on Obligatory Precaution
- Someone who Gargles [ He Circulates Water In His Mouth ] due to thirst and unintentionally swallows the water. However, if the person forgets that he is fasting and swallows the water or he gargles for reasons other than thirst [ As In Cases When Gargling Is Recommended Such As In Wudu ] and he unintentionally swallows the water, then there is no Obligation [ Wajib ] for him to keep a Qada Fast
- Someone who breaks his fast due to Compulsion, Necessity or Taqiyyah and if he breaks his fast due to Compulsion or Taqiyyah, then Qada is due only if he was required to Eat, Drink or Have Sexual Intercourse. The same applies if he was required to break his fast by means other than Eating, Drinking, or Having Sexual Intercourse [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1658
- If a person puts something other than water in his mouth and unintentionally swallows it or if he puts water in his nose and unintentionally swallows it, then Qada is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
RULING 1659
- Gargling a lot is disapproved for a fasting person and if after gargling one wants to swallow his saliva, it is better to spit out the saliva 3 times before swallowing
RULING 1660
- If a person knows that by Gargling, water will unintentionally or forgetfully enter his throat, he must not Gargle
- However, if in this case he does Gargle but water does not enter his throat, then Qada is necessary [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1661
- If in The Month of Ramadhan after investigating [ By Looking At The Horizon To Sight The True Dawn ], it is not known to someone that The Time of Subh Prayers has set in and he does something that Invalidates a fast and afterwards it becomes known that it was Subh, then Qada is not necessary
RULING 1662
- One cannot break his fast if he merely doubts whether it is Maghrib or not
- However, if one doubts whether it is Subh or not, he can do something that Invalidates a fast even before investigating
16
Q
Laws of A Lapsed [ Qada ] Fast
A
RULING 1663
- If an insane person becomes sane, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to make up the fasts that he did not keep when he was insane
RULING 1664
- If a Disbeliever becomes a Muslim, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to make up the fasts that he did not keep when he was a Disbeliever
- However, if a Muslim becomes a Disbeliever and then becomes a Muslim again, he must make up the fasts that he did not keep while he was a Disbeliever
RULING 1665
- One must make up a fast that he did not keep due to Intoxication even if he consumed the Intoxicating thing for the purposes of treatment
RULING 1666
- If someone does not fast for a few days due to a legitimate excuse and afterwards doubts when his excuse expired, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to fast more days than what he deems probable as having missed
- For example, someone who travelled before The Month of Ramadhan and who does not know whether he returned on the 5th or 6th of The Month of Ramadhan or the sixth or he travelled in The Last Few Days of The Month of Ramadhan and returned after The Month of Ramadhan but does not know whether he travelled on the 25th or 26th, in both cases, he can keep Qada Fasts for The Lower Figure
- Although The Recommended Precaution is that he should keep Qada Fasts for The Higher Figure
RULING 1667
- If someone has Qada Fasts left over from a number of Previous Ramadhans, it does not matter which month of Ramadan he keeps Qada Fasts for first
- However, if the time for the Qada of The Last Month of Ramadhan is short [ For Example, He Has To Keep 5 Qada Fasts From The Last Month of Ramadhan And Only 5 Days Remain Until The Beginning of The Next Month of Ramadhan ], it is better that he keep the Qada Fasts for The Last Month of Ramadhan first
RULING 1668
- If a person has to keep Qada Fasts for a Number of Ramadhans and he does not specify in his Intention [ Niyyah ] which Month of Ramadhan he is keeping a Qada Fast for, it will not be regarded as the Qada Fast for the Last Year and as a result, The Kaffarah for delaying its Qada would not be Waived [ Relinquished / Disregarded ]
RULING 1669
- One can Invalidate the Qada Fast of The Month of Ramadhan before Zuhr
- However, if the number of days left for him to keep his Qada Fast before The Start of The Month of Ramadhan are few, it is better that he does not Invalidate them
RULING 1670
- If a person has kept a Qada Fast for a dead person, it is better that he does not Invalidate it after Zuhr
RULING 1671
- If someone does not fast in The Month of Ramadhan due to Illness, Hayd or Nifas and he dies before the passing of a period in which he could have made up those fasts then those fasts do not have to be made up
RULING 1672
- If due to Illness one does not fast in The Month of Ramadhan and his Illness continues until The Month of Ramadhan of The Following Year, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to make up the fasts he did not keep and for each day he must give 1 Mudd [ Approximately 750 grams ] of Food to a Poor Person [ This Type Of Compensative Payment Is Called Fidyah ]
- However, if one does not fast because of another legitimate excuse [ For Example, He Was Travelling ] and his excuse remains valid until The Following Month of Ramadhan, he must make up the fasts that he did not keep
- He must also, for each day, give 1 Mudd of food to a Poor Person as Fidyah [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1673
- If due to Illness one does not fast in The Month of Ramadhan and after The Month of Ramadhan his Illness is cured but another legitimate excuse arises such that he cannot make up the fasts until The Following Month of Ramadhan, he must make up the fasts he did
not keep - He must also, for each day, give 1 Mudd of food to a Poor Person as Fidyah [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- The same applies if in The Month of Ramadhan one has another legitimate excuse other than Illness and after The Month of Ramadhan that excuse expires and until The Month of Ramadhan of the following year he cannot fast due to illness
RULING 1674
- If in The Month of Ramadhan one does not fast due to a legitimate excuse and after The Month of Ramadhan that excuse expires but he intentionally does not make up the fasts before The Following Month of Ramadan, he must make them up and give 1 Mudd of food to a Poor Person as Fidyah
RULING 1675
- If a person is negligent in keeping Qada Fast until The Time Before The Next Month of Ramadhan becomes short and in the shortage of time a legitimate excuse arises, he must make them up
- He must also, for each day, give 1 Mudd of food to a Poor Person as Fidyah [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- The same applies if after the excuse expires he decides to make up his fasts but before he does so, a legitimate excuse arises in The Short Time Remaining Before The Month of Ramadhan
RULING 1676
- If a person’s illness continues for some years, he must make up the fasts for The Last Month of Ramadhan after he gets better and for each missed day of the previous years, he must give 1 Mudd of food to a Poor Person as Fidyah
RULING 1677
- Someone who must give 1 Mudd of food to a Poor Person for each missed fast can give The Kaffarah of several days to a single Poor Person
RULING 1678
- If a person delays keeping the Qada Fasts of The Month of Ramadhan for a few years, he must make them up
- For the first year’s delay, he must give 1 Mudd of food to a Poor Person for Each Missed Fast as Kaffarah
- However, for the delay in the later years, there is no Obligation [ Wajib ] for him to give Kaffarah [ For Example, If Someone Has To Make Up One Fast And He Delays Making It Up For 3 Years, He Must Give 1 Kaffarah ( 1 Mudd of Food ) To A Poor Person And Not 3 Kaffarah ]
RULING 1679
- If a person intentionally does not keep The Fasts of The Month of Ramadhan, he must make them up as Qada Fast and for each of them, he must :-
1) Free A Slave
Or
2) Fast for 2 Months
Or
3) Feed 60 Poor People [ Fuqara ] [ Feeding means must be equivalent to a Mudd of Food per person ] or Give 60 Poor People [ Fuqara ] a Mudd [ Approximately 750 grams ] of Food [ Rice, Wheat, Barley, Bread, Dates, etc ]
- In the event that he does not make them up until The Next Month of Ramadhan, then he must also give 1 Mudd of food as Kaffarah [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1680
- If a person intentionally does not keep a fast of The Month of Ramadhan and in the day he repeatedly has Sexual Intercourse or Masturbates, The Kaffarah is not repeated
- Similarly, if one does something else that invalidates a fast a number of times [ For Example, He Eats Food A Number Of Times ] then giving 1 Kaffarah is sufficient
RULING 1681
- After a father’s death, the eldest son must keep his father’s Qada Fasts of The Month of Ramadhan as per the details mentioned in RULING 1370 concerning prayer
- Instead of fasting each day, he can give 1 Mudd [ Approximately 750 grams ] of food to a poor person even from the deceased’s property if the heirs consent to it
RULING 1682
- If a father had not kept Obligatory [ Wajib ] Fasts other than The Fasts of The Month of Ramadhan [ For Example, He Had Not Kept A Fast That Had Become Obligatory On Account Of A Vow Or If He Had Been Hired To Fast On Behalf Of Someone Else But Had Not Done So ], it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for the eldest son to make up such fasts
17
Q
Laws of Fasting For A Traveller
A
RULING 1683
- A Traveller must not fast if his obligation on a journey is to perform the 4 Unit [ Rakaah ] Prayers as 2 Units [ Rakaah ] [ In Qasr Form ]
- A Traveller who performs his prayer in its Complete [ Tamam ] Form such as someone whose work is Travelling or Whose Journey is Sinful must fast on his journey
RULING 1684
- Travelling during The Month of Ramadhan is not Forbidden [ Haram ]
- However, Travelling to escape fasting is Disapproved [ Makruh ]
- Similarly, Travelling in general in The Month of Ramadhan is Disapproved [ Makruh ] except for Umrah [ Minor Pilgrimage ] or because of necessity
RULING 1685
- If an assigned [ Time Specific ] Fast other than The Fast of The Month of Ramadhan is Obligatory [ Wajib ] for a person, then in the event that it has become Obligatory [ Wajib ] because he has been hired by someone to fast and suchlike or it is the 3rd Fast of The Days of Spiritual Retreat [ I’tikaf - Refers To The Act Of Staying In A Mosque Under Particular Conditions With The Intention Of Worshipping Allah ], he cannot travel on that day and if he is on a journey and it is possible, he must make an intention to stay in a place for ten days and fast on that day
- However, if the fast of that day has become Obligatory [ Wajib ] on account of a vow, the Apparent [ Zahir ] Ruling is that travelling is permitted on that day and it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] to make an intention to stay although it is better not to travel if one is not obliged to and if he is on a journey, it is better to make an intention to stay
- However, if it has become Obligatory [ Wajib ] on account of an Oath [ Qasam ] or a Covenant [ Ahd ], then one must not travel and if he was on a journey, he must make an intention to stay [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1686
- If a person makes a vow to keep a recommended fast but does not assign a day for it, he cannot keep that fast on a journey
- However, in the event that one makes a vow that he will fast on a particular day on a journey, he must keep that fast on a journey
- Furthermore, if one makes a vow to fast on a particular day whether he is travelling or not, he must fast on that day even if he is travelling
RULING 1687
- A Traveller can keep Recommended Fasts in Madinah for 3 days for the Fulfilment of Wishes [ For Example, For Particular Needs ( Hajat ) Of His To Be Granted ]
- And those 3 days should be Wednesday, Thursday and Friday [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1688
- If someone who does not know that Traveller’s Fast is Invalid Fasts on a journey and finds out the ruling during the day, his fast becomes Invalid [ Batil ] and if he does not find out until Maghrib, his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1689
- If a person forgets that he is a Traveller or that a Traveller’s Fast is Invalid [ Batil ] and Fasts on a journey, then his fast is Invalid [ Batil ] [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1690
- If a fasting person travels after Zuhr, he must complete his fast and in such a case, it is not necessary for him to make up that fast [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- If he travels before Zuhr, then he cannot fast on that day particularly if he had made the intention to travel the night before [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- In any case, he must not do anything that Invalidates a fast before reaching The Permitted Limit [ Hadd Al Tarakhkhus ] otherwise Kaffarah becomes Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
- The Permitted Limit is the place where the people of a Town [ Including Those Who Live On Its Outskirts And Are Considered Residents Of The Town ] cannot see a Traveller due to the distance he has travelled [ A Traveller Would Know He Has Reached This Point When He Can No Longer See The People Of The Town Nor Those Living On Its Outskirts ]
RULING 1691
- If a Traveller in The Month of Ramadhan [ Whether he travelled Before Sunrise or he was Fasting and then Travelled ] reaches his Hometown [ Watan ] or a place where he intends to stay for 10 days Before Zuhr, in the event that he did not do anything that Invalidates a fast before reaching that place, he must fast on that day and it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to make it up [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- If he did something that Invalidates a fast before reaching that place, the fast of that day is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him and he must make it up
RULING 1692
- If a Traveller reaches his Hometown [ Watan ] or a place where he intends to stay for 10 days after Zuhr, then his fast is Invalid [ Batil ] and he must make it up [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1693
- It is Disapproved [ Makruh ] for a Traveller and indeed anyone who has a legitimate excuse for not fasting to have Sexual Intercourse or Eat and Drink to His Full During The Day in The Month of Ramadhan
18
Q
Those On Whom Fasting Is Not Obligatory [ Wajib ]
A
RULING 1694
- Fasting is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for someone who finds fasting excessively difficult due to old age nor is it necessary for such a person to make up the fasts
- However, for each day that he does not fast, he must give 1 Mudd of Food [ Approximately 750 grams ] to a poor person
- If fasting for him is not possible at all as opposed to being excessively difficult, it is not necessary that he give Fidyah
- It is permissible to give Fidyah Payments to an agent or representative [ Wakil ] such as a trusted charity who will buy the required food and distribute it on the person’s behalf
RULING 1695
- If someone who has not fasted on account of old age is able to fast after The Month of Ramadhan, The Recommended Precaution is that he should make up the fasts that he did not keep [ Qada Fasts ]
RULING 1696
- If someone has an illness that makes him very thirsty and he cannot bear being thirsty or it is excessively difficult for him to bear it, then fasting is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him
- However, in the second case, he must give 1 Mudd of Food [ Approximately 750 grams ] to a poor person for each missed fast
- In the event that he is able to fast afterwards, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to make them up
RULING 1697
- Fasting is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for a pregnant woman approaching the time of delivery if it is harmful for her or the unborn child
- Such a woman must give 1 Mudd of Food [ Approximately 750 grams ] to a poor person for each missed fast and she must make up the fasts she did not keep [ Qada Fasts ]
RULING 1698
- If fasting is harmful for :-
1) A woman who is breastfeeding her child and who has little milk whether she is the child’s mother or wet nurse
2) Someone who is breastfeeding the child without getting paid
3) The child that is being breastfed
- For the cases mentioned above, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for her to fast and she must give 1 Mudd of Food [ Approximately 75 grams ] to a poor person for each missed fast and she must make up the fasts she did not keep [ Qada Fasts ]
- However, this rule only applies to the case where giving milk to the child is limited to this way [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- Therefore, if there is another way of giving milk to the child [ For Example, A Number Of Women Participate In Breastfeeding The Child Or The Child Is Fed With The Aid Of A Bottle ], then affirming this rule is problematic [ Mahall Al Ishkal ]
- Thus, it is not permitted for such a woman not to fast [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
19
Q
Ways of Establishing The First of The Month
A
RULING 1699
- The First of The Month can be established in 4 Ways :-
1) A person sees The Moon himself. The seeing must be done with The Naked Eye [ Without Any Equipment ]. Therefore, in the event that The Crescent Moon cannot be sighted with The Naked Eye, seeing it with the aid of a Telescope is not sufficient
2) A group of people from whose statement one derives certainty or confidence say that they have seen the moon. Similarly, The First of The Month is established by means of anything that one derives certainty from or a rational source that one derives confidence from
3) Two Dutiful [ ‘Adil ] Men say they have seen The Moon at Night. However, if they describe attributes of The Crescent Moon that contradict one another, The First of The Month is not established. Similarly, The First of The Month is not established by the testimony of Two Dutiful Men if one is certain or confident about them having made a mistake or if their testimony is affected by a countervailing argument [ Mua’rid ] or by something that comes under the rule of a countervailing argument. For example, if a large group of the city’s people go to sight The Moon but no more than Two Dutiful People claim to have sighted The Moon or if a group of people go to sight The Moon and Two Dutiful People from among them claim to have sighted The Moon and others do not sight it while amongst those others there are Two Other Dutiful People who are as good in knowing the position of The Crescent Moon and are as sharp sighted as the first Two Dutiful People and furthermore, The Sky is clear and for those two there is no probable obstacle to seeing The Moon, in these cases, The First of The Month is not established by the testimony of Two Dutiful People
4) Thirty Days from The First of The Month of Shaʿban pass by means of which The First of The Month of Ramadhan is established and Thirty Days from The First of The Month of Ramadhan pass by means of which The First of The Month of Shawwal is established
RULING 1700
- The First of The Month is not established by the ruling of a Fully Qualified Jurist [ Al Hakim Al Sharʿi ] unless :-
1) By means of his ruling
2) The First of The Month being established in His View [ The Jurist ] derives confidence in one’s mind that the The Moon has been sighted
RULING 1701
- The First of The Month is not established by the predictions of Astronomers unless one derives certainty or confidence from their statements
RULING 1702
- The Moon being High or Setting Late is no evidence that The Night Before was The First Night of The Month
- Similarly, if The Moon has a Halo, it is no evidence that it is the Second Night
RULING 1703
- If The Month of Ramadhan is not established for someone and he does not fast and afterwards it is established that The Previous Night was The First of The Month, he must make up the fast for that day [ Qada Fast ]
RULING 1704
- If The First of The Month is established in a City, The First of The Month will also be established in Other Cities that are united with it on The Horizon
- The meaning of ‘ Unity of Horizon ’ here is that if The Moon is seen in The First City, it would also be seen in The Second City if there were no obstacles such as Clouds and Dust
- This brings about confidence in the case where The Second City if it is to The West of The First City has a Latitudinal Position close to that of The First City and if it is to The East of The First City then in addition to closeness in Latitudinal Position, there must not be a large difference in the Longitudinal Position either
RULING 1705
- If a person does not know whether it is The Last Day of The Month of Ramadhan or The First Day of Shawwal, he must fast on that day
- However, if during the day he finds out that it is The First of Shawwal, he must break his fast
RULING 1706
- If a Prisoner cannot be certain about whether or not it is The Month of Ramadhan, he must act according to his Supposition [ A Belief Held Without Proof or Knowledge ] and if he can find a Stronger Supposition, he cannot act on The Weaker Supposition
- Furthermore, he must Endeavour to attain the strongest probability and if there is no other way, he must [ As A Final Resort ] Draw Lots [ Qurʿah ] if this results in strengthening his inclination
- If acting according to Supposition is not possible, he must fast a month that he deems is probably The Month of Ramadhan
- Moreover, he must bear that month in mind and if he finds out afterwards that The Month he fasted was After The Month of Ramadhan, there is no Obligation [ Wajib ] for him to make up the Missed Fasts
- However, if it becomes known that it was Before The Month of Ramadhan, he must make up The Fasts of The Month of Ramadhan
20
Q
Unlawful [ Haram ] Fasts
A
RULING 1707
- Fasting on Eid Al Fitr [ 1st of Shawwal ] and Eid Al Adha [ 10th of Dhu Al Hijjah ] is Unlawful [ Haram ]
- Furthermore, if one does know whether it is The Last of Sha’ban or The First Day of Ramadhan and fasts with The Intention [ Niyyah ] of it being The First Day of Ramadhan, it is Unlawful [ Haram ]
RULING 1708
- If a recommended fast of a woman conflicts with Her Husband’s Conjugal Rights, it is Unlawful [ Haram ] for her to keep it
- Similarly, with regard to a fast that is Obligatory [ Wajib ] but the day on which it must be kept has not been assigned [ For Example, A Vow That Has Been Made To Keep A Fast But The Day Of The Fast Has Not Been Assigned ], if it conflicts with Her Husband’ Conjugal Right, then the fast is Invalid [ Batil ] and it does not Fulfill The Vow [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
- The same applies if Her Husband forbids her to keep a Recommended Fast or an Obligatory Fast [ Wajib ] for which a day has not been assigned even if it does not conflict with His Conjugal Rights
- And The Recommended Precaution is that she should not keep a Recommended Fast without Her Husband’s Consent
RULING 1709
- If a Recommended Fast kept by a child is a source of annoyance for His Father or Mother due to their compassion for him, it is Unlawful [ Haram ] for the child to keep it
RULING 1710
- If a child keeps a Recommended Fast without the consent of His Father or Mother and during the day His Father or Mother forbid him to continue keeping his fast, in the event that the child’s opposition may annoy the parent due to the parent’s compassion for his or her child, the child must break his fast
RULING 1711
- Someone who knows fasting will not cause him significant harm even though a doctor says it is harmful for him to fast Must Fast
- And someone who is certain or supposes that fasting will cause him significant harm even though a doctor says it will not harm him is not Obliged [ Wajib ] to fast
RULING 1712
- If a person is certain or confident that fasting will cause him significant harm or he deems this probable and the probability creates fear in him, in the event that his deeming it probable would be considered by rational people to be reasonable, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to fast
- In fact, if that harm would result in him dying or losing a limb, fasting is Unlawful [ Haram ]
- Otherwise, if he fasts with the Intention [ Niyyah ] of Raja’ and afterwards he realizes that it did not cause him any significant harm, his fast is Valid [ Sahih ]
RULING 1713
- If someone who believes that fasting does not harm him fasts and after Maghrib he finds out that fasting has caused him significant harm, then he must make up the fast [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
RULING 1714
- Apart from the fasts mentioned here, there are other Unlawful [ Haram ] Fasts mentioned in more detailed books
21
Q
Disapproved [ Makruh ] Fasts
A
RULING 1715
- Fasting is Disapproved [ Makruh ] on The Day of Ashura [ 10th of Muharram ]
- Fasting is also Disapproved [ Makruh ] on The Day that one Doubts is The Day of Arafah [ 9th of Dhu Al Hijjah ] or Eid Al Adha [ 10th of Dhu Al Hijjah ]
22
Q
Recommended [ Mustahabb ] Fasts
A
RULING 1716
- Fasting on any day of the year apart from the days on which fasting is Unlawful [ Haram ] or Disapproved [ Makruh ] is recommended
- It has been recommended more to fast on some days such as :-
1) The First and Last Thursday of Each Month and The First Wednesday after The Tenth of The Month. If someone does not fast on these days, it is recommended that he make them up. In the event that one cannot fast at all on these days, it is recommended that he give for each day 1 Mudd of Food [ Approximately 750 grams ] or 12.6 Nukhuds [ 1 Nukhud = 0.192 grams, 12 Nukhuds = 2.419 grams ] of Minted Silver [ In Present Times When Silver Is Not Minted, The Silver Does Not Need To Be Minted ] to a Poor Person
2) The 13th, 14th and 15th of Each Month
3) The Entire Month of Rajab and Shaʿban or at least Some Days of these 2 Months even if it is only 1 Day
4) The Eid of Nawruz [ The Day of Spring Equinox ]
5) From The 4th to The 9th of Shawwal
6) The 25th and 29th of Dhu Al Qa’dah
7) From The 1st to The 9th of Dhu Al Ḥijjah until and including The Day of Arafah. However, if due to weakness from fasting one cannot recite the Supplications [ Dua’s ] of The Day of Arafah,
then fasting on that day is Disapproved [ Makruh ]
8) The Auspicious Day of Eid Al Ghadir [ 18th of Dhu Al Ḥijjah ]
9) The day of Mubahalah [ 24th of Dhu A Ḥijjah ]
10) The 1st, 3rd and 7th of Muḥarram
11) The Joyous Birthday of The Most Noble Messenger [ 17th of Rabi Al Awwal ]
12) The 15th of Jumada Al Ula
13) The Day of Mabaʿth of The Most Noble
Messenger [ 27th of Rajab ]
- If someone keeps a Recommended Fast, it is not Obligatory [ Wajib ] for him to complete it
- In fact, if a Fellow Believer invites him to eat, it is recommended for him to accept the invitation and break his fast during the day even if it is after Zuhr
23
Q
Times When It Is Recommended [ Mustahabb ] For One To Abstain From Things That Invalidate A Fast
A
RULING 1717
- It is recommended for 5 Types of People even if they are not Fasting to abstain from things that Invalidate a Fast in The Month of Ramadhan :-
1) A Traveller who has done something that Invalidates a fast and who reaches his Hometown or a Place where he intends to stay for 10 Days Before Zuhr
2) A Traveller who After Zuhr reaches his Hometown or a Place where he intends to stay for 10 Days
3) A Sick Person who gets better After Zuhr or if he gets better Before Zuhr but has done something that Invalidates a fast. In case he has not done anything that Invalidates a fast, then he must fast on that day [ Based on Obligatory Precaution ]
4) A Woman whose Hayd or Nifas stops during the day
5) A Disbeliever who becomes a Muslim and who had done something that Invalidates a fast before becoming a Muslim
RULING 1718
- It is Recommended [ Mustahabb ] for a fasting person to perform Maghrib and Isha Prayers before breaking his fast
- However, if someone is waiting for him or he is very drawn to food such that he cannot pray with presence of heart, it is better that he first break his fast
- However, as much as he possibly can, he should perform The Prayers within their Prime Time [ Waqt Al Fadilah - The Early Period of The Prescribed Time For A Prayer During Which There Is More Reward For Performing It ]
