Fat Burning Flashcards
(40 cards)
What is an acyl?
An organic radical derived from an organic acid by the removal of the carboxylic hydroxyl group (fatty acid attached to something)
18:2w6
Linoleic acid
18:3w3
Linolenic acid
20:4w6
Arachidonic acid
20:5w3
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
22:6w3
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
16:0
Palmitic acid
18:0
Stearic acid
18:1w9
Oleic acid
Triglycerides provide how much energy per gram?
9kcal
What state are triglycerides in (oxidized or reduced)?
Reduced (lots of electrons)
What is the association between water and triglycerides?
They are anhydrous (no water)
What is the state of short chain fatty acids at room temperature?
Liquid
What is the state of longer chain fatty acids at room temperature?
Solid
Where are the vast majority of TG stored?
Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue
What percentage of TG are stored in skeletal muscle fibers?
1-2%
What type of muscle fiber stores 2-3 times more fat?
Type I (aerobic)
Type I muscle fibers are also abundant in…?
Lipid droplets and mitochondria
What are fat storage depots scattered throughout skeletal muscle where lipid droplets may accumulate?
Intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG)
What is the association between IMTG and exercise?
Increased exercise (specific examples were cycling and weight lifting) = decreased IMTG
What type of exercise quickly replenishes IMTG content without additional fat intake and occurs within two hours of exercise?
Resistance
What type of exercise is slow at replenishing IMTG content?
Aerobic
Eating what type of food and how much can increase IMTG replenishing ability?
A LITTLE fat
Normal populations have what kind of IMTG concentration and insulin sensitivity?
Lower IMTG concentration and moderate insulin sensitivity