FDST 3000 Final Exam Study Set

Question 1

Refined wheat, for the purposes of making enriched flour, has been milled in order to remove the germ and endosperm, leaving only the bran behind.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Regional FDA offices are responsible for warning letters to food companies.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Regardless of their type - be it saturated fats, trans fats, or polyunsaturated fats - they have all have the same number of calories per gram.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Protein is made up of many fatty acids linked together

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Branched chain amino acids are thought to be important for muscle recovery

Answer 5

True

Question 6

There is some uncertainty in the world as to the true number of calories of energy provided by dietary fiber in human nutrition

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Based on US food consumption as a % of calories, we consume roughly 63% processed food containing added fats , oils, sugars, and refined grains.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Food allergens are complex carbohydrates that are not completely broken down by the digestive tract, which then cross the gastrointestinal lining to enter the bloodstream.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was passed after more than 8,000,000 children died from ingesting the drug “Elixir Sulfanilamide”

Answer 9

False

Question 10

DRIs are a set of reference values for energy and nutrients that can be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy populations.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

In 2022, the US consumer spent ~$2.4 trillion annually on food

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Georgia produces more than 90% of all peanuts harvested in the US each year.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Lacto-ovo vegetarians do not eat animal-origin products, except for dairy and eggs.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Watercress, romaine lettuce, and pungent yellow onions all rank as part of the top 5 vegetables grown in GA.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Olestra is a designer fat, developed by Frito Lay, used in the manufacture of calorie-reducing fried products, like potato chips.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

In the US, the most consumed vegetables on a per capita basis are potatoes and tomatoes.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

The sandy loam soil of GA is very favorable for peach production.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Jimmy Carter signed the US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act into law in 1938.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Unlike ~50 years ago, there is a very big concern these days pertaining to post-harvest bacterial contamination of fresh fruits and vegetables.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

On a per gram basis, alcohol provides more calories than carbohydrates do.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Proteins can lose their functionality by denaturation. Yet, denaturation will not damage a protein’s primary structure.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Statistics show that the incidence of the obesity epidemic in the US has significantly slowed down over the past 5 years.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

There are only three indispensable amino acids for human nutrition

Answer 23

False

Question 24

The Meat Inspection Act of 1906 requires mandatory inspection of livestock before it’s slaughtered.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

A healthy adult should consume 60 g of protein per kg body weight per day.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

The official state crop of GA is the watermelon.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

"ULs" are intended to provide a recommended daily level of nutrient intake.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

A proximate composition of food measures the water, protein, lipid, and ash contents, and then determines the carbohydrate content by difference from 100.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Upton Sinclair wrote a book discussing the shocking unsanitary conditions of the US vegetable industry.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

Enzymes, which speed up biomedical reactions, are proteins.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Smithfield Foods Co. is best known for their beef products.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

The groundnut is another name for

Answer 32

Peanuts

Question 33

How many states in the nation rank higher than GA in the dollar amount of state GDP derived from the food product sector?

Answer 33

3

Question 34

Wilbur O. Atwater is noted for

Answer 34

Developing calorie contents/g for the macronutrients (protein, carbs, fat)

Question 35

GA's 2 biggest row crops are

Answer 35

Peanuts and Cotton

Question 36

Which is not considered a nutrient, because we don't have a good understanding of how much of it we should consume for optimal health.

Answer 36

Bioactive

Question 37

In the nation, GA ranks first in the production of

Answer 37

Broilers, Pecans, and Peanuts

Question 38

(EAR + 2 x SD[EAR] ) , where SD is the standard deviation, equals what?

Answer 38

RDA

Question 39

To "enrich white flour" we

Answer 39

Add back only some of the nutrients removed during processing, generally at higher levels than were originally present

Question 40

Pecans are rich in

Answer 40

Zinc, Vitamin E, Vitamin B1, and Fiber

Question 41

From the following list, which vegetable creates the highest economic impact for the state of GA?

Answer 41

Vidalia Onions

Question 42

Which of the following may increase the gram content of a food, but will not be quantified on a typical nutrition label?

Answer 42

Water

Question 43

Which of the following are defined as major food allergens by the FDA?

Answer 43

Tree nuts, soy, and wheat

Question 44

Which of the following most accurately depicts the expected relative magnitudes of quantities associated with there parameters?

Answer 44

EAR < RDA < UL

Question 45

Amino Acids contain

Answer 45

A carboxyl group, an amino acid group, a dispensable group, and an indispensable group

Question 46

Which of the following does not contain any callories?

Answer 46

Multivitamin

Question 47

As of what year was the amount of trans-fat in a food product mandated to be listed on food labels?

Answer 47

2012

Question 48

The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, governed by the FDA, prohibits which of the following?

Answer 48

Interstate commerce of harmful foods, unsanitary slaughterhouses and meat processing plants, and false or misleading labeling of food

Question 49

What is liberated/released when a peptide bond forms between 2 amino acids

Answer 49

Water

Question 50

The water-binding capacity of proteins is an important functional property of protein quality. Proteins can be classified as water-soluble, insoluble, or _______________.

Answer 50

salt-soluble

Question 51

When 2 or more food proteins whose amino acid assortments help each other in such a way that the indispensable amino acids limited in or missing form each are supplied by the others, these are known as ______________.

Answer 51

Clean Label

Question 52

Food - Anything which when absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract (GI Tract) is capable of providing a source of energy, providing ________________, and supplying regulators for metabolic reactions.

Answer 52

Materials for Growth

Question 53

The FDA's primary job is to enforce what?

Answer 53

The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

Question 54

When a company tampers with the standard identity of a food product and adds cheaper ingredients to it in order to make a larger profit, this is an example of what?

Answer 54

Food adulteration

Question 55

The indispensable amino acid in shortest supply in a food protein is known as what?

Answer 55

Limiting/Limited Amino Acid

Question 56

Freestone, semi-free, and Clingstone are categories of which GA commodity?

Answer 56

Peaches

Question 57

Sweet'N'Low contains saccharine, which is an example of what?

Answer 57

Non-calorie Sweetener

Question 58

Oils from 100% plant sources, unlike those of animal origin, do not contain any of this sterol, ________________ ; which is listed on the nutrition facts panel of every food product, and is associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Answer 58

Cholesterol

Question 59

Physical methods, such as mechanical action and temperature changes, and chemical methods, such as an excess of salt addition of pH changes, will cause ______________ to proteins.

Answer 59

Denaturation

Question 60

More than 50% of the US peanut crop for domestic consumption is process by industry into this one particular food item: _________________.

Answer 60

Peanut Butter

Question 61

Upton Sinclair wrote a book which had a major impact on the US meat-packaging industry. What was this book called?

Answer 61

The Jungle

Question 62

GA earned its title "______________" during the 3 decades following the US Civil War. GA is no longer the #1 in this commodity.

Answer 62

Peach State

Question 63

What is the estimate of the maximum amount of a vitamin or mineral a person can consume before experiencing negative side effects?

Answer 63

Upper Limit (UL)

Question 64

What is the principle nitrogen excretion product of metabolism that is sent to the kidneys by the liver for excretion?

Answer 64

Urea

Question 65

In 1990, what was named as GA's official state vegetable?

Answer 65

Vidalia Onion

Question 66

This fruit crop brought GA a Farm Gate Vale of roughly $450 million in 2021. What is it?

Answer 66

Blueberries

Question 67

The obesity epidemic falls under what category? This is one of the major food product trends presently driving "food research and development."

Answer 67

Health and Wellness