Feactures of interaction Flashcards
Elucidation
Speaker clarifies a point of information
E.g. ‘what I mean is’ ‘I think what Sarah means is’
Evaluation
When a speaker offers judgment either supporting or opposing
E.g. ‘yeah, you’re right’ ‘that’s rubbish’
Hedges
Expresses speakers certainty or uncertainty.
E.g. ‘I think’ ‘I’m sure’ ‘sort of’ ‘perhaps’
Initiators
Used to signal when person is about to speak.
E.g. ‘well’ ‘OK’ ‘right’
Interruptions
Violations of the turn-taking rules.
Where one person prevents another from finishing their utterance
Latch-on
When second speaker leaps in immediately after the first speaker has finished an utterance.
Minimal responses
Used to indicate the listener’s positive attention to the speaker.
A delayed minimal response may show a lack of interest or understanding
Monitoring features
Used to check that the speaker is being heard.
E.g. ‘you know’ ‘you know what I mean’
Overlaps
When the next speaker speaks at the very end of the current speaker’s turn.
Simultaneous speech
Occurs when two or more people are speaking at the same time
Soliciting
When a speaker makes a demand to the listeners.
E.g. ‘would you mind..?’ ‘who knows what…?’
Standard / Non-standard English
Spoken English is less likely to conform to the more formal rules of grammar applied in written English
Turn-taking
Taking turns to respond appropriately to each other’s utterances
Warranting
Expression of the degree of certainty a speaker feels
E.g. of course’ ‘obviously’ ‘indeed’
