Fecal Elimination

Question 1

Absorption of water and nutrients, mucoid protection of intestinal walls, fecal elimination

Answer 1

LARGE INTESTINE (Colon)

Question 2

Length of large intestine

Answer 2

125-150 cm

Question 2

increases downward pressure on the rectum

Answer 2

SITTING POSITION

Question 2

increases pressure within abdomen

Answer 2

THIGH FLEXION

Question 2

Parts of large intestine

Answer 2

CECUM
ASCENDING
TRANSVERSE
DESCENDING
SIGMOID
RECTUM
ANUS

Question 2

It is bounded by internal and external
sphincter muscle

Answer 2

ANAL CANAL

Question 2

pouches in large intestine due to
longitudinal muscles shorter than colon.

Answer 2

HAUSTRA

Question 2

wavelike movement w/c propels
intestinal contents forward

Answer 2

PERISTALSIS

Question 2

Normal defecation is facilitated by

Answer 2

THIGH FLEXION
SITTING POSITION

Question 2

Expulsion of feces from anus and rectum

‘Bowel movement’

Answer 2

DEFECATION

Question 2

largely air and the by-products of the
digestion of CHO

Answer 2

FLATUS

Question 2

3 Types of Movement in colon

Answer 2

1. HAUSTRAL CHURNING
2. PERISTALSIS
3. MASS PERISTALSIS

Question 2

– wave of powerful muscular
contraction that moves over large areas of colon

Answer 2

MASS PERISTALSIS

Question 2

movement of chyme back & forth within haustra

Answer 2

HAUSTRAL CHURNING

Question 2

Distended veins in rectum due to
pressure

Answer 2

HEMORRHOIDS

Question 2

Gas-producing foods

Answer 2

cabbage, onions, cauliflower, bananas, and apples

Question 3

Feces is normally made of ____ water, ___ solid materials

Answer 3

75% water, 25% solid materials

Question 3

FACTORS THAT AFFECT COLOR OF FECES

Answer 3

Stercobilin & Urobilin

Question 3

The first fecal matter of newborns

Answer 3

MECONIUM

Question 3

When the baby has ingested poop, it is called

Answer 3

MECONIUM STAINING

Question 3

Poop that follow for about a
week. Greenish-yellow, loose and
contain mucus

Answer 3

TRANSITIONAL STOOLS

Question 3

increased peristalsis of the colon after food has entered the stomach

Answer 3

GASTROCOLIC REFLEX

Question 3

2 Classifications of Fiber

Answer 3

SOLUBLE
INSOLUBLE

Question 3

slows down normal colonic movements by blocking parasympathetic stimulation to colon muscles

Answer 3

GENERAL ANESTHESIA

Question 4

promotes movement of material through digestive system and adds stool bulk

Answer 4

INSOLUBLE FIBER

Question 4

FECAL ELIMINATION PROBLEMS

Answer 4

DIARRHEA CONSTIPATION FECAL IMPACTION BOWEL INCTINENCE FLATULENCE

Question 4

Recommended fluid intake

Answer 4

2,000-3,000 mL (6-8 glasses)

Question 4

Poorly functioning anal sphincter can lead to

Answer 4

FECAL INCONTINENCE

Question 4

Collection of hardened feces in the folds of rectum

Answer 4

FECAL IMPACTION

Question 5

- Fewer than 3 bowel movements per week - Passage of dry, hard stool or the passage of no stool

Answer 5

CONSTIPATION

Question 5

Passage of liquid feces and an increased frequency of defecation.

Answer 5

DIARRHEA

Question 6

Loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharges thru anal sphincter

Answer 6

BOWEL INCONTINENCE

Question 7

- Presence of excessive flatus in the intestines

Answer 7

FLATULENCE

Question 7

opening for the gastrointestinal, urinary, or respiratory tract onto the skin

Answer 7

OSTOMY

Question 8

opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach

Answer 8

GASTROSTOMY

Question 9

opens through the abdominal wall into the jejunum

Answer 9

JEJUNOSTOMY

Question 10

opens into the colon

Answer 10

COLOSTOMY

Question 10

to divert and drain fecal material

Answer 10

BOWEL OSTOMIES

Question 11

provides means of elimination when rectum/anus is nonfunctional

Answer 11

PERMANENT COLOSTOMY

Question 11

opening created in the abdominal wall by the ostomy

Answer 11

STOMA

Question 12

performed for traumatic injuries or inflammation of bowel

Answer 12

TEMPORARY COLOSTOMY

Question 13

Introduction of solution to rectum and large intestine

Answer 13

ENEMA

Question 13

portable chair w/ a toilet seat and a receptacle that can be emptied

Answer 13

COMMODE

Question 13

receptacle for urine and feces

Answer 13

BEDPAN

Question 14

Drugs that INDUCE defecation. They can have a strong, purgative effect

Answer 14

CATHARTICS

Question 15

Example of Cathartics

Answer 15

CASTOR OIL CASCARA

Question 15

Mild in comparison to a cathartic, and it produces soft or liquid stools that are sometimes accompanied by abdominal cramps

Answer 15

LAXATIVES

Question 15

Type of laxative inserted directly to the anus

Answer 15

SUPPOSITORIES

Question 15

Types of enemas

Answer 15

1. CLEANSING 2. CARMINATIVE 3. RETENTION 4. RETURN-FLOW

Question 16

Are herbal oils known to act as agents that help expel gas from the stomach and intestines

Answer 16

CARMINATIVES

Question 17

Enema to remove feces

Answer 17

CLEANSING ENEMA

Question 18

introduces oil or medication to rectum and sigmoid colon

Answer 18

RETENTION ENEMA

Question 19

to expel flatus

Answer 19

CARMINATIVE ENEMA

Question 20

Also called Harris flush. Occasionally used to expel flatus

Answer 20

RETURN-FLOW ENEMA

Question 20

physiological (normal) saline, are considered the safest enema solutions to use. They exert the same osmotic pressure as the interstitial fluid surrounding the colon. Therefore, there is no fluid movement into or out of the colon.

Answer 20

ISOTONIC SOL'N

Question 20

given to cleanse as much of the colon as possible

Answer 20

HIGH ENEMA

Question 20

exert osmotic pressure, which draws fluid from the interstitial space into the colon

Answer 20

HYPERTONIC SOLUTIONS

Question 20

stimulate peristalsis by increasing the volume in the colon and irritating the mucosa

Answer 20

SOAPSUDS ENEMA

Question 21

3. A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The nurse will provide information to the client about which type of enema? 1. Oil retention 2. Return flow 3. High, large volume 4. Low, small volume

Answer 21

4

Question 21

5. Which goal is the most appropriate for clients with diarrhea related to ingestion of an antibiotic for an upper respiratory infection? 1. The client will wear a medical alert bracelet for antibiotic allergy. 2. The client will return to his or her previous fecal elimination pattern. 3. The client will verbalize the need to take an antidiarrheal medication prn. 4. The client will increase intake of insoluble fiber such as grains, rice, and cereals.

Answer 21

2

Question 21

used to clean the rectum and sigmoid colon only

Answer 21

LOW ENEMA

Question 21

1. Clients should be taught that repeatedly ignoring the sensation of needing to defecate could result in which of the following? 1. Constipation 2. Diarrhea 3. Incontinence 4. Hemorrhoids

Answer 21

1

Question 22

2. Which statement provides evidence that an older adult who is prone to constipation is in need of further teaching? 1. “I need to drink one and a half to two quarts of liquid each day.” 2. “I need to take a laxative such as Milk of Magnesia if I don’t have a BM every day.” 3. “If my bowel pattern changes on its own, I should call you.” 4. “Eating my meals at regular times is likely to result in regular bowel movements.”

Answer 22

2

Question 22

4. The nurse is most likely to report which finding to the primary care provider for a client who has an established colostomy? 1. The stoma extends 1/2 in. above the abdomen. 2. The skin under the appliance looks red briefly after removing the appliance. 3. The stoma color is a deep red-purple. 4. The ascending colostomy delivers liquid feces.

Answer 22

3

Question 23

6. A client with a new stoma who has not had a bowel movement since surgery last week reports feeling nauseous. What is the appropriate nursing action? 1. Prepare to irrigate the colostomy. 2. After assessing the stoma and surrounding skin, notify the surgeon. 3. Assess bowel sounds and administer antiemetic. 4. Administer a bulk-forming laxative, and encourage increased fluids and exercise

Answer 23

2

Question 24

7. The nurse assesses a client’s abdomen several days after abdominal surgery. It is firm, distended, and painful to palpate. The client reports feeling “bloated.” The nurse consults with the surgeon, who orders an enema. The nurse prepares to give what kind of enema? 1. Soapsuds 2. Retention 3. Return flow 4. Oil retention

Answer 24

3

Question 25

8. Which of the following is most likely to validate that a client is experiencing intestinal bleeding? 1. Large quantities of fat mixed with pale yellow liquid stool 2. Brown, formed stools 3. Semisoft black-colored stools 4. Narrow, pencil-shaped stool

Answer 25

3

Question 26

9. Which nursing diagnoses is/are most applicable to a client with fecal incontinence? Select all that apply. 1. Bowel Incontinence 2. Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume 3. Disturbed Body Image 4. Social Isolation 5. Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity

Answer 26

1,3,4,5